I-Biograge
URobert Shekley, owaziwa ngokuthi yi-facture enethonya kakhulu yekhulu lamashumi amabili, wazalelwa eBrooklyn ngoJulayi 16, 1928 emkhayeni wosomabhizinisi. Umlobi wakwazi ukukhulula i-biography yakhe. Mayelana noMama Robert utshelwe ukuthi ngentombazane elula uRaheli esuka kanjani edolobheni.
Ufundise ezifundweni zamabanga aphansi zesikole saseSaskachevian. Ubaba Fistysta, uDavid, waphupha ngokugxilile ebhizinisini futhi, naphezu kokwehluleka okuvamisile, kwathola indawo yakhe. Umsebenzi wakhe wokugcina nowumnene womsebenzi kwakuyi-Schiff eqinile yomshuwalense. Lapho, wathola okuthunyelwe nguNobhala-KAKHULU.
Ubuntwana nentsha
Eminyakeni emine ngemuva kokuzalwa kukaRobert, umndeni kaHekley wayehlala eNew York, wabe esehlala eNew Jersey, edolobheni laseMaplewood. Ngomsuka, abazali bakhe bangamaJuda asePoland, kwathi kuze kube ngu-1980 ehlala eWarsaw, kodwa eduze nasekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 kwadingeka ukuthi athunyese eMelika.
Ngesikhathi sasehlobo sasehlobo, umkhulu wathatha uRobert nodadewabo uJoan baya epulazini. Umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wakhula enganeni efuna ukwazi eyayithanda ukufika, izincwadi ne-jazz. U-Shekley wafundwa eBradbury, eStargen naseCtata izincwadi. U-Gotzil ube ngumbhali owaziwayo wabathengisi abenzi babathengisi futhi waqala umsebenzi wokuqala emshinini ophrintiwe.
Imizamo yokuzama ngokwethu njengombhali ibingathwebuli umqhele ngempumelelo, ngakho-ke uRobert waqhubeka nokufunda nokufunda esikoleni. Lapho uShekele wayeneminyaka eyishumi nesithupha, wanquma ukuhlala ngokwehlukile kubazali bakhe, kodwa akuzange kuholele kunoma yini. URobert osemusha kwadingeka aqede ukufunda, bese uthola umsebenzi.
Wathola imali yokuziphilisa ekwamukelweni esitolo nasemathunjini engadini. Ngawo-1940s, indoda iya eKorea. Kuqala imisebenzi yakhe yokubhala. U-Shekley wahlanganyela ekuhleleni iphephandaba leRefument.
Ngemuva kokubuya eKorea, uRobert wangena eyunivesithi eNew York, lapho aqala khona ukutadisha kwisayensi yokusiza abantu. Amakilasi eyunivesithi aqanjiwe esikhathini esizayo ahlanganiswe nezinkulumo ze-Irwin zibonisa. Ngaphezu kwethaba eliqinile lezincwadi, uRobert wadlala isiginci futhi wakwazi wakwazi nokuthola impilo. Izimo ziye zathuthukile ukuze kwadingeka ashiye eyunivesithi athole umsebenzi wokusebenzela lesi sitshalo.
Into yokufunda
Ngo-1951, uRobert Shekley wanikela ngokubambisana nomagazini "Ukucabanga". Izindaba ezimnandi zithande umhleli oyinhloko futhi zonke zishicilelwa. Esikhathini esizayo, umlobi wakhuluma ngentshiseko ngezinsuku ezenziwa ngesonto ehhovisi likamagazini, lapho ayesebenza khona kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa.
Isikhathi eside, inganekwane yesayensi yasebenza endabeni ye- "infinity Ship". Ngo-1959, i-anti-nightpia iyashicilelwa futhi idume phakathi kwabathandi bezifundela zefilosofi ngesihloko esithi "Ungajabula kanjani."
I-Shekley idale izindaba, amanoveli kanye nemibhalo yokuqukethwe okumnandi okwasetshenziswa kuthelevishini nase-radio ester. Izilaleli zazithandwa ngu "Video kaCaptain Video" kanye "ngakolunye uhlangothi lomnyango oluhlaza." Ngo-1960, ukuthandwa kukaRobert Sheckerley kwaqala ukuthola umfutho. Uthengise ngempumelelo yonke imisebenzi yakhe yaba "Galaxy" ethandwayo.
Enye yamanoveli ashicilelwe ngempumelelo ngo-1960 yi "mpucuko yesimo". I-SATYIAN Anti-Nighbopia mayelana noWilliam Barrente, naphezu kohlobo oluhle, lithinta izinkinga zomphakathi.
Ngo-1965 futhi iba yinto ebonakalayo ku-Robert Shekley. "Umthala" washicilela indaba ethi "Ukushintshaniswa Kwezingqondo", bese kuthi inketho yencwadi ephothuliwe iphuma ngonyaka kamuva.
Ngo-1968, kukhiqizwa indaba ye- "Coordinates of Miracles". Kukholelwa ukuthi inkazimulo yemqondo yomhlaba iqala ngayo. Umsebenzi wohambo lwesikhala sikaTom KAMORKI ukhombisa ngokugcwele umlobi wethalente uHekley, obhekele uku-oda lomhlaba kanye nencazelo yobukhona obudonsela ukunaka kwabafundi.
Kamuva, ngesikhathi sokuvakashela eRussia, uShekley wamangala ukuthi umsebenzi wakhe wawukhiqizwa umsele kangako. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izithombe zamanye amaqhawe engxenye yesibili 'yezixhumanisi zezimangaliso' uRobert wabhala kubantu bangempela, abalandeli baseRussia. Izothando olumnandi lihunyushelwa ezilimini eziningana futhi seluphenduke lwakudala emhlabeni wezinganekwane. Cishe yonke incwadi ingahlukaniswa izingcaphuno - amahlaya amancane kakhulu nomcabango omusha.
