I-Biograge
UMarseille Prost ungomunye wababhali abaphikisanayo ngekhulu lama-20. Umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu "ufuna isikhathi esilahlekile", esakhiwa amanoveli amaningana, sisavusa izingxabano zezincwadi nabagxeki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-prost ibhekwa njengommeleli ogqamile kakhulu wobuntu besimanje ngezincwadi zesiFulentshi.Ubuntwana nentsha
Igama eligcwele lomlobi - Viennene Louis Georges Eugene Marseil Prist. IPusa lesikhathi esizayo nefilosofi yazalwa ngoJulayi 10, 1871 esigodini seParis. Umndeni womndeni wawufakiwe embuthanweni wezindlu ezicebile nezidumile zomuzi. Ubaba womfana - u-Adrian Perst - wayenesikhundla esisenkolweni sezempilo, uMama uJeanne Heil wayebuye abelwe kusukela emndenini ovikelekile.
UMarseille wayeyingane ebuhlungu, futhi eneminyaka engu-9 ubudala, umfana watholakala ene-asthma. Ukuhlaselwa kwalesi sifo kwahlushwa umlobi kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo, okwabeka umfutho omkhulu esimweni se-prost: wahlukaniswa intukuthelo evaliwe.
Wafunda umphumuzi kwelinye lama-lyceum amadala enhlokodolobha yaseFrance - i-cond. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, uMarseille osemusha wayenesifiso sefilosofi nezincwadi, iwashi lalingafunda umsebenzi ongawadinga.
Umlingisi onembile kakhulu we-prostsis angamelwa ngenxa yephepha lemibuzo, alinikeze ngalo eminyakeni engu-13 noma eyi-14. Iqiniso ngukuthi bekukhona izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zemibuzo ngemfashini. Futhi izingane, futhi ngisho nabantu abadala badlulela komunye nomunye ngemibuzo, base bexoxa ngezimpendulo zomunye nomunye. Kakade esemncane kanjena, isifebe sabonisa ukujula kokwahlulela nokuqabukela kobanda kwentsha.
Ngemuva kokuphothula eLyceum, uPristt waya empini, lapho akhonza khona kwaze kwaba ngu-1890. Lapho-ke le nsizwa yanquma ukuqhubeka nezifundo zakhe yangena eSorbonne, ikhetha ubuhlakani obusemthethweni. Ngasikhathi sinye, ama-marseille pruts avame ukubanjwa ku-fashion salon, phakathi kwabantu bobukhosi kanye nobungcweti besikhathi leso sikhathi.
Ngesikhathi esisodwa kusihlwa, uPranov wahlangana nomlobi u-Anatola France, owaphefumulela insizwa encane, futhi wasiza insizwa ukuba ishicilele iqoqo lokuqala lezindaba nama-etud, okubizwa ngokuthi "ukuzijabulisa" (iqoqo lanyatheliswa ngo-1896) . IFrance yaphinde yabhala nokungena kulolu hlobo, ukwazisa isitayela kanye nesithombe semicabango yeprosese yokuqala. Mhlawumbe kusukela kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, i-biography yombhali kaMarcel Priust.
Into yokufunda
Naphezu kwempendulo enhle ku-anatoly França, isampula yokuqala yepeni yeProust yabangela ukusabela okungalungile kwabagxeki, okwabheka uMarseille eDilesttania. I-caustic imibono ikakhulukazi uJean Lorrene, imbongi kanye neprosesi yesikhathi, echotshozwa kangangokuba abize nokugxekwa kwe-duel.
Eminyakeni embalwa kamuva, ngo-1892, i-prost yanquma ukusungula eyakhe umagazini. I-Edition yathola igama elithi "pier". Ngo-1984, uMarsell wazama amandla ezinkondlindlo, wahambisa iqoqo lezinkondlo eNkantolo Yezomphakathi Ecwengekile. Le ncwadi yahlala inganakwa ngabagxeki, futhi ngenxa ye-prost, inkazimulo ye-anatetant yagcina yagxilile.
Kepha leli qiniso alizange liphoqelele isimo sokudala seMarseille Pruts ukushiya indlela ekhethiwe, kwathi ngo-1985 umlobi waqala ukusebenza emsebenzini wokuqala omkhulu - inoveli "Jean Santa". Eminyakeni emine kamuva, u-First washaya inoveli, noma kunjalo, imigqa eminingi yalo msebenzi yasebenza ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ezincwadini ezilandelayo.
Ngo-1907, i-athikili yaseMarseille Priout yanyatheliswa ephephandabeni le-marseille, lapho umbhali wethule khona ukubonisana ngomuzwa wecala nokungafani kwenkumbulo yomuntu. Lezi zihloko, ngokusobala, ezikhathazeke ukuziqhakaza, zazisenkingeni ngokulandelayo emjikelezweni wamanoveli "zifuna isikhathi esilahlekile". Ngaphezulu kwalesi siqatho, uProustt futhi waqala umsebenzi ngo-1907. Ekuqaleni, umlobi wahlela ukuhlukanisa umsebenzi abe izingxenye ezintathu futhi ashicilele emafulethini amabili.
