I-Biograge
Umgcini omkhulu ungumshumayeli, umlobi wesonto no-Archbishop ngesiTurkey Caesarea, owayephila ngekhulu lesi-4. Indoda yalwa ngobudlova nezihlalo, ingayesabi isijeziso esivela kubabusi. Uthisha weSonto wazihlukanisa nokuhlwanyela kwezenzo ezinhle, ezazinikele kubantu abalula.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umdwebo omkhulu wazalelwa edolobheni laseKhesariya, okwakuyisikhungo sokuphatha sesifunda saseTurkey eCappadocia, emndenini okholwayo, ocebile. Unyaka wokuzalwa kwabakwaMasonto akakwazanga ukufaka - cishe nge-330. UVasily uqanjwe ngegama ngemuva kukababa, ezezimali kanye nesipika.
Umfana kusukela ebuntwaneni bakhula emkhathini wokufunda iNkosi. Ugogo ebusheni bakhe wafunda eSt. George ummangaliso, ebusheni bakhe, kanye nomyeni wakhe, abahlushwa ama-Opals amakhulu kumaKristu, ashushiswa emlandweni njengoDiocletian ukushushiswa. Umalume womdabu wasebenza njengombhishobhi, njengama- bargigory amabili uGrigory Nissky noPeter Sevastiy. Udadewabo kaMacrina esikhathini esizayo waba yisisekelo sesigodlo sezindela.
Ubaba omncane waseVasya walungiselela nendlela yompristi. Uthisha wesikhathi esizayo wesonto uthole imfundo enhle kakhulu - ehleli ezikoleni zeKesariya, eConstantinople nase-Athene. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, umzali wafa ngokusobala, futhi le nsizwa yayihlala endlini kagogo wezwe, kamuva eyaphenduka isigodlo sezindela. Futhi ngineminyaka engu-17, le nsizwa ilahlekelwe isihlobo sayo esidala, kwadingeka ithuthele kunina eKhesara.
Enhloko-dolobha yase-Ellen's Wissers, i-Athene yafundwa ngokungabekezelele futhi yavakashela isonto - gxila ebumsulwa bempilo yensizwa. Wayehlatshwe umxhwele yisayensi, inqubo yokuthola ulwazi, okuhlala khona, ehleli ngosuku nasebusuku ngemuva kwezincwadi, ukhohliwe ngisho nokudla. Kube khona uphawu lwesibonakaliso: lahlangana ngo-vasily, futhi kamuva wenza abangane be-gregory theology. Umuntu engifunda naye ekilasini wayengumphostoli uJulian Porstode, uMbusi wesikhathi esizayo kanye namaKristu ashushisayo.
Iminyaka emihlanu ichithele e-Athene, nangemva kokuthweswa iziqu, nganquma ukuthi imithwalo yolwazi yayigcwele isayensi yezwe. Le nsizwa yayingenakho ukwesekwa ngokwenkolo, ngakho-ke waya ukuyofuna abazinikele ngoChristian.
INkonzo YobuKristu
Umgwaqo waholela ngaphandle emfuleni, lapho ubuKristu bukhula khona. Le ndoda yangena ekufundeni kwezincwadi zenkolo, eyayinikeza umuntu omaziyo omusha - ama-Archimandrite Porfiry. Ekufanisweni ngangizame ekulweni. Ezweni, ugwadule luvule ithuba elihle kakhulu lokufunda kubantu ababekhazimulayo, abazinikele basePahomi, uMari Alexandrian, waphila eduzane.
Ngemuva konyaka, waya ePalestine, esuka lapho eSyria naseMesophothami, waya ezindaweni ezingcwele, wayezijwayelana nabazinikele bezenkolo. Njengoba sesifinyelele eJerusalema, uSanta wesikhathi esizayo wayefisa ukubhapathizwa, futhi ngesikhathi sesakramente, ngokusho kwenganekwane, iqhawe laqala ukubona uphawu. Lapho oNgcwele befika endodeni ukupenda, umbani ovuthayo wawa esibhakabhakeni, nejuba laphenduka laphumela futhi lanyamalala eJordani.
Ukubuyela ekufundeni kwendabuko, ngokuqondile kwafuna ukuhlanganyela ezindabeni zezwe, kodwa izihlobo zaqiniseka ukuqala impilo e-ascetic. Indoda enesixuku sabangani kanye nabantu abanomqondo ofanayo baya ezimpahleni zomndeni esiqhingini sasePonte Island, lapho asungula khona umphakathi we-monastic. Kepha ngo-357, i-biography yakhe yaphinde yacebisa ohambweni - manje ngaphansi kwezindela zamakhosi.
