I-Biograge
Ukutadisha izindaba nezinganekwane ama-Dmitry mine - uSiberian kwakuyingxenye yekharikhulamu yesikole ephoqelekile, kanye nemifanekiso yalengiswa ehhovisi ngalinye lezincwadi kanye nezinye izifundo. Imisebenzi yombhali yafundwa kalula futhi ngentokozo, ngoba bahlukaniswa imibala yezincazelo nobuqiniso, yize uDmitry Narcisovich asebenzisa izinganekwane ezidumile nezinganekwane. U-Ann Anton Chekhov, owayemaziyo ohleliwe naye, waphendula ngozakwethu:"Amagama kamama angokoqobo, futhi yena uqobo uthi futhi akabazi abanye."Ubuntwana nentsha
UDmitry, owazalwa ngoNovemba 1852, - indodana kaNarkis Materevevich mint nendodakazi kaYakakon u-Anna Semenovna Stepanova. Ngokweminye imibiko, umndeni ka-Elizabeth, abafowethu uVladimir noNikolay bakhulela emndenini. Kweminye imithombo, kuboniswa ukuthi uNikolai wayeyingane ephakeme, ngoba wazalwa eminyakeni emibili ngaphambili.
Uyise womlobi wakhonza ethempelini laseNikolsky edolobhaneni laseVicim, hhayi kude ne-Nazhny tagil yesimanje, eyakhiwa abalandeli bezemvelo emphakathini we-Ural. Umama wafundisa mahhala esikoleni sikaKhisimusi sendawo. Ngengane, uDmitry unezinkumbulo ezinhle kuphela ezingasho ngeminyaka evuthiwe ye-biography. Ubhale ukuthi akakwazanga ukukhumbula isikhashana esidabukisayo, abazali abakaze bajezise futhi abahlambalaza lutho.
UDmitry waya esikoleni ezinganeni zabasebenzi baseVivimo-Shaitanky Railway, owayengummeleli we-Demidov demidov odumile yezimboni. Lapho eneminyaka engu-12 ekugcizeleleni kukaNarkis, owayefuna ukuthi indodana yaya ezinyathelweni zayo, uDima wangena esikoleni esingokomoya eYekaterinburg. Kodwa-ke, isimilo esinokhahlo sesikhungo semfundo sathonya lokhu, ngaphandle kwalowo mfana obuthakathaka, wagula. Ubaba waletha indlalifa ekhaya, kwathi iminyaka emibili, uMamin-Sibiryak wakujabulela ukufundwa ekhaya, ukufunda izincwadi, ukuhamba.
Ngemuva kwalokho uDmitry waphoqeleka ukuthi abuyele esikoleni, wathuthela ePermian ngokomoya ngokomoya. Kwakufanele baphile okuhlosiwe. Imfundo yesonto, emimelweni yemayini - eSiberia, ayizange inikeze umbono. Okuwukuphela kwe-Plus - lapho umlobi wesikhathi esizayo wangena embuthanweni wama-seminarians athuthukile abebethanda imibono kaNikolai Chernyshevsky, u-Alexander Heren kanye noNikolai dobrolyubov.
Le nsizwa igijimisa umsebenzi. Waya eSt. Isigaba esilandelayo semfundo kwakunguSt. Petersburg University, ukuhlukaniswa kwesayensi yemvelo, khona-ke ubuhlakani bomthetho.
Ngasikhathi sinye, uDmitry wasebenza njengokufundisa futhi wakwazi ukusiza imali kaMfoweth 'uVladimir, lapho efunda eMoscow University naseDemidovsky Lyceum. Kamuva, umfowethu omncane waba ngummeli odumile nosopolitiki. Ukuzijabulisa ngokwakhe kukodwa futhi akuphumelelanga iziqu.
I-University of Mamina Siberian kwadingeka ihambe ngenxa yalesi sifo lapho kunesifo - umbhali impilo yakhe yonke yalwa ne-tuberculosis. UDmitry wabuyela e-salmo engezansi kubazali bakhe. Ngemuva kokufa kukaYise, owenzeke ngo-1878, emahlombe akhe babambe ngokuqukethwe komndeni. Isimo esinzima sezimali saphoqa ukuthi uMama udlulele e-Ekaterinburg, lapho okuwukuphela kwawo ophelele obenethemba lokuthola umsebenzi.
