I-Biograge
UPhilip Dick, onama-trilogies awo azama ama-aphorisms kanye nezingcaphuno, ekufundeni komhlaba okubizwa ngokuthi ngumbhubhisi wangempela. Umlobi waqamba izindaba zakhe namanoveli ngohlobo olukhethekile: Ngokucophelela ubeka "amaqhawe ajwayelekile" esimweni esingajwayelekile. Umfundi ubheka isenzo sabalingiswa abangena ezweni lezinganekwane zesayensi. Ngokwemisebenzi yalo mbhali, impilo yakhe yangasese igcwele imicimbi ethokozisayo, hhayi ifilimu eyodwa yeHollywood, kanye nama-serials.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wazalelwa edolobheni laseChicago (Illinois, e-USA), lo mcimbi wenzeka ngoDisemba 16, 1928. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uFilip Kitred Dick wazalwa eyingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi, amasonto ayisithupha ngaphambi kwethemu, kanye nodadewabo - amawele kaJane.
Ngeshwa, le ntombazane yafa emavikini ayisithupha. Imbangela yangempela yokufa ayaziwa, kepha uJane wesikhathi eside washona ngenxa yokungondleki. Lo mcimbi omubi wathinteka kakhulu empilweni yombhali: Emisebenzini yakhe kukhona izisusa ze- "Ghost Gemini". Futhi dick konke impilo yakhe i-vinyl yakhe futhi asolwa ngokunganakwa. Ngokubona kwakhe, kufanele basolwe ngokufa kusenesikhathi kwentombazanyana encane kangaka.
Ababelethi uFiliphu, noDorothy noJosefa basebenzela uMnyango Wezolimo wase-United Stand. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi umkhulu nogogo u-Dick ohlwini lukababa kwakukhona i-Ireland.
Kamuva, umndeni wakwaFilip wathuthela endaweni yaseSan Francisco Bay. Lapho umfana eneminyaka emihlanu ubudala, uyise wadluliselwa edolobheni laseReno, eliseNebraska. Umka-Josefa wenqaba ukuya naye, okwakuyimbangela yesehlukaniso. Bobabili abazali balwa ngakwesokunene sokugcinwa kweNdodana, ngesinqumo senkantolo, uFilip wasala nonina.
Ukuphakamisa ingane yakho ezinyaweni zakho, uDorothy wathola umsebenzi wahamba nendodana yaseWashington. Kuleli dolobha, uPhilip wabhaliswa esikoleni samabanga aphansi kaJohn Iton. Noma kunjalo lapho uthisha wesikole wabona ukuthi umfana ukhombisa intshisekelo yokutshela izindaba ze-adventure.
Ehlobo lika-1938, umama nendodana babuyela eCalifornia futhi, futhi ngaleso sikhathi lapho umfana waba nentshisekelo kwinganekwane yesayensi: Wafunda iphephabhuku lokuqala lesayensi yesayensi elivusa isayensi Izindaba zesayensi ngo-1940, eneminyaka eyi-12.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi uPhilip Dick waya esikoleni esiphakeme eBerkeley. Yena kanye nomlobi we-Sci-Fi Books Ursula Le Guin babengamalungu ekilasi lesiqu (1947), kodwa ayengajwayele ngaleso sikhathi. Ngemuva kokuthola isitifiketi semfundo ephakathi, i-Dick yaletha isikhashana e-University of Berkeley.
Into yokufunda
UPhilip Dick waziveza njengombhali wezinganekwane ngawo-1950. UPhilip waqala umsebenzi wakhe ngezindaba ezazinyatheliswa kumamagazini ashibhile e-Boulevard. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, umbhali wathuthukisa isitayela sakhe esiyingqayizivele, esamhlukanisa nozakwabo emsebenzini wokusebenzela. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi ubuqambi bakwaFiliphu baba nethonya elikhulu le-Anthony Burscher, lapho le ndoda yanikezelwa khona umsebenzi wokuthi "ukubulala."
Ngo-1954, kusukela ngaphansi kwepeni, inoveli yakhe yokwakha kabusha eyayibizwa ngokuthi "i-Solar Lottery", kanye nendaba ethandwayo ethi "gorodishko". Ngo-1957, ukufunda umphakathi kwabona incwadi ethi "Amehlo esibhakabhakeni". Naphezu kwempendulo eyakhayo nokubuyekezwa, uDick ngokwakhe waphatha kabi imisebenzi yakhe waze washo ukuthi ngeke asayibhalela. Isikhathi esithile, uPhilip Dick wayethembekile esithembisweni sakhe.
