I-Biograge
U-Areta Louise Franklin ungumculi waseMelika owenza izingoma ezitangeni ezinesigqi-eziphelele-blues, umphefumulo nevangeli. Okwezincwadi ezinamandla neziguquguqukayo, indlovukazi yomphefumlo yadaywe, noma umphefumulo we-lady. Empumelelweni yakhe, akazange anganikephi lutho uFreddie Mercury, noma uWhitney Houston: Ngo-1987, u-Areta waba ngowesifazane wokuqala, ogama lakhe lalibhalwe phansi ehholo leNkazimulo Rock, futhi ngo-2008 lalibhalwa ehholo elikhulu kunabo bonke emlandweni.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Areta Franklin wazalwa ngoMashi 25, 1942 eMemphis, eTennessee, emkhayeni wompristi noMncedi. Uyise u-Clarens wayeyisikhulumi esimangalisayo, futhi umama kaBarbara ungowesifazane omuhle futhi onothando, kepha ubudlelwano bomndeni abuzange bube. Abazali babopha njalo baxabana njalo, futhi ekugcineni lapho intombazane ineminyaka eyisithupha, isehlukanisile. Ngemuva kwalokho umndeni wakwaFranklin wahlala eDetroit, eMichigan. Akafuni ukuhlala edolobheni elingathandwa, uBarbara waphonsa amadodakazi amabili namadodana amathathu kumyeni wakhe futhi wasuka eNew York.
Eminyakeni eyi-10, umcibisheli omncane wembule ithalente ekuculeni. Ubaba wakhe, obona lokhu, waletha le ntombazane kwaya ekwabeni yesonto. Enye izwi lezingane elingaboshelwe laheha abantu abavela kulo lonke idolobha. UClaire wayeyinkosi yebhizinisi lakhe futhi afunde izintshumayelo ezingena ngaphakathi, kodwa bathi iparele lesonto leBaptist Baptist - Areta.
Ngo-1956, uFranklin wenziwa phambi kweminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziyi-4,5 umthandazo "Nkosi ethandekayo". Ngemuva kwalokho wayeneminyaka eyi-14. IVangeli limangele futhi lashaya amarekhodi omkhiqizi we-JVB, futhi wanquma ukunika intombazane ithuba lokurekhoda i-albhamu yokudunga. Wathola igama lezingoma zokholo.
Ipuleti lalotshwa ngesikhathi senkulumo yekwaya yesonto. Kubandakanya izingoma eziyisishiyagalolunye. Kamuva, le albhamu yaphinde yaphrintwa. Ngale rekhodi, umsebenzi wesikhathi esizayo wesikhathi esizayo uzokhuphuka, kepha u-Arette osemusha waletha izindaba zasekhaya - ukhulelwe. Eminyakeni engu-17, wayekade enyuse amadodana amabili walinda owesithathu. Ngo-1959, uFranklin wanquma ukuthi ngeke ashintshe ithalente empilweni kamama ongayedwa. Ushiye izingane ekunakekeleni uyise futhi waya ukunqoba iNew York.
Umculo
Njengoba usuthuthele e "Big apple", u-Areta Franklin walithatha ngokushesha leli cala - wathumela i-Demo Rekhoda umphefumulo weVangeli ka-Aretha Franklin (Studio Repront Izingoma ezikholwayo) ezinkampanini eziningana. Onke amalebula asala ngezwi lakhe elinamandla, kepha iziphakamiso zamukelwa kuphela kwabathathu. Ngenxa yalokho, u-Areta wenza ukukhetha okuhlelwa amarekhodi e-columbia, lapho uJohn Hammond asebenza khona, umkhiqizi owanikeza uBobou dilan, uBruce Springs, amaholide kaBilly nabanye.
Ukukhetha, njengoba isikhathi sesikhombisile, bekungaphumeleli impela: Yebo, amarekhodi eColumbia awina ilungelo lokungasebenzi umculi osemusha, kodwa bengazi ukuthi alahle kahle ithalente lakhe. Esikhundleni sokuvumela le ntombazane ngokwazo Khetha isitayela, abakhiqizi bavikele isimo somculi we-pop.
