I-Biograge
Umshushisi waseSusia waseRussia kanye nomdlandla u-Alexander Vampilov washona "ekuphumeni", eminyakeni engama-35. Waphupha ngokuqashelwa, kepha ama-play akhe esiteshini sezinkundla zemidlalo yedolobha laseMetropolitan alethwa kuphela ngemuva kokufa. Sinesikhathi sokushicilela izincwadi ezimbili ngesikhathi sempilo, i-Vampilov yenze uguquko emshadweni wesimanje waseRussia naseshashalazini. UVampilova wabiza amaCzechs ezinsukwini zethu. Amahlaya adabukisayo, ukukhethwa kanye nemidwebo yezengqondo ye-Heroes "yokunganakekeli", isimo sengqondo kubantu abasemakhulwini amabili - XIX kanye ne-XX.Ubuntwana nentsha
E-biography yethalente lokudlala - ubuningi bekhasi elibuhlungu. NgePAMPILOV yakhe encane yafika e-Alar esifundeni sase-Irkutsk, yize sazalwa eminyakeni emi-3 ngemuva kokuhambisa abazali bakhe e-Alari edolobhaneni laseKutuluk (iTrown - lapho ubuntwana bakhe kanye nentsha bedlula khona. Indawo yokubukeka yaba yisibhedlela esingumakhelwane waseKutuluk wedolobha laseChangcentrovsk laseCheremkhovo.
Ikusasa leNdodana ezalwe ngo-Agasti 1937 kwabikezela uBaba uValentin Vampilov. Encwadini kankosikazi okhulelwe, waveza ukuqiniseka ukuthi ingane yesine izoba ngumfana. Futhi wesaba ngisho nokuthi wayelinde isiphetho somlobi osindayo, ngoba ngaphambi nje kokuzalwa kukaSasha Vampilov - umdala emaphusheni axosha umbono wabalobi bama-Classics.
Igama losanda kuzalwa lanikezwa "ebubini losuku": Ngo-1937, izwe lagubha iminyaka eyi-100 ngokufa kuka-Alexander Pushkin.
Ubaba u-Alexandel Vampilov akazange akhumbule: Uthisha onekhono wolimi lweRussia nezincwadi, ngaphambi kokuba uThumana lisebenze njengomfundisi ovela endodaneni kambusi kambusi kambusi kambusi kambusi kaMbusi-General Irkutsk futhi oboshwe ekuqaleni kuka-1938 wadutshulwa intwasahlobo. Ukuvumelana kokuphathwa kwesifunda kwe-NKVD kuyimbangela yokuphathwa okuphezulu kwe-NKVD, ozakwabo baseDonos kanye nokumangalelwa okulandelayo ku-panmongolism.
Ezandleni zothisha wezibalo zesikole sedolobhana u-Anastasia Vampilova-Kopylov zahlala ezinganeni ezine. Umama wakhe u-Alexander African Africal wabasiza ezinyaweni zabo. Owesifazane udlale empilweni yombhali indima efanayo neNanny ka-Arina Rodionna nge-pushkin.
Ngiseyingane, u-Alexander Vampilov wayengumehluko omncane kontanga: washayela ibhola emkhakheni webhola, amakamu ayesemkhankasweni, wafunda ukudlala kuMandolin naseGuitar. Wafunda iMediocre, akazange athande isayensi ngqo, abathanda ukufunda. Lo msebenzi uhlala ngaso sonke isikhathi samahhala sengane. Encwadini eya kumngane, wavuma:
"Lutho, ngaphandle kwezincwadi, angifuni ukufunda uhlelo oluningi lwesikole ... Funda, ngokwesibonelo, ngilungele, hhayi usuku lomshado!".USasha wangena ezweni nomhlaba wedrama sasha: umfana waya endaweni yesehlakalo yaseshashalazini yesikole, wadlala emikhiqizweni ye-amateur. Ngiqale nokubhala esikoleni: izinkondlo ezibuyiselwe emuva zihlele isithombe sangemuva.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni sedolobhana, uVampilov waya e-Irkutsk. Umzamo wokuqala wokuba ngumfundi wekhono lobuhlakani obungokomlando nobuphangi: "Ukwehluleka" esingenisweni ngesiJalimane. Ngonyaka u-Alexander wasebenza njengomfundisi wamathuluzi entambo wendlu yesiko futhi waphinde waya. Umzamo wesibili waphumelela. Ngo-1960, u-Alexander Vampilov wanikezwa idiploma yemfundo ephakeme.
