I-Biograge
Umqondisi weSoviet uGregory Alexandrov wakwazi ukunqoba izithiyo zemibono emaphakathi nama-30s futhi waba odumile embonini yamafilimu omhlaba. Intandokazi yeziphathimandla kanye nendoda yothando oludumile luka-Orlova yaqala umsebenzi wakhe njengomdlali, kodwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yabona ukuthi ukudala amafilimu athakazelisa kakhulu kunokwakha izithombe ezihlongozwayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
UGrigory Mormenko (igama langempela lomqondisi) wazalwa ngoJanuwari 23, 1903 eYakaterinburg. Imininingwane mayelana nomndeni wakusasa kanye nomqondisi izokwehluka. Kunenguqulo yokuthi uBoile Gregory asebenza ngayo ephathekayo, eminye imithombo ithi u-Alexandrov yindodana yomnikazi wehhotela futhi wakhulela ngokunethezeka.
Kuyaziwa ngokuqinisekile ukuthi i-grigory yaqala ukusebenza eminyakeni eyi-12. Ukuqala umsebenzi endlini ye-Opera ye-Handlelring, i-Alexandrov yafinyelela ezweni lomsebenzi wesikhundla salowo msizi osizayo. Ngokuhambisana nenkonzo eqeda amandla, le nsizwa iphothule esikoleni somculo kanye nezifundo zabaqondisi bezisebenzi 'kanye neseshashalazi saseshashalazini esingaphansi kwe-gummy.
Amafilimu
Ukuthuthela eMoscow kwenzeka ngenxa yabalingisi bemidlalo yaseshashalazini yobuciko, eyafika e-Yekaterinburg kuhambo. U-Alexandrov wahlabeka umxhwele ngomsebenzi wozakwethu, owaya enhlokodolobha ukwenza ngcono izimfanelo.
Ngo-1921, uGregory uyayiswa enkundleni yemidlalo yokuqala yokusebenza. Eqenjini elisha, insizwa ihlangana noSergei Eisenstein - umqondisi wokuthi u-Alexandrov uzosiza ekwakheni ukusebenza kwezemidlalo kanye nefilimu "nefilimu" ne- "Potemkin's Armadiole".
UGrigory, owayenenhloso enomgomo, uhlala ethuthuka kulo msebenzi, uya eHollywood. Isizathu esisemthethweni sohambo kwaba ukukhushulwa kwe-cinema yaseSoviet Cinema, kepha u-Alexandrov akazange aphuthelwe ithuba lokujwayelana nabaculi abadumile, phakathi kwabo uCharlie Chaplin bangena.
Ngemuva kokubuya ohambweni, i-biography yomqondisi ishintsha ngokumangazayo. I-tandem yokudala esondelene ne-eisenstein (kangangokuba amahemuhemu angcolile ahamba phakathi kwamabhayisikobho) aqhekeke. Isizathu - uGregory wayefuna inkululeko yokudala eyengeziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umqondisi uthole umnikelo ovela ku-stalin ukwenza ifilimu mayelana nenguquko.
UKinokartina wabizwa nge- "International International" futhi waya kumabhayisikobho ngempumelelo ebonakalayo. I-oda elilandelayo elivela kuhulumeni kwakukhona amahlaya "amahlaya", ngenkathi esebenza lapho umqondisi ahlangane khona nothando luka-Orlova. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwefilimu yokuqasha kwanikezwa umklomelo okhethekile womkhosi wefilimu waseVenetian.
Kodwa-ke, impumelelo yopende i-Alexandrov kumele ibe nguMaxim Gorky. Amahlaya adalwe nguMqondisi azange amukele ukwamukelwa ngumlutha wokukhanyiselwa futhi kwathiwa abe sengobokhuni. Futhi umthelela we-playwright, wagcizelela ekubukeni i-Stalin yefilimu, osindise leli cala. Izinqubomgomo ezinethonya zivumele amahlaya, naphezu kokuntuleka kwe-Propaganda yeqembu.
Chitha impumelelo yabantu baseSoviet kanye nabamele uhulumeni, uGregory wasiza ifilimu ngokuthi "circus". Ekuqaleni, ababhali besimo kwakungu-Ilya Ilf noJevegery Petrov. Kepha u-Alexandrov, ungajabuli ngombhalo, wasebenza kabusha umbono wokuthi abalobi benqaba ukuloba. Ukuze sithokozise uStalin, umqondisi waqinisa ngokusobala i-storyline ehlotshaniswa nemibono yomuntu waseSoviet.
Iminyaka yokuqala yempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe echithwe e-Alma-ata (manje eyi-Almaty), lapho bonke abasebenzi baseMosfilm behamba nemindeni bewela khona. Kepha vele ngo-1943 umqondisi ubuyela enhlokodolobha. EMoscow, indoda yayilinde isikhundla esisha.
