I-Biograge
UHenrik IBSEN igama lokuqala ukuthi wonke umuntu wesiko azowakhumbula ngokushesha nje lapho emayelana nezincwadi zeNorway. Kepha umsebenzi we-IBSEN akaseyona eyaseNorway, kodwa ifa lomhlaba. Ukuvuselela ukuvuselelwa kwesiko lamaNorway, nokucwaswa kwelapha i-forklore, i-playwright yashiya izwe lakubo iminyaka engamashumi amabili nesikhombisa. Idlalwa, ngemuva kwalokho iBersen athole ukuqashelwa komhlaba wonke, yadalwa eJalimane nase-Italy. Futhi izinhlamvu ze-IBSEN, eziqhutshwa ngumlobi ngohlaka oluqinile lwesakhiwo, zazihlala ziphila.Ubuntwana nentsha
Emndenini ocebile wase-IBSENENOV ngoMashi 20, 1828, kwazalelwa umfana ababanikeza igama elithi Herrik. Ngo-1836, umndeni wakwa-Ibsenov wagibela, kwadingeka ukuthi abeke yonke impahla ukuba akhokhe nabakweletwayo.
Ukushintshwa okunjalo kwesikhundla senhlalo kubuhlungu ukushaya i-henry encane. Futhi ngaphambili hhayi ukwehlukaniswa yizobudlelwano, umfana wavalwa ngokuphelele eMISMA yakhe. Ithalente eliqhakaza libonakalisiwe - e-Gymnasium, iBorsen yaqala ukujabulisa imicabango, kwesinye isikhathi enethalente, ngamazwi.
ENorway, makube neminyaka engama-400 yi-Danish Colony, bakwazi nokufunda abampofu. Kepha uHenry kwadingeka athole imali esikhundleni sokufunda. Abazali abaneminyaka engu-15 verty, ngonyaka we-1843 bathumela edolobhaneni elingumakhelwane kaGrimstad, lapho waba ngumfundi wosokhemisi.
Umsebenzi ekhemisi awuzange uphazamise umsebenzi, ngokuhlukile, umphefumulo odinga ukuzibona. Ngenxa yamavesi, ama-epigram nama-caricature kwizakhamizi kuya kwa-1847 uHerrik wathola ukuthandwa kusuka ebusheni obuhle bukaBrimstad.
Ngemuva kwemicimbi yezinguquko eYurophu, ngo-1848, iBorsen yathatha izingoma zezepolitiki futhi yabhala umdlalo wokuqala "Catina", obekungathandwa.
Into yokufunda
Ngo-1850, insizwa yaya ebuKristwini (njenge-Oslo ibizwa nge-Oslo kuze kube ngu-1924) ukungena eyunivesithi, kepha indawo yokufunda yathathwa yimisebenzi yengozi: Ukufundisa ngeSonto School of Working Association, umbhikisho, ukubambisana nephephandaba elisebenzayo kanye nejenali yomfundi.
Kwaphela iminyaka emithathu, kwabhalwa imidlalo emithathu, futhi ngasikhathi sinye ngeBjornistne Björnnson - i-PlayWright, iThalakIcal kanye nomphakathi. U-IBSEN washeshe weza naye, ngoba bobabili bakholwa esidlweni soMhloli Wokuzihlola Kazwelonke WamaNorway.
Ngo-1852, inhlanhla yaphenduka ubuso nomnumzane wokwenza umdlandla - iBorsen yamenyelwa eBergen, eTheatre yaseNorway yaseNorway, lapho ayesebenza khona njengoMqondisi wezobuciko kuze kube ngu-1857. Imidlalo emisha ye-Ibsen yasheshe yathola isibonakaliso sesiteji, futhi futhi kwaba nethuba lokufunda cuisine yeshashalazi, okuvunyelwe ngokungalingani ukukhulisa amakhono amahle.
Kusukela ngo-1857 kuya ku-1862, i-IBSEN yaholwa yimidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseNorway eChristiania futhi yalwa nethiyetha lamaKhristu, lapho okwenziwe khona kwafakwa khona ngesiDanishi, futhi abalingisi bebelokhu banaka ngokuphelele. Yebo, kunjalo, akazange ame ukudala, lapho ebhala umdlalo, ukuthatha ama-sagas aseNorway. Ngo-1863, lapho uHerrik Ibsen wayeseshiye eposini, lezi zinto zomizisha yaseshashalazini ezihlanganiswe zibe munye, kanti nokwenza manje kwadlula kuphela ngesiNorway.
Umsebenzi onesivunguvungu we-playwight waba nesifiso sokuphila ekuchumeni, enezinga lenhlalo efanelekile, kubandakanya ukuqashelwa komphakathi. Lapha, ngokungangabazeki, kuthinteke ubuntwana obunzima. Eminyakeni eyodwa nengxenye, iBOSEN yafuna umlobi womlobi ovela ekujuleni (iPhalamende laseNorway).
Ekugcineni, wathola okufiselekayo ngo-1864, ngosizo lwabangane, u-IBEN nomndeni wakhe washiya izwe lakubo wahlala e-Italy. Lapho-ke iminyaka emibili yadala imidlalo emibili, "brand" kanye "ne-gunt ngayinye", itshalwe kuwo wonke umphefumulo, konke okuqoqiwe, okubalulekile nokubhala.
