I-Biograge
URaoul Castro - Inhloko yeCuba State ne-Commander-in-induna yamabutho ahlomile ezwe ashiywe ngo-2018. Wathatha okuthunyelwe ngemuva kokuguqula umfowabo omdala, lowo owayengumholi we-Isle of Freedom Fidel Castro. Ososayensi bezepolitiki baphawule ukuthi empeleni uRaul wasebenza ngokucophelela uFidel, futhi izinqumo kanye nokubukwa kwenhlokweni encane kwavela ukuthi kube namaqiniso kakhudlwana futhi kungokoqobo.Ubuntwana nentsha
URaul Modesto uCastro Rus wazalwa ngo-1931, ngoJuni 3. Edolobhaneni laseBiran (isifundazwe sase-Olig eCuba) kwakukhona amasimu amakhulu anendawo engamakhilomitha-skwele angama-92, ayengoka-Anel Castro nase-Argis. Umama uLina Rus Gonzalez wasebenza njengekhishi endlini yengelosi. Le ndoda yasikisela isandla esithandekayo nenhliziyo kuphela ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane yesi-5. Sebenyuselwe abafowethu nodadewethu abangu-6 nomfana.
Inguquko yesikhathi esizayo ifundelwe ezikhungweni zemfundo yamaJesuit ezitholakala eSantiago de Cuba naseHavana. Imfundo ephakeme itholwe eHavana University ku "Public Administration" ekhethekile. Eminyakeni yabafundi, uRaul Castro usevele wawukade enyunyana yentsha yeSocialist. UFideli wabelana ngaye ngamehlo kaMfoweth 'naye kamuva, futhi ebusheni bakhe banamathela emibonweni yenkululeko kazwelonke.
Umsebenzi nezepolitiki
UFidel noRaul Castro Rus, bafuna ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo eCuba, njengengxenye yokuhamba kweqembu le- "Orthodox", banquma ukugumbuqela umagazini umagazini iBatista. Kodwa-ke, le nhlangano ayizange ikhombise imisebenzi yezepolitiki, ngakho-ke abafowethu abaneqembu labantu abanomqondo ofanayo ngo-1953 baya ekuhlaselweni kweMoncada Barracks (Santiago de Cuba).Ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa, uRaul wakhombisa isibindi. Lapho umgibeli ezungeza iqembu lapho umncane uCastro enza khona, insizwa yokuphelelwa yithemba yathatha isibhamu ekhanda lonogada, owayezama ukubambezela izingozi. UMthetho wasiza ababambiqhaza bacashe ngemuva kwesivunguvungu esingaphumelelanga. Kodwa-ke, ngokulandelayo uFidel nomfowethu basaboshwa, bagwetshwe ejele elide (ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-10).
Ngo-1955, izihlobo zazinqube. UCastro wanquma ukuthuthela eMexico. Ngo-1956, i-Revolution ehlomile ngokumelene noFelhencio Batisti yaqala eCuba. UFideli wasukuma ekhanda lebutho elivukelayo, wamisa uRaul Comandante.
EMexico City, okubabazekayo okwenziwa ngabakwa-Biography bakwa-Castro Brothers ngo-Ernesto Che Haroya. Ngo-1956, i-yacht kaGranma enezihlubuki yaya eCuba. Ingxenye yabantu ababulawa yizandla zezinceku zikahulumeni. Kodwa-ke, abasele bakwazile ukuhlala ezintabeni zaseSierra Maestra. URaoul wahola inhlangano enamandla yokuguqula izinguquko. Inani labasekeli lalingaba yizinkulungwane ezine.
ICuban Revolution ilethe umphumela - uBatistist wagumbuqela ngonyaka we-1959. NgoFebhuwari wonyaka ofanayo, uRaoul wamiswa esikhundleni sendawo enkulu yabaphathi, futhi kamuva, uNgqongqoshe Wezempi Yamanye AmaRiphabhulikhi waseRibha. Isitayela sokuphatha esinekhono sasisiza ukukhulisa isibalo sempi kubantu abayizinkulungwane ezingama-50. Usihlalo weCastro ugcizelele kuze kube ngu-2008, asungule irekhodi lomhlaba ngesikhathi sokuhlala esimweni esinjalo. Umfowabo kaFideli neminye imibuzo ebalulekile.
Ngo-1991 kwaba ngeCuba isikhathi senhlupheko yezomnotho esihambisana nokuwa kwe-USSR. Ngokuthatha isinqumo sikahulumeni ezweni, ukutshalwa kwezimali okuvela kwamanye amazwe kanye nemali yakwamanye amazwe sekuvunyelwe. Izinguquko zezezimali zalawulwa nguRaul. Ezimweni ezidaliwe, izixazululo ezamukelwe yi-Castro ziholele empahleni ebukhali yejerk. Ekugcineni amaCuba akwazi ukuthuthukisa ezolimo, akhule noma yimaphi amasiko, ukuhweba ngezimakethe zangasese noma zikahulumeni.
Inhloko ye-State Fidel Castro eminyakeni yokugcina yeBhodi yamenyezelwa obala, ozoyithatha esikhundleni salokho okuthunyelwe uma esula. Ngo-1997, umhlangano wesi-5 weqembu lamaKhomanisi waphoqelelwa, lapho kwakubizwa khona noRaul ongumlandeli kaFidel. Ngo-2006, umzalwane omdala wamemezela ukwengeza amandla kaMholi, futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, waletha usihlalo omusha womkhandlu wombuso kanye nombusi kaCuba Raul. Emva kwalokho, imisebenzi kanye nokunakekelwa okuphathelene nezwe kwakulele emahlombe esihlobo.
