I-Biograge
UVladimir Komarov ka-Biography uyisibonelo esicacile seqiniso lokuthi ngokuphikelela okuthile, noma yimiphi izinhloso zomuntu ziyenzeka. Indodana kaMoscow Janitor, owalandela iphupho lakhe, wavakashela isikhala kabili. Eminyakeni engama-40 ubudala, indoda yathola umndeni, yakha umsebenzi wesidlo sayo futhi yanqoba indumiso evela kuJuri Gagarin no-Alexey Leonov.Ubuntwana nentsha
NgoMashi 16, 1927, iqhawe lesikhathi esizayo seSoviet Union uVladimir Komarov wazalwa eMoscow. Bazali bomfana - UMikhail Yakovlevich kanye KSiania Ignatievna - Wayehlala kuMgwaqo Wesithathu Meshchanskaya Street.
UVladimir kusukela ebusheni bakhe bashaya isibhakabhaka. Ingane yachitha isikhathi esiningi ophahleni lwekhaya lakhe lomdabu, yaqala ezindizeni ze-Sky Phepha izindiza. Kungenzeka ukuthi uthando lwezindiza lwaluwumphumela wabantu abamaziyo obuthakazelisa. Ngasikhathi sinye nomiyane esakhiweni esifanayo, uBoris Nikolayevich yuriev (uMdali wendiza enophephela emhlane) wayehlala esakhiweni esifanayo (uMdali wendiza enophephela emhlane), owayethanda ukukhuluma nengane yezihloko eziphazamisekile.
Ngo-1943, le nsizwa yathola idiploma yemfundo yesibili. Umfana waya esikoleni №235, ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kwayo angena kuyo okokuqala eMoscow School of the Air Force. Ngesikhathi eqeqeshwa, le nsizwa yagcina yaqiniseka ngokuzikhethela kwakhe, ngakho-ke eminyakeni emi-2 kamuva, uVladimir wangena eBorisoglebsk Aviation School.
Cosmonautics
Iminyaka yokuqala yenkonzo in Aviation Vladimir futhi ayizange icabange ngesikhala. Ngemuva kokuqeqeshwa isikhathi eside, iKomarova yathunyelwa eGrozny, lapho le ndoda yaqala khona umsebenzi wakhe wokushayela ezempi. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, uVladimir, owayesetholile isihloko somshayeli wezempi omkhulu, ubuyela eMoscow. Ukusondela ephusheni - ukuthola isikhundla somshayeli wokuhlola - iKomarov iya e-Zhukovsky Air Engineering Academy.
Ukuphikelela ezempi okufunwa naye umgomo kwaphawulwa ukuphathwa kwesikhungo. Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthola idiploma, uVladimir ucela uMbuso oRed-Bed-Bend Institute of The Air Force. Amandla okuhlela izinqubo zokuhlola adonsela ukunaka kweKhomishini, ukhetha abantu beqembu lokuqala leCosmonaut.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abasebenzi banezisebenzi, uVladimir wanikezwa umsebenzi wephrojekthi eyimfihlo. UKomarov akazange enqaba futhi ngo-June 1960 waqala ukutadisha iziyalo ezintsha. Ngesikhathi sokulungiselela nokuqeqeshwa kweVladimir kuguqula eduze noYuri Gagarin. Ubungani bamaCosmonauts bavale kangangokuba ngisho nangemva kokushona kukaKomarov, uGagarin akazange ashiye umndeni uzakwabo ngaphandle kokunakwa nokusekelwa.
Maye, naphezu kwezinkomba eziphakeme kanye nendlela efanelekile, omiyane abadluli kwaba abayisithupha abakhethiwe endizeni. Ukungena eqenjini, okuthi ngomkhumbi "vostok" bekufanele ngiye esikhaleni, uVladimir usize lelo cala. UGrigory Nelybov akavunyelwanga ukuthunywa, odokotela abavunyelwe ukuqeqeshwa kokugcina.
Kodwa-ke, iKomarov ayikaze yenzeke empumalanga yeKomosov empumalanga. NgoSeptemba 1963, lolu hlelo lwamiswa. Ngasikhathi sinye nalezi zindaba, odokotela baveze ukushayisana okusolisayo emsebenzini wenhliziyo. Phakathi kobuholi baqala ukukhuluma ngokususwa kweKomarov esikhundleni, kepha iCosmonaut yancenga iziphathimandla ukuba zamnika ithuba.
Le ndoda yaya emboni yenhliziyo iVishnevsky, isebenza eLeningrad. Udokotela ukuqinisekisile ukuthi ukwehluleka enhliziyweni akuthwali imiphumela ebulalayo. Ukuba lapho kuhlolwa, uVladimir wakhokha isikhathi esiningi ezigulini ezincane zeVishnevsky. Cosmonaut njengoba ayengakhuthaza izingane futhi watshela izingane nge-cosmos.
Ngo-Okthoba 12, 1964, uVladimir Komarov waqala waya emkhathini. Ngokubambisana nendoda, iKonstantin Feoktistov neBoris Egorov babetholakala esikebheni esisezingeni eliphakeme "Sunrise". I-Flight yathatha amahora angama-24 imizuzu eyi-17. Kwikhabethe elincane kwakungekho ndawo yezikhala kanye ne-catapult.
