I-Biograge
Ubuhle base-Italian abanama-curls wegolide, ophikisana naye uLeonardo da Vinci kanye noColumbus, indodakazi engekho emthethweni uPapa Pope, pawn kumdlalo wezepolitiki womndeni wakhe. Lona wonke umuntu wesifazane ofanayo - uLucretia Borgia.Ubuntwana nentsha
Indodakazi engekho emthethweni kaHardinal Rodrigo Borgia yazalwa ngo-Ephreli 18, 1480 eDolobheni lase-Italy elingaphansi kwezwe. Unina kwakungumuntu othanda uCardinal Vanozza dei Catanei, okwakuyiminyaka eyishumi nanhlanu yokuxhumana wabeletha uBorgia amadodana amathathu - uCesare noGiovanni endodakazini yakhe noJoffrey ngemuva kwazo. Ngokusemthethweni, zonke izingane zikaKhadinali zazithathwa njengemishana zayo.
Mayelana ne-Lucration Yengane Yaziwa kancane. Intombazane yasuswa kumama futhi yanika umzala kuYise. U-Adriana de Mila, ngasikhathi sinye, washada ngempumelelo ummeleli we-Orsini Clan, ngesikhathi ayesengumfelokazi. Uthisha osuka ku-anti angu-anti abe yinhle: le ntombazane yayinezilimi eziningana, ihlanganiswe nezobuciko, yadansa kahle, ithanda umlando ne-alchemy.
Intombazane, kusuka emvelweni enhle, yachuma ekuseni. Kwakunamahlebezi okuthi abazalwane abadala babupha kona nothando lwayo. Abantu ababehlatshelwa ukwengeza okuhle kakhulu, ukwakheka kwempumulo, izinwele zegolide, amazinyo amhlophe kanye nentamo enhle yentombazane, ukungakhohlwa ukusho ukumamatheka kwakhe njalo kanye nomlingiswa ojabule.
Manje akekho ongasho ngokuzethemba, ukuthi incazelo enjalo yeqiniso. Izazi-mlando nezazi-mlando zobuciko zivame ukukholelwa ukuthi imidwebo ethembekile yeLucretia ebhalwe empilweni yakhe, yaphawula ukuthi eminye imidwebo yamakhosi ebhulashi mhlawumbe ibonisa izimfanelo zayo.
Eminyakeni engu-13, uLucretia uthole amahlandla amabili, kepha ukubandakanyeka akuphelanga ngomshado.
Ndodakazi uPape Rimsky
Ngo-1492, uKhadinali Borgia waba upapa roman futhi kusukela manje, u-Alexander VI ogama lakhe lingu. Ngemuva kwalokho waqala ukukhohlisa iLucreta, eyaba ngohlamvu lwemali olushintshanayo ekuthengisweni kwezepolitiki kwe-Renaissance Era. Indodakazi kaPapa (namahemuhemu ngokweba kwakhe ayengaqhutshwanga) - ucezu oluqinile lokuthola izikhwebu ezivela e-aristocracy, kanye neBordzhia Clan, eyaziwa ngokuthi ayinciphisiwe ngezindlela, ikujabulele.
Imidlwane kaPapa noMfoweth 'uCesare Bordjia, uLucretia weza eshada kathathu. Imishado yaqedwa noGiovanni Sforza, uDuke Pesaro, u-Araphono Aragon, uDuke waseBisher, uPrince Salerno, kanye no-Alfonso D'Esta, Prince Ferrarsky.
Kukholakala ukuthi le ntombazane ijabule emshadweni nomyeni wesibili, iBastarda King Naples. Kepha injabulo ayilutho uma kukhulunywa ngezepolitiki, ikakhulukazi injabulo yomunye umuntu. Ngokuhleleka kwe-cesare, u-Alfonso wabulawa lapho nje engasizi ngalutho ukuba eBorgia.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi le ntombazane evela emndenini ononya futhi inomunyu ongenamikhono yayingumnene, kepha azikho imininingwane ethembekile yokuthi uLucretia wabandakanyeka ngqo ezindabeni zezihlobo. Ungakhohlwa ngesikhundla sabesifazane abasekhulwini le-XV Century.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1493, uGiovanni SAFASA, umzala womzala wombusi uMilan, owayeneminyaka engu-26, eLucretia, wathola ama-tucretia abalingani bakhe, futhi abe nama-dumo akhe ayizinkulungwane ezingama-31 nendawo empini ye-papal. Unkosikazi oneminyaka engu-13 ubudala wayethathwa njengengakavuthwa ekwenzeni isikweletu somshado, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni kwakungekho ubudlelwane obusondelene phakathi kwabasanda kushada. Mhlawumbe akwenzekanga futhi.
