I-Biograge
Umlobi we-American Science Fiction kanye nomshayeli wendiza ochwepheshe uRichard Bach waziwa emphakathini obhekene nomphakathi ngenxa yokuziphatha okuthi "Seagull Jonathan Livingston". Amanoveli womlobi agcwele uthando lwendiza - izifiso kanye nokuphila, ukulwa nokuhlukahluka kanye nesidingo sokuhamba ngomkhumbi. Abalandeli babiza ama-bach ezincwadi ngokushukumisa nokushintsha ukwazi.Ubuntwana nentsha
URichard Bach wazalwa ngoJuni 23, 1936 edolobheni lase-Oak-Park Illinois. Ngokusho kwenganekwane yomndeni, i-motherboard yinzalo yomqambi odumile uJohann Sebastian Baha. Umndeni wakwaRoland noRuthe bangenasicebile, amadodana amathathu akhula kuwo, uRichard wayephakathi, egcwelena - kwabadala.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-8, umfowabo omncane wenkosi yesikhathi esizayo yafa, uBobby. Umbhali ukhumbula ukuthi lo mcimbi ushiye umphefumulo wezingane osenxebani. Izinkumbulo zale nhlekelele zaqala egazini zivela encwadini yezokuphepha.
Izincwadi zaqala ukuthakazelisa uRichard esikoleni sezikole. Kepha indiza yale nsizwa yabangela injabulo enjalo yanquma ukuhlanganisa impilo ngendiza. Amamodeli ezenziwe ekhaya aphoqelelwa ukuba abe yigumbi lezingane ekhaya. Eminyakeni engu-17, i-Bach iqala ukuvuka esibhakabhakeni ku-amateur bepne. Lapho kugcizelelwa ngabazali ngo-1955, uRichard engena eCalifornia State University.
Ngemuva kokuthola idiploma ingena ebuthweni, iqhutshwa iphupho ukuze libe umshayeli wendiza. I-Aviation isiphenduke uthando olukhulu lwe-baha. Umshayeli wezempi kaRichard wasebenza e-US Marine Reserve, ngo-141 i-Air Squadron, yandiza i-F-84F Bondard. Ngo-1962, esigabeni samandla e-US Air, i-bach iqeda insizakalo, kodwa iyaqhubeka ukundiza ngenjabulo yayo.
Into yokufunda
Uthando lwesibhakabhaka eRichard lwahlanganiswa nesifiso sokubhala. Kepha okungcono kakhulu kwathola ngokushesha iBaha, umbhali wadlula ngendlela enzima yokubhala ikhono. Into yokuqala engafanele ngivezwe ephepheni yimiyalo yezobuchwepheshe. Ngemuva kokuphela kwenkonzo, uRichard wasebenza ehhovisi lokuhlela likamagazini ondizayo, ngo-1964 liphonsela inselelo futhi lizinikele ngokuphelele ekubhaleni.
Incwadi yokuqala kaBach yashicilelwa ngo-1963. "Umfokazi emhlabeni" yindaba ethile ye-autobiographical ndaba yokuthi isimo sendiza asisaphoqelelwa ubuciko, kodwa amandla omoya. Impumelelo ethile, umsebenzi wawungenawo, njengoba uBillne ekhishwe ngo-1966. Kusukela ngo-1965 kuya ku-1970, ngokufana nemibhalo ebhaliwe, isebenza umshayeli wezindiza nezindiza.
Ngo-1970, umzekeliso wendaba kaBach "Chaika ogama lakhe linguJonathan Livingston" uvela kwiphephabhuku lezemidlalo. Umqondo womsebenzi wenyoni ephupha ngokundiza ngaphandle kwezinkingusheli nemikhawulo, umbhali uzamile kusukela ngo-1959.
Ukushicilelwa kwakungabonwa ngabafundi abahlukahlukene. Kepha uhlelo lwesibili olukhishwe yincwadi ehlukile lwenziwe uRichard Baha World Subity. Kwathengiswa amakhophi amabili angaphezu kwesigidi. Ukuhunyushwa kokuqala olimini lwesiRussia kwashicilelwa ngo-1978, le ncwadi yathandwa ngumfundi waseSoviet. UBach uphikisana nokuthi wabhala inoveli ngaphansi kombono wezindiza zangempela zomshayeli wangempela kaJohn Livingston ngawo-1920 nase-30s.
Ngo-1973, kwavela ingxabano kusethi yefilimu ku-Novel phakathi kweRichard ne-Film Studio. U-Bach waze wamangalela abakhiqizi ngeqiniso lokuthi bashintshe icebo ngaphandle kwezingxoxo. Ngenxa yalokho, isimo se-Baha se-baha kuleyo filimu savezwa kuphela ku-copyright egameni elithi "seagull Jonathan Livingston".
Ngemuva kwalesi sehlakalo, nonkosikazi wesibili, basuka eHollywood baye endaweni ethule, lapho uRichard eqhubeka nokubhala futhi ethanda ukuthandwa yi-paragliding. Umsebenzi walesosikhathi unikelwe eLesley, futhi babhala incwadi ethi "Owukuphela" ngokubambisana.
