I-Biograge
UJean Coctet wabizwa ngokuthi yi-French Version of Oscar Wilde: Ukuzijabulisa okufanayo kwezocansi, ikhabethe elicebile kanye nenani elikhulu lama-aphorisms anezimpande. Umlobi kanye nomqondisi wokuphaphamanale kakhulu empilweni yamasiko e-paris, wacwilisa e-surrealism ne-Dadaism, wazama ngoshintsho ekwazisweni - nge-hypnotic trans-opium namaphupho okumele aveze. UJean wakukhipha ngokwedlulele ngokwedlulele, kodwa wahlala waba ngumdwebi onamandla owazama ukuthola izimpendulo zemibuzo yaphakade.Ubuntwana nentsha
UJean wazalelwa edolobheni laseMeson-luffit ngaphansi kweParis emndenini wabantu avikelekile, eguquguqukayo futhi enobuciko. Ubaba, owenze umsebenzi wemisebenzi, wapenda kahle ezingeni lama-amateur. Lapho indodana ineminyaka engu-9 ubudala, yaletha i-Abacus ngokuphila. Umcimbi wokujula komphefumlo wethuka uJean omncane, ngokuzayo uzokubiza ngokuthi "isithandwa sami" futhi uzokwenza lesi sihloko senkanyezi emisebenzini eminingi.
Umkhulu wayekhuliswa futhi ekwakheka ingane, enquma umzukulu kwelinye lama-metropolitan lyceums ahamba phambili. Le ndoda yahamba iConnoisseur of Music, yahlelwa emakhonsathini asekhaya, ibingumqoqi - kufaka phakathi umhlangano wezinsimbi zomculo, imidwebo ka-Ezhen Delacroix kanye noJean Engra, kanye nezithombe zesiGreek.
Ukudala
UJean COCTEO nge-Frevor ecwilisa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zobuciko. Izame iqhaza lembongi neprosesa, uMculi kanye nomculi, bazama amabutho e-cinema.
I-Creative Biography yeKoketo ikakhulukazi inkondlo. Njengoba imbongi yenza i-shust yakhe ngo-1906, izinkondlo zokuqala zesibani "," Prince othukuthele "," kuphuma umdanso we-sofoka ". Izinkondlo Umbhali wabheka isisekelo sobuciko, amaqoqo angena kulo lonke impilo. Izincwadi ezaziwa kakhulu - "Dictionary", "Leon", "isigqi sesiGreek".
Eqoqweni elithi "Opera", imbongi inikeza intela ku-surrealism, futhi izinhloso ze-Dadasm zilandelwa emavesini. Lapho kushona ilanga lokuphila, uJean COCTEO wabonakala sengathi ungumqambi wokunakekelwa okusheshayo, njengoba wadala inkondlo ethi "Requiem" ngonyaka ngaphambi kokufa, ehlanganiswe nemikhombandlela eyinhloko yokwakheka kombhali.
Emibuthanweni yobuciko, kwafika insizwa maphakathi nawo-1910. Ngajwayelana futhi ngasondela eMarseille Pristo, Pablo Picasso, Eric Sati, Edith Piaf. Kuze kube yileso sikhathi, uJean waphonsa ebuciko obuhle, kodwa ngaphansi kwethonya likaPrut noSergey Dyagileev baqala ukubuyekeza imibono. Umlobi kanye nomlingisi weshashalazi obizwa ngeCocteo ukuthi asebenze nge-ballet yaseRussia. Ngenxa yalokho, uJean wabhala i-Libretto yaleli qembu. Ukufana, imisebenzi yazalelwa ukusebenza kwezinye izinto zeshashalazi.
Ngo-1913, uJean wajwayelana nomsebenzi ka-Igor Stravinsky, waze wangena embuthanweni wabangane bomqambi odumile. Eminyakeni emihlanu kamuva wanikezela u-Igor Mikhailovich incwadi ethi "Potab".