Ngo-360, eMothele, uVasily wanikezelwa eSan Preseviter, waba ngumeluleki kumngane wakhe u-Esevia, owayesebenza njengombhishobhi. Ukunakekela amakholwa, ukushunyayelwa okungabizi kwamazwi kaNkulunkulu waletha inhlonipho nothando lwabantu, futhi lesi sikali sokuthi u-Eusevei waqala ukuba nomona. Wayenganelisekile futhi ngempilo ye-ascetic ye-presbyter. Ukuze banciphise izinga lokucindezelwa ngobudlelwano, uVasily wanquma ukubuyela esigodlweni sezindela esiningi ogwadule, ikakhulukazi ithemba elinjalo lalihlala limkhethile.
Ehlane, ukukhululeka okukhulu kujabulele okunye nokuthula, kwathi kuqinisa izimo zokuphila: akazange ageze, akazange anciphise umlilo, ehleli ngesinkwa namanzi kuphela ngigqoke isikhulu. Ukuziqhenya okuqinile kwenziwa umzimba - isisindo esilahlekile vasily, futhi cishe akukho mandla esele.
Kamuva nje, isazi semfundiso yenkolo enotshani sijoyine indela. Abalingani ndawonye banikezelwa ezinsukwini zemikhuleko, baphonsa kanye kanye nezincwadi zezwe ezithandekayo, baqala ukutadisha imiBhalo Engcwele kanye nokwakha amashadi e-monocar adormitories, asekuhambeni abamele esontweni laseMpule. UGregory kanye noVasily, akazange asebenze, esebenza kuze kube yilapho umjuluko wesikhombisa, ehlanganyela indawo yokuhlala ngaphandle kophahla nesango.
Ngaleso sikhathi, i-Emperor valent yacelwa esihlalweni sobukhosi samaRoma, kusukela ekuqaleni kokubusa kwakhe u-Orthodox kwaqala ukucindezela okuningi. Ukuze aqinise amabutho, u-Eusevia wabiza inyuthalo futhi ehlakaniphile, futhi indela elahliwe ngenhliziyo yonke yasindisa. Ukubuya ngo-365 eKhesara, indoda yathatha ukulawula kwe-diocese ezandleni zakhe.
Ukusuka ngaphansi kwepeni, izincwadi ezintathu zaphuma nokuhlaselwa ngama-heretics aran, ngaphezu kwalokho, indoda yakhetha isiqubulo somsebenzi - "ama-ipostasi amathathu ebhizinisini elihlangene", elihlangene izinkomba zokholo ezihlanganisiwe.
Imisebenzi yangempela yethulwe ngokufa ngemuva kokushona kwe-Eusevia ngo-370. Isonto lathatha isikhundla seMetropolitan Cappadocyan futhi saqala ukucekela phansi ukucekela phansi isi-Ariarism eMalaya Asia. Kuyiqiniso, uMbusi WaseRoma akazange anciphise ukuzikhukhumeza enjalo futhi waya ezindleleni ezedlulele, ehlukanisa i-capadokia ezindaweni ezimbili ezizimele.
UVasily wasala ngaphandle kwengxenye yengonyama yabafundi nabalandeli, negunya lakhe esontweni bawa. Kodwa-ke, ummeli wokholo lweqiniso usabeka amadolobha amakhulu ezifundeni zabantu abanomqondo ofanayo - isayensi yenkolo kaGrigory, uGrigoria Nis noMfowethu Peter. Futhi-ke isiphetho savezwa isipho sakwaVasily: Empini ne-Adriapol, kwathelwa umbusi, okwakukhona ushintsho esele esele esele emandleni esontweni kanye noMbuso uwonke. Kepha ngoVasily wabe sekwephuze kakhulu.
Izimangaliso nezenzo ezinhle
Impilo ye-vasily inhle ayikhuliswe ngezinganekwane. I-Orthodox ikholelwa ukuthi le ndoda yafakaza nomenzi wezimangaliso eziningana. Lapho umuntu wesifazane efaka isicelo sabangcwele, owezwa umphathi. Kepha encwadini eyabhalwa nguVasily, owonile wamphendula unesihluku. Lapho-ke impumuzo enkulu yagxila kuye ukuthi maduze izophunyuka entukuthelweni yabantu abaphezulu. Futhi, emva kwesikhashana, umphathi wangena enkosini.
Ngesikhathi sempi yasePheresiya, ngokungazelelwe wathandaza phambi kwesithonjana seNgqungquthela YaseBusise Mariya uMariya, imilenze yawo yayivezwa i-Mercury Mercury - iqhawe elinomkhonto. Le ndoda yacela abangcwele ukuthi bangavumeli ukubuyiselwa kuphila kuvela empini uJulian Hourvate. Kungazelelwe uMercury wanyamalala, kwathi lapho kwavela, wadonsa igazi lakhe emkhombeni. Kamuva, izithunywa zaletha izindaba zokuthi uJulian walimala kabi empini.