Into yokufunda
I-Littvyatnik yephephandaba lesifunda i-Vampilov yase-Vampilov yaphenduka esifundweni seNyuvesi. Esimweni esithi "Intsha yaseSoviet" yasebenza kuze kube ngu-1964, uDoros kuNobhala Wezemisekelo. Kepha ukubhala nge-Komsomol Valor kanye nesiyalo seqembu kwaphumela phambili kunokuba namandla ka-Alexander: Inzalo yeBuryat Lama emgqeni kababa nabapristi abangama-Orthodox baqubuka ekhanda. kwawo wonke ama-engeli. Wayeka, kodwa wabambisana ngentshiseko nabahleli, waya ohambweni lwebhizinisi.
I-Swallow yokuqala - le ndaba "I-Persian Lilac" - ivele e-Irkutsk University ngo-1957. U-Alexander wasayina isibongo esiqanjiwe "Sanin", ecashe ngemuva kwe-pseudonym esuka kulokho kwabonakala kuye, kugxekwa okungenakugwenywa. Akazange alandelwe, futhi ngonyaka olandelayo, indaba yesibili yavela ephephandabeni elifanayo nase-Almana, igama layo "izimo zokuhlangana" - i-Vampuliv yanikeza iqoqo lezindaba ngo-1961.
Akekho okholelwa emandleni okudla okudlalwa kwabancane, ngisho nezihlobo. Imidlalo yokuqala ka-Alexander Vampilov, phakathi kwayo i-comedic 'ivalelisa ngoJuni, "ayizange idumise umlobi. Imizamo yombhali yokugqashula ekungangeniseni kodonga nenzalo Theropolitan Theatre Thether yaphela ngempumelelo.
Ngemuva kokushona kuka-Alexander Oleg efreemov kwavuma ukuthi ngawo-1960 kwakukhona "ngemfashini" yama roses kanye ne-vokespeare's "hamlet" aqale kabusha. Ukubona ubuhlakani bombhali omusha, ngokusho kukaKhuduk "Wamanje", obuvinjelwe "ama-steretypillally ahlelele ubuchopho bethu."
U-Alexander Vampilov wakhononda kubangani ukuthi "adiniwe ngokubhala kabusha imidlalo etholwa nguHamame nezikhulu." Ukuphinda abuyise umbhalo ngaphansi kombono wayo kanye ne-repertoire yekhanda lomlobi lomlobi abuze i-Effemov naseYuri Lyubimov. U-Oleg Nikolaevich futhi nhlobo wanikeza izeluleko zokuthi "ukukhuthaza" "ukuvalelisa ngoJuni" njengokuthi "ukudlalwa koMlobi Kazwelonke". Futhi amanye amachwane ayale ukuba angavumeli ezimpahleni zawo 'zale ngcwaba eliqine': ingxoxo u-Alexander Vampilov ezwa ngengozi.
Ukuhlelwa kwamahlaya okudlalwa yiVadim Dvamkunas esiteji se-Klaipeda Dramaater ngonyaka we-1966 kwaba yimpumelelo. Ngokushesha i-vampilovskoye "Farewell e-June" yabeka abaqondisi bezinkundla zemidlalo eziyisishiyagalombili zaseSoviet, kepha inhloko-dolobha yayisenguMlobi we- "non-format".
Ngo-1967, u-Alexander Vampilov wabhala amahlaya ezenzweni ze-2, indodana ekhulu "futhi waqeda umdlalo" Duck Hunting "waqala ngaphambili. Okumangazayo okumangazayo, ama-Essays abhobozayo alinganiselwa ngemuva kokushona komlobi.