Ngemuva kokuphothula ngempumelelo indiza, uVladimir wabelwa iqhawe lesihloko seSoviet Union. Le ndoda yethulwe yi-Gold Star, manje eseboniswa emnyuziyamu webutho laseRussia.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
ICosmonaut yahlangana nonkosikazi wakhe wesikhathi esizayo eGrozny ngo-1949. Indoda yabona isithombe sentombazane ePhalamende lombukiso. I-charm yobuhle beKomarov isikhathi eside bahlukumeza umthwebuli wezithombe, oboniswa esithombeni. Kepha abasebenzi be-studio babazi nje ukuthi le ntombazane yayingumfundi weNyuvesi yase-Pedagogical. Lapho impi izothola ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhle bobuhle babizwa ngokuthi i-Valentine.
Kanye nomunye, uVladimir wachitha isikhathi sakhe samahhala eduze kwesikole, waze wahlangana nomuntu ongaziwa esithombeni. Esikhundleni sezimbali zezimbali, iqhawe lesikhathi esizayo se-USSR elilethwe ukufeza amathayili e-chocolate angenakoqobo. Ezinyangeni eziyisithupha ngemuva kosuku lokuqala, abantu abasha bashada.
Ekuqaleni, abasanda kushada bazalwa indodana. Umfana waqanjwa u-Eugene, kwathi emva kweminye indodakazi ka-Irina wavela. Ngemuva kokushona komngane womshado, uValentine akazange ashade, enza isikhungo sempilo yakhe yezingane ezincane.
Ukushona
Maduze nje kuze kufike ku-50 Annivils of the Great Offect Officialist Revolution, iziphathimandla zanquma ukuthi abahlali baka-USSR kufanele bathokoze ngenye impumelelo esikhaleni. Ubhekele irekhodi elisha lelo walethwa yi-Receiver Sergey Queen Vasily Mishina.
Kwanqunywa ukwethula umkhumbi emibili ungene esikhaleni nasekudonsweni esikhaleni esivulekile. Ngemuva kokuphothulwa kwesigaba sokuqala, ama-cosmonauts nawo kwakudingeka asuke esuka ku- "Union 2" (abizwa ngokuthi umkhumbi wesibili) ku "Union 1", lapho sekuvele khona omiyane. Ukuze ube nesikhathi isikhathi esinqunyelwe, amasheke angaphambi kwendiza aqhutshwa inselelo. Zonke izinkinga ezingama-203 ezaveza abakhi ngesikhathi sezivivinyo, bakhetha ukuthulisa.
Ngo-Ephreli 24, 1967, uVladimir wathumela "inyunyana 1" ukujikeleza. Izinkinga zemishini zizinikela ukwazi cishe ngokushesha ngemuva kokuqala kwendiza. Ukubona ukuthi umkhumbi wokuqala awubekezeleli umsebenzi oyabelwe, ubuholi abunikeza imvume yokuvula inyunyana.
Imizamo yokubuyisela iKomarov emhlabeni yaqhubeka amahora amaningi. Umkhumbi ujikelezwe esikhaleni, uVladimir akakwazanga ukuhamba futhi athathe noma yiziphi izenzo. Ngenxa yokuhlangenwe nakho okukhulu, i-cosmonaut, eyaphenduka i- "Union 1" kwimodi yokulawula yezandla, yakwazi ukuqala inqubo yokulwa nokuqala ukufika.
Bonke ababambe iqhaza ekusebenzeni babubula ngokuthula. Kwabonakala sengathi okubi ngemuva. Ngisho noMoya ngokwakhe babika esikhungweni sokulawulwa kwendiza, esizwa sihle futhi sisesihlalweni senkathazo, siboshwe ngamabhande. Lawa kwakungamazwi okugcina e-cosmonaut.
7 km emhlabeni waqala izingqinamba ezintsha. Angisebenzanga i-brake parachute, kanye nekhophi elisele ngenxa yombuthano oqhubekayo we- "Union 1" asontekile ama-slings. Yehlisa ijubane lapho omiyane eya khona emhlabathini bekungeke kwenzeke. Ukuphahlazeka kwenzeka esifundeni sase-Orenburg, kude ne-ORSK.
Ekushayweni kwe- "Union 1" kwangena enhlabathini ekujuleni kuka-0,5 m futhi kwabamba umlilo. Imbangela yomlilo kwakuyi-carbon dioxide egcinwe kudivayisi. Uhlaka kanye nokuqhuma okulandelayo kwakunamandla kangangokuba izinsalela ze-cosmonaut zazingaqoqwa ngokuphelele.
Ngokusemthethweni, umlotha weVladimir Komarov utholakala eKremlin, kodwa ukukhothama iqhawe le-USSR futhi ufike eHolmik encane etholakala esitezi esivulekile sesifunda sase-Orenburg. Thola indawo Easy - Ozakwabo beCoSmonaut bafika eduze nendawo yeBerezovaya Grove Trefy.
Ukukhumbula
- Ukuqhubekisela phambili igama le-cosmonaut, ukuhlonipha iKomarov elibizwa ngokuthi yi-crater enyangeni
- Igama lokugcina vladimir liyimigwaqo eLeipzig, Schwene, Zwickau, eFrankfurt-on-oder Metropolis naseLyon Metropolis.
- Ukuhlonipha iCosmonaut, kwasungulwa ama-boste ama-bortos: isikole lapho iqhawe, eMoskovo naseNizhny Novgorod lafunda.
- Isithombe sikaVladimir Komarov sibekwe ezitembu ezi-2 zokuposa zokukhishwa kwe-1964.
- Umqambi uDean Brett wahlanganiswa ukuhlonipha i-cosmonaut edumile, ukwakheka komculo kaKomarov, okwakwenziwa ngo-2006 ngeBerlin Symphony Orchestra.