I-Biograge
I-Marshal USSR Dmitry u-Utinova ibizwa ngokuthi "uNgqongqoshe We-Stalinist", ngoba inhlonipho nokuhlonishwa kweza kuye eminyakeni yangemva kwempi. Futhi kabili iqhawe labasebenzi bezenhlalo, iqhawe leSoviet Union kanye neKavalera 11 yemiyalo kaLenin babizwa ngokuthi umvikeli wokugcina weSocialism. Kungekudala ngemuva kokusuka kwakhe, i-soviet stroke yathuthumela futhi yawa.Ubuntwana nentsha
IMarshal yesikhathi esizayo yamaSoviet emndenini wakwaSamara azalelwa emkhayeni wesisebenzi saSamara. Ngaphezu kwe-Dmitry, indodana endala uNikolai wayishaya emndenini. ESamara, ubuntwana obunzima badlula. Kwaphela lapho umfana eneminyaka eyi-10: ukusebenza ubuphofu obuphoqelelwe.
Eminyakeni engu-14, uDmitry Utinov uyivolontiya ezingxenyeni ezithile zenhloso ekhethekile, noma, njengoba babebizwa, amaqembu eqembu lezempi eSamark, adalwe namaqembu efektri. Futhi ngo-15, le nsizwa yajoyina iqembu le-12 laseTurkestan lalwa izinyanga ezinhlanu ngeBasmachi.
Ngo-1923, ngemuva kokubamba, u-Utinov wafunda. Imfundo ye-Vocational nezobuchwepheshe etholwe eMakarev eduze naseKostroma. Endaweni efanayo, ukuthweswa iziqu ngo-1927 nguFofdekhhkolu, waba yilungu lePhathi leBolsheviks.
Iminyaka emibili, ngawo-1929, uDmitry Utinov wasebenza ngomakhenikha esitshalweni sephepha edolobheni laseBalakhna, elisesifundeni saseNizhny Novgorod, wabe esethuthela efektri yezindwangu e-Ivanovo (ke u-Ivanovo-voznessensk).
Wafunda uDmitry Utinov ngaphandle kokuhlukana nomsebenzi. Imfundo ephakeme itholwe ePolytechnic University Ivanovo-Voznesensk, lapho le nsizwa enokwethenjelwa ekhethwe yilungu le-Parrebu
Ngawo-1930s, iqembu lapho kwakufundwa khona ikusasa lomfundisi wezwe lokuvikela izwe, lathunyelwa esikhungweni sezempi eMoscow. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, abafundi badluliselwe edolobheni kwiNeva, lapho bajoyina khona i-University of the Pleary efanayo.
Ngo-1934, uDmitry wathola iDiploma Lwi futhi waya emsebenzini njengonjiniyela eLeningrad Research Marine Institute. Umsebenzi wochwepheshe osemusha uthuthuke ngokushesha: U-Ustinov wayeholwa yihhovisi, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu waba yiPhini Lomklami Omkhulu.
Ngo-1937, kwaqokwa uDmitry Ustinova ukuthi aqokwe ukuhola ifektri yeBolshevik - ibhizinisi elikhulu lensimbi nezobunjiniyela, eliseNorth Capital.
Indaba igcinwe, njengoba imishini emisha eholwa yi-Utinov, kepha ukufakwa kwabambezeleka. Ikhomishini yokuhlola evela eKomitini Ephakathi ifike ebhizinisini nge-Audit. Maduze nje eMoscow, kwi-Poplobu, ngoba "i-paring", ukuhola kwale Bolshevik kwabizwa. Inhloko yeKhomishini igxeke ucingo ngokufakwa kwamathuluzi omshini, kugcizelela umbiko ngezithombe zezitolo ezingenalutho.
UJoseph Stalin wafuna ngentukuthelo efuna incazelo yokuphathwa kwezitshalo. UDmitry Ustinov wamangazwa yinhloko yombuso, ethula izithombe zemihlangano yokusebenzela efanayo ngosuku lwesi-2 ngemuva kokuhamba kokuhlola. Emishini ebekiwe, abasebenzi banikeze imikhiqizo yokuqala.