Ekugcineni, ama-albhamu ayishumi abhalwe esikhathini kusukela ngo-1960 kuya ku-1966, abagxeki bomculo babizwa ngokuthi omayo, nezingoma bezigqokwa. Abazange bahlale benganakwa kumashadi, kepha baphambuka ngokujikeleza okunesizotha.
Idume kakhulu kwakuyipuleti elingalibaleki - Intela enikezelwe kumculi othandekayo u-Arset Dina Washington. Wake waxoxisana, uFranklin waphawula:
"Ngokokuqala ngqa ngizwe uDina lapho sengiseyingane. Angikaze ngihlangane naye uqobo, yize yena nobaba babengabangane abahle. Bengihlala ngifuna ukurekhoda okuthile kudumo lwakhe. Angizange ngizame ukulingisa uManera wakhe ohlukile, ngavele ngacula izingoma zakhe njengoba inhliziyo yami izwa. "Ngo-1966, inkontileka enamarekhodi eColombia isiphelelwe yisikhathi, bese kuba nguMkhiqizi Wamarekhodi we-Label Atlantic uJerry Wesler uLevered Aretu Franklin kuye. Ngenxa yokuqonda kwakhe, umculi waqala ukugcwalisa umphefumulo.
UWesler wabeka amathemba amakhulu enkanyezi encane, ehlelelwe ukuqopha amarekhodi amaningana e-Blues ku-Music Emporium Studio. Kwahlongozwa ukuthi umcibisheli wezwi ogcwele wezwi ahlongozwayo ukwengeza umculo we-Eric Clapton, uDuene Alman noKissey Houston. Kodwa-ke, impilo yaphinde yanquma ngokuhlukile.
Ngesinye isikhathi sesikhathi se-studio, umlingani wakhosha kanye nomphathi wakhe we-Franklin kanye nemenenja yakhe uTed White waqala ukulwa okudakiwe nomunye wabaculi. Kwenze i-Wexler ivaliwe phambi kwekhala lomculi. Umnyango we-studio. Ukuphela kokwakheka okuqediwe - angikaze ngithande indoda (indlela engikuthanda ngayo).
Kungazelelwe, waba hit for accer. Yaqiniseka le ntombazane ngazo zonke izindlela ziqede i-albhamu. Ngo-1967, umlando wawusukulungele. Ukhuphukele entanjeni yesibili yeshadi likazwelonke wahola uhlu lwama-albhamu amnyama athi "Black" amahle kakhulu. Ekugcineni, e-biography yeNdlovukazi u-Sokhanya kwakukhona impumelelo.
Kusukela ngo-1966 kuya ku-1970, wakhipha amanye amapuleti ayishumi, kubandakanya ne-Lady Soul ngo-1968. Ngemuva kuka-2003, umagazini we-Rolling Stone wabeka le-albhamu endaweni engama-84 ohlwini lwama-albhamu ama-500 aphezulu. "
Ukushaywa okukhanyayo kwakuwukwakheka kwenhlonipho, umlingisi wokuqala wawungu-Otis uRedding. Ingoma yaba yi-anthem engekho emthethweni yokunyakaza kwabesifazane, kanye ne-artte ngokwalo - ubuso besifazane abamnyama. Futhi, ukwakheka kwaletha imiklomelo yokuqala kaFranklin "Grammy" - ngokungena okungcono kakhulu kanye ne-Vocal ye-Boundal enhle kakhulu kuhlobo lwe-Rhyth-N-Blues.
Ngemuva kwalokhu kuqhuma kokudumisa kulandela ukwehla, egameni lama-70 lomcibisheli uFranklin futhi kuvame ukuvela emashadi. Ngo-1984, uBaba womdwebi ushona ngo-1984, inqubo yomshado isiphothulwa nendoda yesibili nge-Mlinn Helsen, futhi ekugcineni yehlisa izandla.
Umbuthano wokutakula ubusa ku-movie "Blues", isithombe sabantu abavuselela iqembu elidala le-Blues ukuze bathole imali yokusindiswa kwensindiso yendawo yokuhlala yezintandane, lapho bake bakhula khona. Ngokubambisana ne-arset kuhlaka, uRay Charles uvela, uJames Brown nabanye. UFranklin uziveza umlingisi omuhle, kwathi ngo-1998 ususwa ekuqhubekeni kweBlues 2000 Brothers.