Ngemuva kweminyaka eyishumi, "indodana yabadala" idlalwa yavikelwa yiVitary Melnikov. I-Psychological Drama, izindima eziyinhloko lapho kudlalwa khona i-evgeny leonov, uNikolai Karachentsy, uMikhail Boyarsky noSvetlana Kruchkov, bathathe kahle indawo "esikhwameni segolide" seSoviet Cinema.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1970s, ifilimu yahlungwa "Duck Hunt": Ifilimu yakhululwa okubizwa ngokuthi "iholide ngoSepthemba", futhi abalingiswa abaphambili badlale izinkanyezi ze-movie Oleg Dahl, i-Irina BogatyRev, amagama ayishumi Yazi izwe.
Izigidi zababukeli bethelevishini nabaseshashalazini bafunda ngobukhona bombhali onekhono kanye ne-PlayWight. Kepha amagagasi othando nenkazimulo yezwe lonke amboza umbhali, lapho engenalo uthando, noma inkazimulo ayedinga.
Ngonyaka ngaphambi kokushona kwe-Vampilov yethule idrama yezwe elithi "ehlobo elibomvu - ngoJuni, ngo-Agasti ...", okwakuyigama lokuqala "Valentine". Ngawo lowo nyaka, kwakhululwa i-monograph yombhali, lapho ukudlala khona "ehlobo eledlule eChulimsk".
I-pendulum of defato yaqala ukunyakaza okuphambene ngemuva kokushona kobuhlungu bomlobi ngo-1972. Izingcezu ze-vampilova zathatha i-repertoire yezinkundla zemidlalo yedolobha lase-Metropolitan eziqanjwe nguNyermolova noStanislavsky. Baqhubeka nezifinyezo zikaLeningrad Leningrad.
Ngo-2006, iNtutha "Indodana Ephezulu" yavikelwa yiHollywood, kwathi ngo-2015, ngokusho kwe- "duck Hunt", u-Alexander Pokhskin wasusa idrama. UZilova udlale u-evgeny ysygov, noGalina - chulpan Hamatova. Izincwadi zika-Alexander Vampilov zahunyushelwa ezilimini ezingama-20, kufaka phakathi isiNgisi, isiJalimane, isiFulentshi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umlingani wokuqala odlala ukudlala kwakuLudmila Dobchava, u-Alexander wahlangana naye eYunivesithi. Bashade ngawo-1960s, futhi bahlukaniswe ngeminyaka emithathu. UVampilov wahlangana no-Olga Ivanovskaya futhi wamholela ehhovisi le-Registry ngangokunye okufanayo.
Ngo-1966, u-Olga wabeletha umyeni wakhe wengane kuphela - indodakazi yendodakazi.
Impilo yomuntu siqu ye-PlayWight kunzima ukuyibiza ngenjabulo futhi ingenamafu. I-Hero Zilova evela ku- "Duck Hunt" ngonxantathu wothando lwayo olubuhlungu nokuphonsa i-vampilov yabhala kuye.
Ukushona
Umlobi ushone ngo-Agasti 1972. Waqhubeka nesikebhe esikebheni nomngani kanye nomlobi obhaliwe uGlebi Pakulov edolobhaneni laseTinvyanka uyothenga usuku lokuzalwa. Ku-hangar, yibaphi abangane abageza, uStidilo: I-MOEDET KWENDLELA YOKUXHUMANA - UNIKOLA.
Endleleni ebuyayo, lo phawu washaya isikebhe esikebheni wamphendulela. UPakulov wakwazi ukunamathela emaphethelweni esikebhe waphunyuka, futhi i-vampilov yathatha ukugeleza. Ngokobufakazi bodokotela ophambili wesibhedlela sesifunda sohlu lwasesifundeni sohlu lwasesizini, uVitaly Ivanov, wabona ukufa, inhliziyo ka-Alexander Vampilov ayikwazanga ukuma i-hypothermia: amanzi e-bakal ice naku-Agasti.