Inkonzo yezempi nezepolitiki
NgoJuni 1941, u-Utinov waqokwa ukuba ahole izikhali eziya endaweni yalowo oboshwe i-boris vansenov. Ngokusho kweNdodana kaLavrentia Beriya - I-Serogo - Ukukhetha Okuthandwa ngu-Utinova kwamenza waba ubaba wakhe. NgoJulayi, uWannanikova wadedelwa, waba yisekela nesokunene se-Dmitry Fedorovich. Ngokubambisana babeka umzamo omkhulu wokukhipha amafektri namabhizinisi ezimboni ezweni ngemuva.
Umsebenzi oyinhloko, owabekwa ngaphambi kwe-commisters, ukusungula ukukhiqizwa kwezikhali. UDmitry Utinov waba yinhloko yePleiad of Soviet Enjiniyers kanye nabaqambi kanye nokubambisana nabaholi bamafektri ezempi basebenze ekuhlinzekweni kwezinhlamvu ezingavunyelwanga.
Ngo-1945, iPhini likaStinova livakashele eJalimane, esikhungweni senceku, lapho ongoti abavela khona imishini efundwayo efundwayo esele amaNazi. Ngemuva kokujwayela nemiphumela yohambo, ubuholi bezwe bacabanga ngokwakha imboni yeSoviet Missile.
Maphakathi no-Mashi 1946, uDmitry Ustinova uqoke uNgqongqoshe Wezikhali. Amathuba avuliwe avumelekile aqukethe amacebo okwakhiwa kwemicibisholo yawo empilweni. Sekuyiminyaka engu-7, uNgqongqoshe we-Utinov wenza umsebenzi omkhulu embonini ye-rocket. Ngokulethwa kwenkonzo yezokuvikela, kwavela ukuthi kulawulwa umbhali we-7, umsebenzi wakhe ukuthuthukisa iphrojekthi ye-rocket.
Entwasahlobo ka-1953, uDmitry Ustinuva udluliselwe eholeni omunye umnyango - uMnyango Wezokuvikela Wezokuvikela, awubeka kuze kube sekupheleni kwawo-1957. I-Marshal's Merit uhlelo oluyingqayizivele oluyingqayizivele lokuvikela inhlokodolobha kanye nendawo yokuvikela evikelekile yezwe. Isayensi yezempi kanye nokulwa nokuhlelwa kweSoviet Union ngesikhathi sokuvuka kwe-Utinov ngesinye isikhathi.
Kusukela ngoDisemba 1957 kuya ku-Mashi 1963, u-Utinov wayeholwa yikhomishini ye-Persimium yoMkhandlu, ophethe izingqinamba zesakhiwo sezempi-zezimboni. Eminyakeni emibili eyalandela, uDmitry Fedorovich - Iphini likasihlalo woMkhandlu Wezwe.
Imvelo kaDmitry Fedorovach yakhuluma ngesilinganiso sokusebenza esimangalisayo sesikhulu: Wakwanele ngephupho amahora ama-3-4 ngosuku, futhi kule modi wahamba amashumi eminyaka. U-Ustinov wathuthukisa lo mkhuba we-Utinov ngesikhathi sokujwayelekile, owayesebenza ebusuku. Ngokuhlola, wayengafika esitshalweni ngo-10 pm, khona-ke kuze kube ngu-4 ekuseni ukuxoxa ngokubonakalayo futhi athuthukise isu emhlanganweni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwalonda amakhono okucabanga nokudonsela kuzo zonke izinto ezincane.
Entwasahlobo ka-1976, uDmitry Utinov wayeholwa ngumnyango wezokuvikela eSoviet Union futhi wasebenzela okuthunyelwe kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo.