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, u-Areta Franklin ulahlekelwa yintshisekelo kuma-albhamu weSolo futhi adale ama-deets okudala. Ngakho-ke, iculo ebengilaziyo ukuthi nilindile, liqoshwe ngo-1986, lindawonye noGeorge Michael, likhuphukela emugqeni we-Billboard Hot 100. Ngemuva kokuphumelela, uMariah Cary, uMariah Cary, uFrank. nabanye. Ngasikhathi sinye, akayeki ukunika amakhonsathi, futhi ukuqoshwa kwevidiyo kusuka kokwenza izinto njengama-clip.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu uqobo yayicebile - washada kabili. Ngo-1961, eneminyaka engu-19, le ntombazane yazimazi njengomshado noTed Wat. Bahlala ndawonye iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Ngemuva kwalokho umdwebi waba ngunkosikazi kaMLinna Turman, ngo-1984 le nyunyana yaqoqwa. Iqiniso elithandekayo: Ngobusuku bokugubha iminyaka engama-70 yomculi, ngangifuna ukushada okwesithathu, kodwa ngaphambi kwenyanga ngaphambi kokuba umcimbi uchithe umshado.Ngaphezu kwalokho, uFranklin ungumama wamadodana amane. Lapho eseneminyaka engu-14, usekhulisile izingane ezimbili - uClarence no-Edward. Ngo-1964, u-Aretha wabeletha umfazi ohlwanyelwe, umfana wabizwa ngokuthi uTed White Jr .. Ingane yokugcina yavela ngo-1970 kusuka kumphathi weKen Counngham. Wanikezwa igama elithi Kekalf.
Ukushona
Ngo-2010, i-Arch Franklin yathola umdlavuza, kepha umculi waqhubeka ekhuluma. Okokugcina enza ukushaya kwakhe okungaxakile ekhonsathini ngokweseka isisekelo sika-Elton John ukuba alwe nosizo ngo-2017.
Ngasikhathi sinye, isithombe sokukhathele umcibisheli sivele kwi-Intanethi - wehlise isisindo ngo-39 kg. Umculi wayegula kakhulu futhi wavalelisa abathandekayo bakhe. Odokotela babikezela ukuphela kwendlovukazi yendlovukazi yomphefumlo. Umndeni wabaculi wacela ukuba bakuthandazele, kepha lesi sifo saphenduka saba namandla.
U-Areta Franklin ushone ngo-Agasti 16, 2018. Wayeneminyaka engama-76.
Ukwakhelekile
- 1956 - Izingoma Zokholo
- 1956 - Umphefumlo weVangeli ka-Aretha Franklin
- 1961 - Aretha: NgeRay Bryant Combo
- Ngo-1962 - Ithenda, ukunyakaza, ukuswayipha kuka-Aretha Franklin
- 1963 - Ukuhleka ngaphandle
- Ngo-1964 - Akunakulibaleka - inkokhiso eya eDinah Washington
- 1965 - Yebo !!!
- Ngo-1966 - Udadewethu womphefumulo
- Ngo-1967 - Angikaze ngiyithande indoda ngendlela engikuthanda ngayo
- 1967 - Bheka
- 1968 - I-Lady Soul
- Ngo-1969 - Umphefumlo '69
- Ngo-1970 - le ntombazane ithandana nawe
- Ngo-1972 - Omncane, onesiphiwo & omnyama
- Ngo-1973 - Manje hey (ngakolunye uhlangothi lwesibhakabhaka)
- 1974 - Ake ngivumele empilweni yakho
- 1975 - Wena.
- 1978 - Umlilo Somandla
- 1979 - LA Duda
- 1980 - U-Aretha wacula ama-blues
- 1981 - Thanda konke ukulimala
- 1983 - Thola kahle
- 1984 - Ungalokothi Ugugile
- 1986 - Aretha.
- Ngo-1989 - ngesivunguvungu
- 2003 - ngakho-ke kujabulile
- 2008 - Lo Khisimusi
- 2014 - U-Aretha Franklin uhlabelela ama-Great Diva Classics