Iminyaka emine ipheya ichithelwe enguqulweni yokuqala ye-Epic. Ngo-1911, umlobi waqeda umjikelezo wamanoveli, abizwa ngokuthi "ukuphazamiseka kwemizwa." Umsebenzi wawunezingxenye ezintathu: "Isikhathi Esilahlekile", "ngaphansi komthunzi wamantombazane aqhakaza" futhi "isikhathi esidluliselwe". Ngeshwa, akekho noyedwa kulo mmemezeli avumile ukushicilela i-Epic of Marseille Priust. Futhi umhlali wotshani bakaBernard kuphela akenqaba ukushicilela (ngezimali zombhali), kodwa wafuna lokho kuncishiswa okukhulu kwinguqulo yokuqala.
Ngonyaka kamuva, uMarseille Prost wabhala enye inoveli - "ebheke eSvan." Lo msebenzi futhi awuzange ubangele abafundi abashiselayo. Kepha uProust waqhubeka nokuqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe, angezele enye imisebenzi emibili - "abathunjiwe" kanye "nokucekela phansi". Kwathi ngo-1919, inoveli "ngaphansi kwamantombazane aseSenyuyu eBloom" yaphinde yaphinde yabuyiselwa futhi yaletha uMarkeil Prista umklomelo ohlonishwayo oshoyo.
Ngokuvamile, umjikelezo wamanoveli "usesikhathini esilahlekile" waphenduka isikhumbuzo ngokweqiniso. Perst washicilelwa imisebenzi eyisikhombisa, emakhasini azokwambulwa ngabalingisi abayizinkulungwane ezimbili phambi komfundi. Ngeshwa, umbhali wawungenaso isikhathi sokugcina ukuhlela amavolumu okugcina. Umhleli waqedwa ngumfoweth 'umfowethu.
Udumo nokwamukelwa kwafika emhlolweni osekubuhlungu. Umlobi uSomerset Moem wagcizelela ukuthi umjikelezo "ufuna isikhathi esilahlekile" ungumkhiqizo omuhle kakhulu wesimanje, futhi osebenza naye uGraham Green ubuye wabalwa ama-Prubs enyakatho kakhulu yekhulu le-XX.
U-prost ngokwakhe waqashelwa kaningi ukuthi uFedor Dostoevsky noLeo Tolstoy, babheka nje ama-Idiors emkhakheni wezincwadi. Laba bacabangela abalimele eMarseille babeka umthombo wokuhlakanipha, amandla angaphakathi kanye nomthombo oqhubekayo wokuphefumlelwa ukudala imisebenzi yawo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu yabaphuli beMarcel. Iqiniso ngukuthi umlobi wayengungqingili. Okwesikhashana, indlala yaze yathola nendlu yomphakathi futhi yayivame ukuchitha isikhathi ezindongeni zalesi sikhungo, ikhetha umphakathi wezinsizwa. Imenenja yeNdlu Yomphakathi kanye noMsizi weProust aba yi-Alber Le Kazez ethile. Yena, ngamahemuhemu, wayethandekayo uMarseille. Futhi i-Marsel Prefer kuthiwa yiRoma enomqambi onekhono uReynaldo Nom.
Indlela yokuphila yama-marseille pruts ayikwazanga ukungathinti ukubhala kwakhe okubhaliwe. Kukhona inguqulo lesi sikhungo esiphenduke isixhaxha sesixhaxha sesimbali sesimbali sesimbali se-marseille emakhasini "efuna isikhathi esilahlekile". Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokucabanga kwababhali bombhali, izigcawu zokudonswa kwamadoda azidele nezinye izikhathi ezichazwe e-Epic of Pricts kwakungeyona inganekwane yomlobi, athambekele kuMazoshist usladam.
UMarseille Prost waba, mhlawumbe, umlobi wokuqala wesikhathi echaza ubudlelwano bobungqingili emakhasini ezincwadi. Ama-Pruns ahlaziye ngokungathi sína ubuhlobo bothando phakathi kwamadoda amabili, aletha iqiniso emphakathini ngeqiniso emphakathini.
Ukushona
Ngo-1922, umbhali ugijima ngamakhaza aqinile. Ngokushesha lesi sifo sadlula sangena eBronchitis, esasinzima ngokuvuvukala kwamaphaphu. Ngeshwa, imizamo yezidakamizwa yayiyize, kwathi ngoNovemba 18 wo-Marseille Pruh washiya impilo yakhe. Umlobi wayeneminyaka engama-51 ubudala. Ithuna laseMarseille Priout liseParis, emathuneni alo terlashez.
Imisebenzi ye-Prubet, engakutholanga ukuqashelwa ngesikhathi sokuphila komlobi, ngemuva kokushona kwakhe kwathola isimo se-opochal. Izingcaphuno ezivinjelwe ngokwezwi nakancane, nemicabango yefilosofi kanye nokubonwa kwezabaphuli kusalokhu kusasele kwezingxabano nezingxoxo.
I-Bibliography
- 1896 - "Injabulo Nezinsuku"
- Ngo-1896-1899 - UJean Santa
- 1908-1909 - "Ngokuphikisana neSanta-Beva"
- Ngo-1913 - "Ngokuqondile kweSvan"
- Ngo-1919 - "Ngaphansi kwesithunzi samantombazane aqhakaza"
- 1921-1922 - "Hermann"
- 1922-1923 - "ISodoma neGomorra"
- 1925 - "Thunjwa"
- Ngo-1927 - "Ukuthola Ukwenza
- 1927 - "Isikhathi Esibukelayo"