Ucezu ngalunye lwe-fantastic luwumhlaba okhethekile wefilosofi eyingqayizivele, ukuboniswa kokuhle nokubi, ukuthola okushiwo ubukhona bomuntu. Noma yimuphi iqhawe lomsebenzi we-Shekley ubuntu obuhlukile obuhlukile, obuvezwa ngekhasi ngalinye elisha.
URobert Shekley waba ngumlobi wamanoveli ayi-15 nezindaba ezingaba ngu-400. Manje imisebenzi yakhe ifundwa emhlabeni wonke! I-Shekley ngumnikazi we- "Wanderer" Award yempumelelo ngohlobo lwezincwadi "eqanjiwe", kanye nokuhlekisa okukhethekile.
Ngo-2000, u-Shekley wajwayelana noRoberto Quagh, igama lakhe laziwa kabanzi emphakathini wezemibhalo. Bahle bahlela umsebenzi ohlanganyelwe, kepha maqondana nokufa kwe-Shekley babeshiywe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu i-classic american inganekwane yaseMelika yaphenduka udlame. Unkosikazi wokuqala, uBarbaru Skardon, u-Shekley wahlangana ngenkathi efunda eyunivesithi. Wazala izibulo likaJason, kepha umshado wawa.
Umshado wesibili naye wahlehliswa. Unkosikazi kaZiva wabeletha indodakazi kaRobert, kepha imibono yabasanda kushada yahlukaniswa lapho kunesidingo sokukhetha indawo yokuhlala. UZiva City wenqabile ukulandela umyeni wakhe owayefuna ukuhlala e-Ibiza.
Endaweni entsha, uRobert Shekley wathola u-Abby Schulman. U-Ibiza waba ngumthombo wokuphefumulelwa umlobi, kepha ubuhlobo nowesifazane omusha akazange athuthukise. Elinye ihlazo elikhulu laba yilokugcina umbhangqwana: Sheckerley aqoqa yonke imisebenzi yakhe futhi aqhubeka nohambo oluya eMpumalanga Ekude.
Indlela yokudala yombhali yayigcwele ubunzima mayelana nomlutha we-narcotic. Kwezinye izikhathi kwakubonakala kuye ukuthi umsebenzi wobuchopho wavuselelwa ngale ndlela, izici ezintsha zivuleka. Ngo-1990, lapho ebuyela eLondon, uShekley wenqaba ukudla iHallucinogen. ENew York, wafika emcabangweni kamagazini "Omni", owayelapha eminyakeni embalwa ngaphambi komshado olandelayo womlobi uJay Roshibell.
Kodwa-ke, lo mshado kwakungewona owokugcina. Owesifazane omkhulu kanye no-Inspirer baba yintatheli uDana Geble. Ngenkathi ehlala ndawonye ne-Hekley Shekley iyaqhubeka nokusebenza kanzima futhi zinezithelo.
Naphezu kwesibalo semishado, iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila kwakhe, uRobert Sheckerley uchithe wedwa, wayenesikhathi esiningi futhi esenziwe kancane ngobuhlakani. Ngo-2005, uShekley wandiza e-Ukraine futhi lapho kwathunyelwa ngokushesha esibhedlela.
Ukushona
Indiza eya e-Ukraine yayibhubhisa isayensi yakudala. UHekley wazizwa enezifo, futhi wangeniswa esibhedlela. Izindleko zokwelashwa bezingaphezu kwama- $ 10 izinkulungwane. Lesi sifo saphenduka isimanga ngomlobi, ngakho-ke ukukhokha izinqubo ezibizayo, abalandeli bahlele ukuqoqwa okupha. Ingxenye yemali yenziwa ngusopolitiki wase-Ukraine, ogama lakhe lisele ekusithekeni.
Lapho isimo sikaRobert Shekley sathuthuka, wabuyela eNew York nendodakazi ka-Ana. Kepha kukhona odokotela babengenamandla. Eneminyaka engu-77 ubudala akazange abe inganekwane edumile. Imbangela yokufa, ngokusho kochwepheshe, yaba yi-aneurysm yobuchopho.
Amacaphuna
"Olunjani uhlobo oludingayo izigidi zeminyaka, umuntu angazisula abe yimpuphu ngosuku olulodwa!" (Ukushintshaniswa Kwezingqondo) "Kulula ukuqonda indawo yonke kunawe" (Ukuxhumanisa izimangaliso) "Uthando ngumdlalo omuhle kakhulu oqala ngokuzijabulisa nenjabulo futhi uphela ngomshado" (ukushintshaniswa kwezingqondo) "Indaba yenza izinto ezincane. Amanje aqukethe inani elikhulu lezinto ezincane ezingezinhle ezakhiwe esikhathini esedlule. Uma ufaka esinye isici esikhathini esidlule, khona-ke kulo mphumela ungatholwa omunye umphumela "(olimele)" amaconsi wesipiliyoni esimsulwa akhishwe ekubhujisweni kokuthi "(izixhumanisi zokuba)I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1954 - "Lapho umlenze wale ndoda engazange ahambe khona"
- 1955 - "Hhayi UKUTHENGA NABANTU"
- 1955 - "Izakhamizi Esikhaleni"
- 1957 - "Phinda ungene emhlabeni"
- 1960 - "Imibono: Ngaphandle kwemikhawulo"
- 1960 - "I-Infinity Ship"
- Ngo-1962 - "Shards of Cosmos"
- 1968 - "Isicupho Somuntu"
- Ngo-1978 - "I-Robot ebukeka njengami"