Indawo yokufa - iLake Baikal, ngemvelaphi yehangers. Izinsuku ezimbili zeVampilov azizange ziphilele iminyaka engama-35.
Indawo yokukhosela yakamuva yombhali yaba yiRadishchevskoe Cemetery e-Irkutsk. Indawo yokufa ogwini lweBaikal edolobhaneni laseLatvyanka inesibonakaliso esingalibaleki.
I-Bibliography (izingcezu)
- Ngo-1966 - "Farewell to June"
- Ngo-1968 - "Indodana Ephezulu"
- Ngo-1970 - "Ukuzingela Duck"
- 1972 - "Esedlule ehlobo eChulimsk"
- Ngo-1963 - "Indlu ngamawindi asensimini"
- Ngo-1965 - "Ama-ruble anenkulungwane anemali entsha"
- Ngo-1965 - "IVorona Grove" ("Umlando onamaMetronspass")
- 1970 - "Amahlaya Esifundazwe"
- 1972 - "Izeluleko Ezingaqhathaniswa"
Izics
- 1975 - "Ihlobo eledlule eChulimsk"
- 1976 - "Indodana Ephezulu"
- Ngo-1979 - "Umlando ngeMetronPage"
- Ngo-1979 - "Indlu ngamafasitela ensimini"
- Ngo-1979 - Isonto ngoSepthemba "
- 1980 - "Endshpil"
- 1981 - "Izeluleko Ezingaqhathaniswa"
- 1981 - UValentina
- Ngo-1989 - "Imizuzu engamashumi amabili ngengelosi"
- Ngo-2006 - "Indodana Ephezulu"
- 2014 - "Ihlobo eledlule eChulimsk"
- 2015 - "Ipharadesi Bush"
Amacaphuna
Ungabheki ama-scoundrels. I-Pelivia yenza abantu abalungile bazothanda umuntu, bafunde kuqala ukuthethelela iqiniso kuqala, futhi uzokwamukelwa ekuqaleni manje, udinga nje ukulahlekelwa yimali ethembekile. Lalelani: Le yi-Mirvse ephikisayo enobuhlakani - i-sherry, konke kuhanjiswa - kusho ukuthiniUkukhumbula
- Itshe lesikhumbuzo ku-Alexander Vampilov, iViktor Pink ne-Alexander Vododin efakwe egcekeni le-tabakcoque Theatre eMoscow
- Igama leVampilova libizwa ngokuthi i-asteroid (iplanethi encane) № 3230
- Ngo-1977, umgwaqo edolobhaneni laseKutulik, lapho u-Alexander Vampilov ephila khona, waqanjwa kabusha nge-Vampilov.
- Ngo-1987, igama elithi Alexander Vampilov labelwa i-Irkutsk Theatre yombukeli omncane. Esakhiweni saseshashalazini kwafaka i-plaque yeSikhumbuzo
- E-Kutulik, kukhona i-House-Museum of A. V. Vampilova kanye nomtapoyeli ophakathi nesifunda se-Alar segama lakhe
- Kusukela ngo-1987, imikhosi yaseshashalazini ibanjelwa e-Irkutsk, okwakuqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "izinsuku ze-vampilovsky", "imihlangano ye-Baikal yeVampilov". Kusukela ngo-1997, umkhosi unikezwe isimo se-All-Russian
- Ngo-1997, e-Irkutsk ekwakhiweni kwezidumbu zokuphatha zase-University of Irkutsk, lapho kufundwe khona u-Alexander Vampilov, kwafakwa uPlaque weSikhumbuzo kudumo lakhe.
- Igama lika-Alexander Vampilova ligqoka umkhumbi kuBaikal naseSikhwameni sesifunda sase-Irkutsk
- Ngo-2012, kwasungulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo ku-Alexander Vampilov esifundeni saseCheremkhov Irkutsk
- Ngo-2012, isikhungo samasiko sika-Alexander Vampilova savulwa e-Irkutsk, lapho ungazijwayeza khona ukuqoqwa kwezinto zomuntu siqu zombhali