Ngo-1497, i-Union of Borgia ne-sforza bayeka ukuba khona ngokungadingekile - ukuhambisana kwamandla enkundleni yezepolitiki kushintshe kakhulu. UPapa wagcizelela ekuqashelweni komshado wendodakazi yakhe engasebenzi ngenxa yokuntuleka kwabathengi bayo.
Iqiniso lokuthi umyeni akakwazanga ukwenza umfazi owesifazane eminyakeni ephakathi nendawo ayeseyisizathu esibalulekile sesehlukaniso. ICorfonkha Clan yagcizelela ukuthi uGiovanni ukuqinisekisile ukuthi inguqulo kaPapa, futhi umshado wachithwa ekugcineni kuka-1497. Emva kwalokho, uSforza waqala ukuncibilikisa amahlebezi ngokuxhumeka kweLucretia noYise.
I-Borgia yoSousen ngenqubo ehlukaniswe ngokwephule yafunga lelo ntombi. Kepha entwasahlobo yango-1498, bakhuluma ngokuzalwa kwengane yentombazane. Enye yezinto ezingaba khona "ezingokwemvelo" yabizwa ngokuthi uPedro Calledon (naye uPerotto), owayesebenza njengenxusa phakathi kukababa neLucretia, lapho esesigodleni saseSt. STIKS. Kodwa-ke, kusukela kusithandangu okungenzeka kwasusa masinyane ingane, uma eyayikhona, umama akazange anikeze, futhi uLucretia waphinde wakhipha ushadile.
NgoJuni 1498, u-Alfonso Aragonian waba umyeni wakhe womyeni wakhe. Ngemuva konyaka, ubungani bakaBorgia nabaseFrance buxwayisa inkosi yaseNaples, no-Alfonso washiya umkakhe, isikhashana. Ama-evrations kababa wabe esenika inqaba kaNeli futhi etshalwe esihlalweni sombusi wedolobhana laseSpoleto. Le ntombazane ikhombise ithalente lomphathi kanye nezepolitiki - ngesikhathi esifushane setha ubudlelwano phakathi kweSpoleto neTernni, bajabulele omunye komunye.
I-Union nomqhele weNeapolitan, owayenesikhundla esinikela kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi, waba yi-CESAre ize. Okokuqala, iNaples Bastard yathathwa emgwaqweni, kodwa, lapho isithole uchungechunge lokulimala kommese, u-Alfonso wasinda. Unkosikazi wayezama ukukubeka ezinyaweni zakhe cishe ngenyanga, kepha ababulali bafika eSiseni - baklebhula embhedeni. ULucretia kwadingeka azuze uBaba eVatican - ukuphendula ngezincwadi lapho ubaba engekho. Ngemuva kwalokho wathola inqaba ye-SMMETE.
Ngo-1502, uPapa uthole iphathi ye-Lucration enenzuzo enkulu ukwedlula amadoda adlule, i-AlphoonO d'Esthe, indlalifa eDuke Ferrara. U-Alexander VI wahlela inyunyana ngeFerrara vs Vinerice. Ekuqaleni, ubaba nendodana benqabile endodakazini kapapa, bashada nomthendeli wakhe emyeni wakhe wokuqala nangoma enomntwana ongemuva. Kepha idumela lokonakalisiwe laguqula ithonya likaLouis XII futhi lakhiwa ngamanani amaba ayizinkulungwane eziyikhulu.
Kamuva, uLucreta wakwazi ukunqoba indawo enhle yomyeni wakhe kanye nomkhwekazi wakhe. Lapho u-Alexander VI eshonile ngo-1503, umshado ulahlekelwe yinhloso yezepolitiki, kodwa waze washona eBorgia ehlala umkakhe u-D'Esta, yize anikelwe ukuyisusa.
Ngo-1503, uLucretia waba yimbongi ethandekayo uPietro Btembo Btembo. Mhlawumbe, babengenalo uthando lothando, kepha kwakukhona izincwadi zethenda. Omunye wabesifazane abathandekayo baba Francesco Gonaga, uMarquis Mantui, kuze kube sekufeni kwakhe ngo-1519. Mhlawumbe wayengumthandi weLucretia, kepha uma kuyiqiniso, uBorgia waya engcupheni enkulu.