Izindiza zihlala endaweni ebalulekile hhayi kuma-biografikhi kaBaha, kodwa nasebuhlakani. Cishe kuyo yonke imisebenzi asetshenziswa njengendlela yokudlulisa imicabango. Incwadi ngayinye yombhali uluhambo olugcwele lapho umfundi ehamba ngalo ngokwengqondo. Abalandeli baqinisekisa ukuthi bawina kuphela ngokufunda imisebenzi yeBach: Ikhasi ngalinye liza ngokuzethemba, izinhloso empilweni ziya ngokuya zicace bha, futhi isifiso sokuzifinyelela sinamandla.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
URichard Bach washada kathathu ngokusemthethweni. Ngokokuqala ngqa, umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wazihlanganisa nomshado ngo-1957, umkakhe ogama lakhe linguBetty Jin France waba ngumkakhe. Izingane ezi-6 zazalelwa emndenini ongazange zisindise inyunyana - uRichard noBetty badihlukaniso, bahlala ndawonye iminyaka engu-13. Imbangela yokuhlukaniswa kwe-bach ibiza ukulahlekelwa ukholo kokholo emshadweni.
Ngokusho kobufakazi besinye sezingane, indodana kaJonathani, uBaba akazange abe nentshisekelo empilweni yomndeni wokuqala kusukela ngesikhathi sokuphulwa isikhathi eside. Enye indodana, uJakobe, imvamisa iza eRichard. Ngokubambisana, amadoda adlala chess.
Ngo-1973, lapho kusethi yomdwebo "uJonathan Livingston Seagull", uRichard wahlangana nomlingisi uLeslie Parrish. Owesifazane waba ngumbhali uMnyuziyamu, ngo-1981 basayina. UParrish waba yi-heroine yezincwadi ezintathu Baha - "Bridge kuze kube phakade", "okuwukuphela kokuthi" futhi "abaleke ezokuphepha". Le misebenzi ingezwe kumlobi wokuthandwa - amanoveli amasha agcwele ngefilosofi yothando.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-90s, uLeslie noRichard bahlukana ngokusemthethweni. Abanye abalandeli bombhali baphakamisa igagasi lentukuthelo, ukuthola umnyombo wamanoveli kufakelwe, kwathi umdlandla wawo ukhohliswa. U-Bach wazama ukuvuselela kabusha, lapho ededele umzekeliso, ewufaka izizathu zegebe elivela kuLeslie. Uphela ngamagama athi "konke kungaba yiphutha lapha."
Ngo-1999, uBach washada okwesithathu, uSabrina Nelson-Alexopulos waba ngumkakhe. Intombazane enhle, uhhafu weNorway, uhhafu wesiGreek, umncane ubhekeni iminyaka engama-35. Ngemuva komshado, yaziwa ngokuthi uSabrina Bach, wabhala incwadi ethi "Red Duletes", eyayihunyushelwa olimini lwesiRussia. Njengoba umbhali esho, le yincwadi ye-autobiographical mayelana nomlando wokubonisa intombazane eneminyaka engu-11 emphakathini wesimanje, omncane othandana naye.
USabrina, njengoRichard, uyakujabulela ukushayela umshayeli. Ngemuva komshado, le ntombazane yathutha izinto kumyeni wakhe endizeni yakhe eyi-quadruple "iSesna". Ama-ferrets ahlala emndenini, owaba amaqhawe emisebenzi kaBach, wabizwa ngokuthi "ama-chrights".
Ngokwemininingwane yakamuva, uRichard noSabrina bahlukana, behlala ndawonye iminyaka engaba ngu-10. Noma ngokubambisana, umlingani wesithathu wayedlala ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukundiza nge-bach kunokuba uphile ngaphansi kophahla olulodwa.
Richard Bach Manje
URichard ungomunye wababhali abathandwa kakhulu baseMelika. Ngokubambisana nethimba lakhe bakhalela owakhe iwebhusayithi esemthethweni, ngezikhathi ezithile ukushicilela izindaba ngabo nasebuhlakani.
Cishe uthando lweqiniso kuphela empilweni yendiza yaseRichard luzosala. Ngemuva konyaka we-2012, lapho utshala i-Easton Gilbert yenjini eyodwa, washisa ithanga wawa kusuka ekuphakameni kwemitha emibili emhlabathini, uBahu wavinjelwa. Awaziwa ukuthi ngabe ngo-2018, uRichard wayeyimiyalo yodokotela, kepha umbhali akazange athengise i-hangar nendiza.
Ezingxoxweni ezimbalwa, uBach uthi, naphezu kwenkathi ehlonishwayo, ayikaze iyekise ukuphupha. Kwakungamaphupho umlobi anikeza ithuba lokuzwa "amakhono amangalisayo nomoya wamahhala."
I-Bibliography
Ngo-1963 - "Umfokazi Emhlabeni"Ngo-1970 - "Seagull okuthiwa uJonathan Livingston"
1974 - "DAR yamaphiko"
1977 - "Ukukhohlisa, noma ukufika kukaMesiya kuhilelekile"
Ngo-1984 - "Ibhuloho kuze kube phakade"
1988 - "Opwodwa"
1994 - "Ukulwa Nokuphepha"
1999 - "Ngaphandle kwengqondo yami"
Ngo-2002-2005 - "Charity IziKronike"
Ngo-2004 - "Inkomba ephaketheni likaMesiya"
Ngo-2009 - "I-Hypnosis kaMariya"
2015 - "Izingelosi ku-poltsky"