Kodwa-ke, okulindelwe akuzange kulungiswe. UDmitry wabhala kakhulu, wazama izinhlobo zomlando, inoveli, ama-eseyi. Baphonsa abashicileli ngemibhalo yakhe, kodwa yonke indawo lapho ngahlangana khona nokunganaki nokwenqaba. Ukulondolozwa komndeni kwakungumuntu ojwayelene nonkosikazi wokuqala kanye nezincwadi zokuqala - ngo-1881, izitatimende zeMoscow "ezinyathelisiwe zeMoscoty mayelana ne-Mother's Mlosi, ezivela ku-D. Sibiryak. Ngakho-ke i-pseudonym yajoyina igama elithi Momein.
Into yokufunda
Ukuqulwa kwecala lokuqala lempaphe eDmitry Narcisovich yawa isikhathi sokufunda kusenye. Ubuqambi bomlobi abeze ebuhleni, emlandweni, abantu bama-Urals, abakwazanga isikhathi eside emibuthanweni yenhloko-dolobha. UMamini-Siberian wezwakala ngesifundazwe esinethalente.
Kungemva kokukhishwa kwenoveli ethi "Mountain Nest" mayelana namabutho emvelo aguqula indlela ejwayelekile yokuphila, ayekhuluma ngomlobi, futhi uDmitry wathenga indlu kamama nodadewethu eYakaterinburg. Singeze impumelelo yezindaba "emiphefumulweni emincane", "abakholwayo", "ematsheni".
Ukuqhubeka okunengqondo kwakuyinoveli ethi "Ongaphandle", lapho umbhali ekhuluma khona ngokuthuthukiswa kobungxowankulu, ehambisana nokuwohloka kwemibono edlule kanye nokusesha abasha abasha abaseSt.
ESt. Petersburg, izingoma ze- "Gordeev Brothers" kanye nesinkwa "ziyashicilelwa. "Igolide" laseRoma "lichaze umbala wemvelo yaseSiberia, impilo yabaphathi, izici zesimo somuntu, ezibonakalayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zayo ngaphansi kwethonya lensimbi edelelayo. Iqiniso lokuthi akuwona wonke umuntu odlula ukuhlolwa kwengcebo, umsebenzi we- "Injabulo yasendle" wakhuluma.
Ngo-1896, baphuma nencwadi ehlukile "alyonushkin inganekwane", uphawu lwethemba nokholo okuhle. Umlobi wathi yintando yakhe, wabhalela izingane kuphela, njengoba kuyintokozo ephezulu kakhulu. Izindaba ezithi "Emelsa-Hunter" ne- "Zimovier kumfundi" zimakwe yimiklomelo. "Inganekwane nge-hare enesibindi" ithwala isimilo: ukukholelwa ngamandla nakwamandla ayo kwabathandekayo kuzosiza izintaba ukuba ziwe.
Ngaphezu kokuthuthukiswa kokuqonda kwezingane kanye nokwanda kwama-horizon, umsebenzi wemayini - umsebenzi wami waxosha inhloso yokuziphatha ukuze umfundi acabange ngesiphetho samaqhawe.
"I-PRIVIVOV Million" - Pearl of Dritry's Buttivity. Imisebenzi eyalandela, ngokuya ngokugxekwa kwemibhalo, ayisondelanga kule ncwadi ekujuleni nangamandla okulandisa okulandisa. Futhi izinguquko zaseRussia zazisa umlobi umzamo wokuphaphaza unembeza kwabacebile futhi unaka isikhundla sabantu abalula abasebenzayo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngonkosikazi wokuqala kaMaria, umbhali weYakimovaya Alexei wahlangana ngo-1877 epikinikini. Owesifazane washada futhi wakhulisa izingane ezi-3. Ubaba wakhe wabamba isikhundla esiphakeme emabhizinisini eDemidov. Ngemuva konyaka, uMaria washiya umyeni wakhe wathuthela eYaterinburg.