U-Alfonso ngo-1505 waba uDuke ngemuva kokushona kukayise futhi wayevame ukushiya uDuke. Futhi i-Duchess yahlala ingaqashi, yenza izindaba zeFerrara ngosizo lwamadivayisi, i-Ippolito ye-Cardinal. Ndoda, njengakuqala, uBaba, anikeze intela yamathalenta okuphatha aseLucretia futhi amethemba lo mlingani. Futhi hhayi ngeze - inqaba yamaDukes Este yayithathwa njengegceke elihle. I-Lucretia ekhonjwe nge-poers nabaculi, yasungulwa isigodlo sezindela sasemafaya eFerrara nenhlangano enikela.
Izingane
Ingxenye yokukhulelwa kweLucretia yaphela ngezinto ezingezinhle, izingane eziningana zafa ziseyizinsana. Uhlu lwezingane, olwaziyo ngokuthi iziphi izizukulwane ezizoqala ngalo ukuthinta le ndodakazi kaPapa nenceku yakhe - uGiovanni Borgiai, u-Alexander VI owayibona ngasese.
UDuke wowesifazane waseBishelse wabeletha indodana uRodrigo, kodwa, wajoyina umshado wesithathu, washiya umfana emndenini kaYise. Ingane yaphila iminyaka engu-13.
Ezinye izingane zivele emshadweni no-D'Eeste. Amazibulo a-Alessandro afa ngonyaka ubudala, wabe esenentombazane eyazalwa. Ngo-1508, u-Alfonso wavela indlalifa ku-Ercole II D'Esta. Ngemuva kwakhe, ippolito II yazalwa, kamuva eyaba ngumbhishobhi omkhulu kaMilan noKhadinali, u-Alessandro (waphila iminyaka emi-2), uLeonora, noFrancesco no-Isabella Maria, oshonile ngosuku lwakhe lwesibili.
Ukushona
ULucretia wabonakala sengathi akalindele ukufa kwakhe. Ngaphambi nje kokuphela kwe-biography yakhe, amaDuchess ayevame ukuba nesikhathi eside ethempelini, enza inkomba yempahla namatshe ayigugu, abhala ngayo intando, lapho ama-FERRARS asho khona.
NgoJuni 1519, iLucretia, ukukhulelwa okukhathele, kwaqala ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi. NgoJuni 14, kwavela intombazane engakabi ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kwathi ngoJuni 24, 1519, uLucretia oneminyaka engu-39 waseBorgia washona esibhedlela somama. Ngamngcwaba esigodlweni sezindela zaseDomini Corps.
ILucretia Borgia ngobuciko
Ezincwadini eziningi namafilimu indodakazi kaPapa Roman - umfanekiso wobubi. Ngezikhathi ezithile, kubangelwa isisulu, ku-pawn ezandleni zikaRodney. UViktor Hugo ngo-1833 wabhala umdlalo "Lucretia Borgia", ngokususelwa lapho uGaetano Dyzetti aqamba khona i-Opera ngonyaka ofanayo. Ngenxa yeHugo, abafundi bafunde le ndaba yeLucreta, ecebiswe yinganekwane yombhali.
Umbhali wakhuluma ngokuzalwa kweLucretia eneminyaka engu-11 ubudala eGiviretia evela kuMfoweth 'uGiovanni, ngosizo lowesifazane okhipha okungafuneki, lokho eFerraré, umyeni wakhe wamgcina ejele.
Abalobi kamuva ababehlanganisa amanoveli ngomndeni wakwaBorgia, bathokozela ngentokozo nge-Hugo version futhi bayinamahloni ngendlela yabo. ILucretia isebenza njengohlobo lwemisebenzi kaFriedrich Klinger, u-Alexander Duma, uLouis Gastidis, uJean Puzo nabanye.
I-Connereabile ayikwazanga ukudlula isithombe esikhanyayo seLucretia. Uhlu olukhulu lwamafilimu nemibukiso ye-TV, lapho kusukela ngo-1922, indodakazi kaPapa Roma Roman ifaka abalingisi abavela ku-Ava Gardner ukuya eMarina Kazankovoy. Esithombeni ngesimo se-Lucration, zonke zihlukile, kepha zinhle okufanayo.
Umndeni weBorgia omakwe ngisho nasemidlalweni yamakhompiyutha - "Isivumokholo sika-Assassin: ubuzalwane" kanye ne- "Assassin's Creed II".