I- "Feather Gunta" UDanes noNorway babona kabi. UHans Christian Aresen waphendula ngokudlala njengomsebenzi omubi kakhulu, owake wafunda. Wasindisa isimo solwig. Futhi - U-Edward Grieg, owabhala umculo ku-Google Play "perpunt" ngesicelo se-Playwright.
Umsebenzi owengeziwe we-IBOSN wawela amanethiwekhi aseNorway Saga eqondiswa amaqiniso. Ubuciko be-Drama "Indlu yePuppet", "Izipoki", "Duck yasendle", "I-Build Soless" neminye imidlalo isho ngezinkinga zenhlalo.
Isibonelo, idrama "ye-puppet house" yakulula emicimbini yangempela. Isihloko esikhulu somsebenzi "Umbuzo Wesifazane", kepha hhayi kuphela isikhundla sabesifazane emphakathini esibhekiswe. Sikhuluma ngenkululeko yomuntu wonke. I-prototype yomlingiswa oyinhloko kwakunguLaura Kieler - umlobi owayengubangane no-Ibsen, empeleni, eluleka intombazane eneminyaka engu-19 ubudala ukuba ihlanganyele ezincwadini.
Ku-bibliography kaHenrick IBSEN, umfundi ngeke athole amanoveli amanoveli noma izindaba - izinkondlo kuphela, izinkondlo nemidlalo. Akazange ashiye i-playwright ne-diaries. Kepha imidlalo ingena esikhwameni seGolide se-World Dramaturgy. Izincwadi ezinemisebenzi ye-IBSEN zishicilelwa ngezilimi ezahlukahlukene, futhi ama-aphorisms awo adlule kubantu.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-IBSEN encane yayinguThimby nabesifazane. Noma kunjalo, uHenry wayenenhlanhla yokuhlangana noSusanna Tiasesen. Indodakazi enamandla kampristi ka-Israyeli yaba ngumfazi kaJehova, kwathi ngonyaka we-1859 yazala indodana ye-IBSEN esikhundleni se-IBSEN - uSigurd.
UHerrik IBSEN akakaze athinteke emahlangeni ahambisana nempilo yomuntu siqu. Imvelo yokudala - abantu abathanda futhi othandweni, futhi i-IBSEN ayifani. Kepha naphezu kwalokhu, uSusanna wahlala yena kuphela wafa.
Ukushona
Ngo-1891, siba edumile eYurophu, i-IBSEN ibuyile izixhumanisi zokuzithandela ezathatha iminyaka engama-27. EChristiania, uHerrik waphila iminyaka engu-15, waba nesikhathi sokubhala imidlalo emine yokugcina. NgoMeyi 23, ngo-1906, ngemuva kokugula kakhulu okunzima, i-biography of the wase-Orwegian yokudlala yaqedwa.
Iqiniso elijabulisayo latshelwa inkunzi kaDkt Edward. Ngaphambi kokushona kuka-Iyen, izihlobo zahlangana egumbini lakhe, futhi umhlengikazi waphawula ukuthi namuhla isiguli sibukeka kangcono. I-PlayWright ithe ngokucacile:
"Ngokuphambene nalokho!" - Wafa.Amacaphuna
"Abantu abaningi bayafa, ngakho-ke futhi ngeke baphile. Ngenhlanhla yazo, abayiboni nje. "Ukuze bane, bazimisele ngalesi simo." "" Abanye abantu balwa kakhulu ngomhlaba abanye ngandlela thile bafuna ukuba khona . "I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1850 - "Catina"
- Ngo-1850 - "Bogatyr Kurgan"
- Ngo-1852 - "" noma uthando lwezepolitiki "
- Ngo-1853 - I-Ivanov Night
- Ngo-1855 - "I-Fru Inger evela ku-Estro
- Ngo-1856 - "Pier in Subelauga"
- Ngo-1856 - "Amaqhawe eHelgerda"
- Ngo-1857 - "U-Ulaf Lilyekrans"
- Ngo-1862 - "Amahlaya Othandekayo"
- Ngo-1863 - "Lwela isihlalo sobukhosi"
- Ngo-1866 - "Brand"
- Ngo-1867 - "I-GUNG ngayinye"
- Ngo-1869 - "Union of Thebusha"
- Ngo-1873 - I-Dilegy "KaKhesari neGalilein"
- Ngo-1877 - "Izinsika zenkampani"
- Ngo-1879 - "I-Puppet House"
- 1881 - "Izipoki"
- 1882 - "Isitha Sabantu"
- Ngo-1884 - "Duck yasendle"
- Ngo-1886 - Rosmerserson
- Ngo-1888 - "Owesifazane ovela olwandle"
- Ngo-1890 - "I-Gedda Gabler"
- Ngo-1892 - "I-Salnes Builder"
- Ngo-1894 - "I-Ayolfe encane"
- Ngo-1896 - "Yun Gabriel Borkman"
- Ngo-1899 - "Lapho thina, abafileyo, siyavuka"