Ukusuka ekubhaleni koMqondisi Omaphakathi, u-Alexandrov uqhubekela esihlalweni sekhanda lesitudiyo sefilimu. Kusukela ngalowo mzuzu kuqhubeke, uGrigory Vasilyevich empeleni awususi i-cinema, isikhathi esithe xaxa esinikeza izingqinamba zenhlangano.
Ngo-1951, u-Alexandrov unikeza isikhundla se-vgika yothisha. Indoda eneminyaka eyi-6 ubudala iholele esifundweni esiku-Director, ngokufana nokufunda izimo ezintsha nokubamba iqhaza kuma-filtivonursions aphesheya njengenkanyezi emenyiwe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umlingisi u-Olga Ivanova waba ngumkakhe wokuqala ka-Alexandrov. Umculi waba odumile ngenxa yomsebenzi kokusalungiswa "Blue Bluose". Enkulumweni elandelayo, intombazane yabona ukubukeka okuhlekisayo komlingisi osemusha futhi wathandana. Ngo-1925, abashadikazi babenengane - indodana yakhe ibizwe ngokuthi uDouglas. Umshado wahlukana ngemuva kohambo lwe-Alexandrova eMelika. Njengoba umqondisi eseluhambweni lwebhizinisi, u-Ivanov waqala isithandwa sakhe.
Unkosikazi wesibili ka-Alexandrova waba omunye umlingisi ongaziwa uLyubov Orlov. KwakunguGrigory owenza inkanyezi evela kumkakhe, enikeze izindima zakhe eziphambili kumafilimu akhe amaningi. Kubo bobabili abaculi, umshado usuphenduke okwesibili ngenxa ye-akhawunti.
Indawo ezungezile yamangazwa ngobudlelwano obungajwayelekile. Abashadikazi balala emibhedeni ehlukene nasezindlini ezazidluliselwa kuphela ngamanothi. Ngezimo ezifanayo, i-Orlova yasetshenziselwa izizathu zomuntu. Ukuba nomona kwadonsa ukuthi umshado umile, kepha amadayari namanothi abashadikazi, agcinwe ezindlini zawo (ngakho-ke indlu yezwe ibizwa ngokuthi umqondisi), aqinisekise okuphambene. U-Alexandrov waphila no-Orlova ekufeni kwesithandwa sakhe.
Ukushona
Ngaphambi nje kokuba kube nokufa kwakho, umlingisi nomqondisi bashada futhi. Manje unkosikazi wale ndoda waba ngumfelokazi kaDouglas Alexandrova. Isimo esinjalo sashaqisa umphakathi. UGalina, wawubiza kanjalo umalokazana, wanakekela indoda esekhulile eyayijwayele ukunakwa kwabesifazane.Umfelokazi osemusha wafaka amadayari ozala, walandela ukuthatha izidakamizwa futhi walungisa izitsha ezithandwa nguMqondisi. UGregory Alexandrov lapho ephendula uGalina wenziwa i-GALIANE eyizimele konke eyakwazi ukuthola imali.
Umlingisi noMqondisi bashona ngoDisemba 16, 1983. Indoda endala yenqabile izinso ezithintwe yisifo esithathelwanayo. U-Alexandrov ushone wedwa. UGalina, owakhe iminyaka yokugcina, uGrigory Vasilyevich ubesekuhambeni kwebhizinisi langaphandle. Bamngcwaba umqondisi emathuneni eNovodevichy, kude nasethuneni lothando luka-Orlova, umsolwa owasinda khona iminyaka eyi-8.
Izics
Umlingisi:
- Ngo-1923 - "Idayari ye-Glue", Gluma
- 1925 - "" Potemkin Armadiole ", Isikhulu Esiphezulu Gilyarovsky
- Ngo-1929 - "Okudala nokusha", umshayeli wegandaganda
- Ngo-1938 - "Volga-Volga", ukaputeni we-fude tug
- Ngo-1970 - "Skzorets neLira", Jikelele
Umkhiqizi:
- Ngo-1924 - "Kuqala"
- 1927 - "Okthoba"
- 1930 - "Ubuhle Bela Ukulala"
- Ngo-1932 - "IMexico ende ende!"
- 1934 - "Merry Guys"
- 1936 - "Circus"
- Ngo-1938 - "Okokuqala ngoMeyi"
- 1947 - "Intwasahlobo"
- 1953 - "Ukuvalelisa Okukhulu"
- Ngo-1967 - "Izinsuku Eziyishumi Zashukunyiswa Umhlaba"