UVasily wayenesipho esingajwayelekile: Ngesikhathi se-Liturgy, ijuba legolide elenga phezu kwesihlalo sobukhosi esingcwele sashaqeka kathathu, kufakazela ukubonakala komoya ongcwele. Kepha uma inyoni inganginikezi isibonakaliso, yacabanga kanjalo futhi yabona ukuthi isizathu ese-Deonane, saphupha ngokubuka owesifazane omuhle emgqeni.
Umpristi watshalwa idikoni eliqinile e-Opitimia, kwathi ngaphambi kokuba i-altare laliyala ukuba kwakhiwe ukwahlukanisa ukuze abesifazane bangambheki ngesikhathi sokukhulekelwa. Kusukela lapho, ijuba alikaze liyeke ukumemezela ukuvela komoya ongcwele.
Elinye inganekwane lithi vasily ukwazile ukugwema ukuxoshwa eProvine Providence. Ngosuku lwe-Epiphany of Lord esontweni, lapho asebenza khona, kwavela inkosi yeValent. Ukubona ubuhle bomhlobiso nokuhleleka ethempelini, wakuthokozisa kakhulu kangangokuba wagcwala indawo yeHedrogen engcwele.
Kodwa-ke, lapho esehambile ekhaya, izitha zikaVasily zikhothame umbusi ukuthi zixoshe umbusi ngokulwa no-Ariana. Ngesikhathi sokusayinwa komyalo ofanele ngaphansi kweValente, kwalayishwa isihlalo kanti umhlanga wadiliza, ebeka isiginesha. Ngemuva kokuba umhlanga wesithathu waqhekeka, umbusi wethukile wabhubhisa lesi sigwebo.
UVelily uzuze inkazimulo yendoda enomusa, elungele ukuzosiza ngokudinga usizo, noma ngabe wezwa ngathi lesi sigwebo. Indaba yaziwa ngensindiso yabafelokazi abasebasha nabacebile Izindaba, okuyinto eParI Esports izamile ukushada nende. Intombazane ibingafuni ukulahlekelwa umfelokazi wayo puranity futhi ihaqeme ngosizo oluningi lokuthola umoya.
UMbhishobhi wakwazi ukuthumela umuntu ompofu esigodlweni sezintombi, njengoba izithunywa ze-Eusevia zandiza ngokushesha ngezidingo zokuxoshwa okungamanga. Ngemuva kwalokho kwabanjwa uVasily lapho ephinga futhi wafuna ukugoqwa. Ama-dapar athukuthele athembisa abangcwele ukuthi bathumele ukuhlukunyezwa okukhulu. Ukuvimbela lokho ufuna ukujezisa, abantu abanesikhali baphuthunyiswe esigodlweni sase-Eusevia. Ngenxa yalokho, uSanta wabuyela ekuhlobiseni kwakhe ephila futhi engalimalanga.
Ukushona
Ngesikhathi ithuba lokusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo ushintsho lwezepolitiki eHulumeni, indlela yokuphila e-ascetic yayikhathele ngokuphelele emzimbeni we-vasily. Owesilisa ushonele ngosuku lokuqala luka-379, enikeza inkonzo ethempelini leminyaka engu-8,5.
Ngokusho kwenganekwane, ngaphambi kokushona kukaVasily, umJuda omusha wabhapathizwa, wabe esephendukela kubafundi nangomhlambi ngamazwi kangangokuba ngishiye isonto kuze kube yihora le-9 izolo. Wathandaza kuNkulunkulu, wavuza indumiso yempilo ecebile nelungile, wadedela umoya. Abamele izithono ezahlukahlukene - bobabili amaKristu namaJuda, futhi ngisho namaqaba abonwa emngcwabeni. I-vasily yahlotshiswe ngemuva kokufa.
Ukukhumbula
Usuku lwenkumbulo ye-vasily the Great in the Russian Orthodox Church - Januwari 14. Ukudunyiswa okungcwele kuhlolwe ngoJanuwari 30, ngalolu suku umkhosi wesonto laseKhathedrali labangcwele abathathu - u-vasily, uJohane noJohane waseZlatoust bafakiwe.
Ngcwele inezithonjana eziningana. Waba ngumsubathi wezindela, abaculi nabalimi. Lesi sithombe siphathwa ngosizo ekufundiseni, efundisayo, ukuqala kwecala elisha nokungena ekhaya elisha.
Izikhathi eziyi-10 ngonyaka emasontweni zigcinwa yi-Liturgy of Vasily The Great. Lokhu chinocution kwakunguMbhishobhi omkhulu waseKesariya uqobo.
Ngo-1999, ngenxa yesibusiso senzalamizi yaseMoscow nakulo lonke iRussia, i-Alexy II, itshe lokuqala lethempeli leTite laseSt. Basil the Great labekwe eVDNH eMoscow. Ekwindla ka-2001, i-purel chapel yangcweliswa.