UMarshal wayeyingxenye ye-portro yeKomiti eliseCentral - ngakho-ke abize umnyombo ongakahleleki wamalungu amadala nanethonya lekomiti eliholwa yi-Gensen Leonid Brezhnev. I-Soxburro encane futhi yathatha izinqumo ezinhle kakhulu ezinhlelweni zezwe kanye nempilo yakulezwe, eyabe isivotela emhlanganweni osemthethweni.
Imininingwane mayelana nokuvota kwe-Dmitry Ustinov ekungeneni kwamasosha ase-USSR e-Afghanistan aphikisana. Ngokomunye umthombo, uNgqongqoshe wavota kanye noBrezhnev noJuri Andropov ngokungena, kwabanye, baphikisana nokuhlinzwa.
Lapho bekhuluma ngemfundiso ye-Utinov, basho ukudluliswa kwe-accent ekwakhiweni kwamabutho anamandla ahlomile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izikhali zenuzi zenuzi ezisebenzayo. Ngokuhambisana nemfundiso yebanga eliphakathi nendawo, esikhundleni "sephayona" elisha kakhulu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Njengasemsebenzini, emndenini wakwaMashis konke kwayalwa futhi kwasungulwa. Umlingani we-Dmitry Fedorovich - Taisiya Alekseevna - umgcini wenduduzo yasekhaya kanye nesemuva ethembekile. Wabeletha umyeni wakhe izingane ezimbili - indodana nendodakazi.
U-Nikolai U-Utinov ozalwa naye wazalwa ngo-1931. URam, wabizwa kanjalo u-Utinov-jr. Kusebuntwaneni, wahamba ezinyathelweni zikayise futhi wasebenzela imboni yezokuvikela izwe. Waba umsunguli kanye nenhloko yesikole sesayensi, esakha inqubo yokuqala ye-laser, wabhala amakhulukhulu amaphepha esayensi.
Indodakazi kaVera yazalwa ngemuva kweminyaka engu-9 ebukeka ngayo iNdodana futhi yakhetha ububanzi obuhlukile bokusebenzisa amabutho: vera ustinova - umculi ohlonishwayo we-RSFSR, wahlabelela esikhwameni soMbuso. A. V. Sveshnikova, wabe esefundisa amazwi e-Conservatory.
Ukushona
Abantu abaningi babiza uDmitry Ustinov's angaqondakali. Kwakungekho ngo-December 1984, lapho amasosha aqondisa amabutho amabutho amazwe angena esivumelwaneni sempi aphela. Ukulandela u-Utinov, abefundisi bokuvikela i-GDR, iHungary neCzechoslovakia bafa.
UConspirologists ubona ochungechungeni lokufa kwamanye amaphethini futhi ahambisana nokuqala kokuwa kwesakhiwo sobusosayensi eSoviet Union kanye namazwe aseWarsaw Chorey.
Abanye ababoni ekufeni kokuhlaselwa okungaqondakali kwe-Utinov futhi bakhulume ngeminyaka - uDmitry Fedorovich waphenduka oneminyaka engama-76 ubudala, wayengumuntu ogula kakhulu, enakekela kancane ngempilo. UMarshal wathuthela imisebenzi emibili ukususa isimila somdlavuza, wasinda ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo. Imbangela yokufa kwesikhulu kwakuwukuvuvukala kwemoto kwamaphaphu.
UDmitry Ustinov wabanjwa udumo olufanele. I-Urn ngothuli olubekwe odongeni lweKremlin. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbili, umngcwabo wokugcina wenzeka eKremlin Walls - Konstantin Chernenko. Ngo-1984, igama likaMarsel lanikezwa i-Izhevsk, kodwa ngokushesha, lapho kubusa uMikhail Gorbachev, leli dolobha labuyisela igama elidala.
-Zuzayo
- NgoJanuwari 24, 1944 - OLieutenant-General of the Engineering and Artillery Service
- NgoNovemba 18, 1944 - UColonel-Jikelele Wenkonzo Yobunjiniyela Nezobuciko
- Ephreli 29, 1976 - Amasosha Jikelele
- NgoJulayi 30, 1976 - UMarshal of the Soviet Union