Ukubamba iqhaza kwidrama akuzange kuthinti ngaphandle kwamahlazo. I-Cockto imake ekuqaleni kokwakheka kokwenziwa kohlobo olusha, okwakukhombisa imizwa "yesizukulwane esilahlekile", futhi wonke amasiko anqatshiwe. Ngakho-ke, eTandem nge-eccentric sati kanye nePicasso, uJean ngonyaka we-1917 wethule i-valte ye-avant-garde ye-avant-garde ". Ngokokuqala ngqa kwiposta, igama elithi surrealism lavela. Kwasetshenziswa izakhi zemidlalo nama-acrobatics.
Ukucabanga ngomlobi kwakhiwa ngaphansi kwethonya le-SATI. UKOKETO obizwa ngokuthi ngumqambi weComposer ulula futhi uyaqondakala, uthando lomculi luboniswe encwadini ethi "Rooster noHarlequin." Kodwa-ke, ngama-20s, ama-avant-garders asegxekile endabeni ethi "shayela i-oda".
UJean wahlatshwa umxhwele izinganekwane zakudala, waqala ukubhala kabusha iziza ze- "antigona", "i-tsar edip", "imoto ye-hellish" eya ngendlela entsha. Okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokusho kwabaphenyi, kwakuyinganekwane yaphezulu. Lokhu kudlala yisiqu sobuciko bombhali.
Ngasikhathi sinye, imbongi ibuye iphenduke isigcawu - umsebenzi wokuqala waba yinoveli ethi "Samozvanaya Toma", lapho uJean ahlanganyela khona okuvelayo eMpini Yezwe Yokuqala. Iqiniso Elijabulisayo: Azikho izinto ezinjalo emibhalweni yakhe ohlwini lolo hlu oluzohlukahlukana - izingqikithi nezithombe zizulazula encwadini. Kodwa-ke, ukusungulwa kwendlu kufanelekile ukuthi inoveli ethi "Izingane Ezimbi" (1929), lapho amaqhawe afa khona, futhi akukho thuba lokungaphezu kwe- "Green Paradise Yezingane."
Ngaphambi kweMpi Yezwe II, isiteshi sesiginali esikhanyayo esiqeshini 'sokunganaki kahle' esizinikezele ku-Edith Piaf. Induna yokudlala yenzeke eshashalazini le- "Buff-Parisen". Ngesikhathi sempi namaNazi, uJean wazihlukanisa eqinisweni lokuthi uzwela umemezele ngozwela ngoHitler waze wenzela abahlali. Edayareni wabhala:
"EHitler, sinembongi enganikezwanga ukuqonda abantu abanengqondo."Ngokuvamile, phakathi nekhodi yomhlaba yesibili, wasebenza izithelo, esededele izincwadi ezimbili futhi wabeka amapuleti amahlanu.
Embuthanweni wezintshisakalo ze-Frenchman kufakwe umdwebo. Wazibonakalisa njengohlelo olunethalente. Ekuqaleni kwama-20s, i-albhamu yamakhiwane kaJean, eyaqala ngokuthi:
"Izimbongi azipendi. Kubukeka sengathi kubhalwa phansi umbhalo wabo futhi baphinde bakubophe ngenye indlela. "UCoco ngokuqhathaniswa nomdwebo nomlobi - wazama ukudlulisela ephepheni engabonwanga, kepha enolwazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe. Iphumelele ikakhulukazi ngohlobo lwe-Portrait Portrait.
Kwakuku-Life of Jean Kokto eyodwa ebaluleke kakhulu anikeze amandla nemizwa. Le yi-cinema. Indoda ngokwayo yabhala izimo futhi ngokwakhe wenza umqondisi. Isithombe sokuqala segazi lembongi sasuswa ngo-1930, sibeka ukuqala kwe-trilogy esihlokweni senganekwane mayelana nomculi kanye nembongi yethanga. Izenzo ze-legend zahlupheka njengamanje.