Ngo-1962, uDick washicilela inoveli "indoda esenhlelweni ephakeme". Isakhiwo sezincwadi sidlulisela umfundi wakulo owayengu-United States. Imicimbi yenzeka eminyakeni engu-15 ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe II futhi inqoba ubumbano luka-Adolf Hitler.
Futhi, i-bibliography kaDick yagcwaliswa ngemisebenzi elandelayo: "Kuqubuke isikhathi sokuxhumana ngokuthi", "Dkt.
Ngo-1976, incwadi ethi "Lord of Whath" yashicilelwa. Le noveli yasePostpocalyptic yashicilelwa kanye nomunye umlobi waseMelika - uRoger Zelazny. Umfundi ufunda ngempilo yesintu, eyakwazi ukusinda empini yenuzi. Le ncwadi ichaza uhambo lweTibor McMaster. Umlingiswa ophambili ungumculi futhi ukhubazekile, awunakwezitho zomzimba, ezihambela ezweni elicekeziwe.
Ngo-1968, uPhilip Dick wabhala le noveli "Ingabe ama-Android akwenzayo ngephupho le-electrolytsy?"
Umqondo wenoveli umi kanjena: Isinyathelo senzeka ngo-1992, i-catacoms yaqhubeka isuka emhlabathini ngemuva kweMpi Yezwe. Ukuvikela izakhamizi ezisele ezivela esenzweni sothuli olunemisebe, i-UN inikeza ubuntu ukuhambisa kumakoloni angemuva. Njengebhonasi - abantu bahlinzeka nganoma iyiphi i-Android okufanele bakhethe kuyo.
Ngo-1970, incwadi ethi "ILabyrinth of Death" yashicilelwa, kwathi ngo-1978 Dick washicilela inoveli ebizwa ngokuthi yiValis. Incwadi yokugcina kaPhilip Dick yashicilelwa ngo-1982. Ibizwa ngokuthi "Inkohliso ifakwe".
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ebusika bezincwadi ze-tor tor zoMbhalo ka-2007 zikhishwe umlobi ohlakaniphe kakhulu "izwi elivela emgwaqweni", uDick wabhala emuva ngo-1952-1953.
Uma sikhuluma ngethonya likaPhilip Dick ezincwadini nase-cinema, akutholakalanga kuye njengomunye wabantu ababonakalayo abaphambili bobuchwepheshe besimanje. Uma ngaphambili umsebenzi wombhali ubenesifiso sabafundi abathanda izinganekwane zesayensi, bese kuthi ngemuva kwefilimu iRidley Scott, igama lomlobi lifunde cishe wonke umhlaba wemboni yamafilimu.
Futhi, izincwadi zakhe zavikelwa nguPaul Verkhovlen ("khumbula konke"), uJohn Wu ("ihora lesibili"), uStephen Spielberg ("Umbono okhethekile"). Kuyaziwa ukuthi iRichard Linklater isuse isithombe se- "Clouds", lapho izindima eziyinhloko zenziwa nguKeanu Rivz kanye ne-WinOn Rider.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ukuphila komuntu siqu uPhilip Dick kunzima, umbhali washada amahlandla ayisihlanu, futhi umshado wakhe wokugcina wahlukana ngo-1976. Unkosikazi wesithathu utshele engxoxweni yokuthi uFiliphu wayevame ukukhumbula ukushona kukadadewabo.
Futhi, kusukela e-biography yomlobi, kuyaziwa ukuthi ebuntwaneni wahlushwa i-agoraphobia, waphinde wavakashela imibono. Yonke le micimbi yaboniswa emsebenzini wayo.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuphila kukaPhilip Dick, amahlandla amathathu afika esibhedlela sezengqondo ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwe-narcotic, lapho odokotela abaya khona basabela kuye ngokuthi "ubungane".
Ukushona
NgoMashi 23, 1972, uDick wazama ukuzibulala ngenxa yokudangala, kodwa kwasinda isimangaliso. Umlobi ushone ngoMashi 2, 1982. Imbangela yokufa komlobi kungunhlangothi.I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1950 - "Isikhathi Sokubuthana"
- 1952 - "Izwi elivela emgwaqweni"
- 1953 - "I-Volcano Hammer"
- 1953 - "" Ikusasa Lokwakha "
- 1953 - "Puppets of the Universe"
- 1957 - "Izikhala Zendawo"
- 1954 - "I-Solar Lottery"
- 1954 - "Umhlaba owakha uJones"
- 1955 - "OCO Azulwini"
- Ngo-1968 - "Ukufa Labyrinth"