Isinyathelo sokuqala soRaul ngesimo esisha siyindlela yokuphatha yokuphatha kanye nokwehliswa kwezinhlaka zombuso. Isigaba sokuqala seBhodi yeCastro Jr. siphawulwa ngenkululeko ebalulekile: imvume yokusebenzisa ifoni ephathekayo kanye ne-microwave, ukufinyelela kwamahhala kwe-inthanethi. Abalimi bathole ilungelo lokulahla umhlaba ngokuzimela, futhi abanikazi bezindlu bakahulumeni bakwazi ukwenza izintambo (hhayi ukuthengisa) ingcebo.
Ngo-2013, kwaqhutshwa umhlangano wokukhunjulwa kukaRaul noBarack Obama emngcwabeni kaNelson Mandela. UCastro kuqala wanyakazisa isandla sikaMongameli waseMelika. Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni emi-3 kamuva, kwenzeka isigameko, isithombe nevidiyo yayo eyayiphindwa kabanzi kwabezindaba. Iqiniso ngukuthi u-Obama wazama phambi komphakathi ehlombe laseCuba. Isenzo asiwuthandi umfowabo kaFideli, futhi owake waguqula izinguquko wasonta isandla se-barlack up.
Ngo-2017, lo mholi wamemezela usuku olunembe lokwesula, ethi umholi omusha uzovela eCuba. Ngo-Ephreli 2018, uRaul wathi uzoshiya isikhundla sikaSihlalo woMkhandlu Wombuso. Usopolitiki we-19 wamemezela igama lalowo ozongena esikhundleni - isiteshi se-Miguel Diaz.
NgoJuni, kwakukhona imininingwane yokuthi ekuqaleni kukaRail, ikhomishini yePhalamende ekuguqulweni komthethosisekelo iyasebenza. IKhomishini yabika isahluko esisha sezwe lesiteshi se-Diaz. Amacebo okubhala kabusha umthetho ophambili wesimo saseCastro abikwe emuva ngo-2016, ngemuva kokushona komfowethu odala.
Kodwa-ke, uRaul washiya isihlalo somholi weqembu. Kodwa-ke, ngo-2018, uCastro wamemezela ukuthi ngo-2021 uhlela ukulahla uNobhala wokuqala weKomidi eliseCCP.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi lowo wangaphambilini wangaphambili awunabo ubuhlobo noMongameli wase-US olandelayo - uDonald Trump. NgoSepthemba 2019, uRaul Castro kanye namalungu omndeni wezepolitiki bavimba ukungena e-United States. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-American ibuyise inqwaba yemicengezelo ekhanseliwe ngu-Obama kunokuthuthukisa izinkinga zezomnotho zesiqhingi senkululeko.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu kaRaul iye yathuthuka ngempumelelo. Ngonkosikazi wesikhathi esizayo, uWilma Espita Castro wajwayelana ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwezinguquko ngokumelene ne-batcher. Ngo-1959, umshado wenzeka. I-Choir yazala amadodakazi amathathu nendodana: uMarielo, uDeboor, uNilsu no-Alejandro. Iminyaka eminingana, uWillma wayeyintokazi yokuqala yeRiphabhulikhi yaseCuba. Ngo-2007, umlingani kaRaul Castro washona. Owesifazane wangcwatshwa eMausoleum of the Frank Pais Frank Frank Ferats, ezikhundleni ze-Espin zalwa ntsha.
U-Alejandro Castro Espin ubandakanyeka ezindabeni zezepolitiki, ezokuvikela kanye nokuphepha kweCuba. Umbhali wezindatshana kanye nama-monographs lapho i-United States igxeka khona. Emadodakazini kaRauli noWilma bama uMariela. Manje indlalifa inemisebenzi yomphakathi esebenzayo emkhakheni wezemfundo yezocansi nezempilo. Inethiwekhi ivame ukutholakala izithombe zomshana kaFidel ngamafulegi e-Rainbow womphakathi we-LGBT.
URaul Castro manje
Ngo-Ephreli 16, 2021, eCongress yesi-8 ye-CCP, uRaul wathi wayenayo kusukela ekubhaleni konobhala wokuqala weqembu. Isikhundla saya kumbusi wamanje mbumbulu ka-kalkla. Ochwepheshe bathi isinqumo seCastro sasithathwa futhi isimo esinzima emnothweni, esakhula kakhulu ngemuva kokuqala kokuqala kobhubhane lwe-1920. Ososayensi bezepolitiki bayakholelwa lokho, basuse iziphathimandla zomndeni wakulo kusuka kuma-echelons aphezulu, uhulumeni waseCuba unethemba lokusungula ubudlelwano ne-United States.-Zuzayo
- "Iqhawe laseRiphabhulikhi yaseCuba"
- "Oda maximo gomez"
- "Order of Camilo Sienfuegos"
- "Order" fighter of the impi yenkululeko "
- "Ukulwa komhlaba wonke"
- "I-Olycio Risa"
- "Ubuzalwane Ngezingalo"
- "Ukuhleleka kukaLenin"
- "Ukuhleleka kwe-Okthoba Revolution"
- Indondo "Ekukhumbuzweni kwesikhumbuzo se-100 sokuzalwa kukaVladimir Ilyich Lenin"