Ngemuva kwalokho ngahlala phansi engxenyeni yomqondisi kuphela ngemuva kwempi. Umlobi wadala ifilimu ngokususelwa ku-Fairy Tale "Ubuhle nesilo", amema izindima eziyinhloko zosuku lukaJozette noJean Mare. Ifilimu lifakazelwa imidwebo "ukhozi olunamakhanda amabili", "bazali asabekayo", kanye nokuqhubeka kwe-trilogy "Orpheus" ne- "Orphea Testa". Itheyipu yokugcina iyaphawuleka ukuthi lokhu kungumfanekiso womlobi futhi kuxhaswe ngemali esekelwa nguFrancois Truffo, othandekayo we-cokto.
Umqondisi wedlula kulolo kholo lwedrama eqinisweni lokuthi izibuko ziyi-portal kwezinye izilinganiso, zisize ekutholeni isikhathi nendawo. Isithombe sika-Orpheus safaka i-jean mare efanayo efanayo. Iqhawe lihlala endlini yezwe nenkosikazi yakhe ethandekayo i-Eridic, okuyinto uMarie DEA ayadlala.
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokushona kukaJean kwaletha ifilimu lokugcina. Baba umlayezo omfushane "umyalezo kaJean Cocteau, obhekiswe kuye ngo-2000." Umlobi uwukuphela komlingiswa wesithombe, odlulayo ezizukulwaneni ezizayo ngenkulumo. Lapha waphinda wakhombisa amandla okukhuluma kahle. Ujwayelene futhi abangane bathi uJean wakhuluma kangcono kunawo wonke umuntu eFrance.
Inzalo ishiye umlobi kanye nencwadi kaMemoir Essays "izinkumbulo ezivelele" (1935), lapho uKoketo ukhuluma ngemidwebo yeminyaka emincane, udonsela imidwebo yabalingisi besehlakalo seParis nabalobi abadumile. Ufanisa impilo 'ngokusebenza okuhle' futhi ajabule ngokuthi kwenzeka ukuthi ungumuntu obambelayo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu Jean Cockt ayikaze ifihle, wayeyi-bisexual. Iminyaka emibili yayihlala nomlingisi waseRussia uNatalia Palei. I-Loverance enkulu yenzeka kumlobi osemusha okhazimulayo uRemon Radia, khona-ke kuze kube sekufeni kwakhiwa ubudlelwano noJean Mare.
Indaba yothando lomlobi nomlingisi waqala ngo-1937 - Lo mbhangqwana wahlangana eParis Theatre "Atelier", lapho ayelungiselela khona ifa lokudlala kukaJean "King Edip". UMare wanqoba umlobi ngobuhle futhi wavunywa ngokushesha endimeni eyinhloko.
Ngenxa yokuxhaswa kwe-Patron, uMare waphenduka umlingisi odumile. I-COCTEO enikelwe izinkondlo ezithandekayo, imidwebo ependiwe, ebandakanyeka ekwenzeni kwakhe namafilimu.
Umlobi wayengumlutha wezidakamizwa we-opium, ebusheni bakhe babhema amashubhu ayishumi nambili ngale nto. Ngezwa umKatolika oqinisekisiwe.
Ukushona
I-Jean cockt yafa ngokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo phakathi kwekwindla ka-1963. Ngangcwaba umbhali noMqondisi esontweni leSaint-Blaze de Symple ekudleni kweMiyi la.Ngokufa, uJean wakulungiselela kahle: Kwakhiwa ngokukhethekile ama-frescoes, abekelwe eduze komngcwazi, akhethe i-epitaph - "ngihlala nawe." Isimo sengcaphuno siveza ukuqiniseka kwakhe: UKokto ukholelwa ukuthi uhlala emhlabeni kaningi nangemva kokufa nakanjani uzobuya.
NgoNovemba 2011, umnyuziyamu eMefulon wavula udumo lukaJean.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1918 - "I-Rooster neHarlequin"
- Ngo-1919 - "Potomac"
- Ngo-1923 - "Ukuphelelwa nguTom"
- 1926 - "Shayela i-oda"
- 1929 - "Izingane Ezimbi"
- Ngo-1935 - "Ama-Portraits-Memories"
- Ngo-1962 - "Requiem"