Lo mbhangqwana waqala ukuphila umshado wombango, futhi ngokushesha emzini wesifundazwe waseDmitry wathutha owakhe umndeni wakhe. Lapho ebhekene ne-Alekseeva, akatholanga nje injabulo yomuntu siqu, kodwa futhi nomeluleki onobuhlakani ezindabeni zokudala nomhleli wemisebenzi.
Kodwa-ke, ngo-1890, inyunyana yawa. UDmitry wehla nendodakazi yomthwebuli wezithombe wendawo uMaria Morithithica Glooterich. Futhi le sweetheart nayo ibingeyona mahhala, kodwa nomyeni wakhe, umlingisi weSt. Abramov, akazange aphile. Ekugcineni, uMamin-Sibiryak wanikela ngonkosikazi wokuqala inoveli ethi "End End" yashiya iTalrich eya ePotersburg.
Isosehlukaniso GILLY, ngale ndlela, sasicishe sibe ngamaphiko ama-2 amancane kunomlobi, angikaze ngithole. Injabulo kaDmitry yathatha kancane unyaka - ngo-1892 kwafa u-Abramov, ngosuku olwandulela ndodakazi yabo. Ingane yabizwa ngokuthi u-Elena, futhi uyise wamkhathalela u-alyonushka.
Iqiniso elithandekayo: Udadewabo omncane kaMariya, u-Elizabeth, umfazi wesibili womlobi u-Alexander Kupina. Umlingani wakhe wokuqala uMaria Karlovna wakhulela emndenini kaMqondisi weSt. Petersburg Conservatov. Umfelokazi womculi owayekhosela uLisa oneminyaka engu-10 ubudala noLena kuze kube yilapho umbhali exazulula imibuzo ye-adventure.
Okomntwana, ngokusemthethweni ngokungemthetho, uDmitry kwadingeka 'adlale' ukumnika isibongo sakhe. Imvume ephezulu kakhulu yanikezwa kuphela nguNgqongqoshe Wezobulungiswa uNikolai Muravyev. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ntombazane yaveza ukugula, yabizwa ngokuthi abantu 'be-Plysky St WItt ". Ukufa kothandekayo wakhe kuphethwe umuntu, wawela ekucindezelekeni, waphuza, ngokubona ukuzibulala kwavela.
Wahola wakwazi ukuqwashisa ukuthi uLenochka kumele afakwe ezinyaweni zakhe. Amadodakazi kaMamin-Sibiryak anikela ngomjikelezo wezinganekwane "ze-alyonushkin's Fairy Tales", awohlobaka ngokuqonda ubuntwana futhi, ngokusho kombhali, olotshwe ngokuningi uthando. "Intamo empunga" edumile empeleni iyenziwa ngumuntu intombazane encane egulayo esephenduke isikhungo sendawo yonke yombhali.
Ngo-1900, indodana kaPristise, ekugcineni, yenza umshado kuyo yonke imithetho, yatshela umqhele weNanny ka-Elena - u-Olga Franzenze Guvala. UGuniki wabandakanyeka ekwakhekeni kwendodakazi yokwamukela. Intombazane yadonsela kahle, yadlala epiyano, yabhala izinkondlo, yafunda izilimi zakwamanye amazwe nefilosofi. Ngo-22, u-Elena washona ngenxa yalokho, waba nesikhathi sokuvakashela izwe lakusiwa wakhe futhi avuse intando, ngokusho kwayo i-Real Estate edluliselwe eYekaterinburg. Endlini kaMamina, intombazane yacela ukudala imnyuziyamu.
Hlambulula
Iminyaka yokugcina yempilo yemayini - iSiberiya yaba nzima. Umlobi, obebonakala sengathi uthole inkazimulo yeqiniso elingafinyeleleki izolo, walithambisa ubuphofu. Ngo-1911, uDmitry wahlushwa unhlangothi, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wakhubazeka ngokwengxenye. Ngemuva konyaka, i-pleurisy yavela futhi. Konke lokhu kuhlangene futhi kwakuyimbangela yokufa komculi wezinduna, njengoba abantu bezwe laseSiberia baseSiberia bafika, ngoNovemba 1912.
UDmitry Narcisovich wembelwa emathuneni aseNikolsky e-Alexander Nevsky Lavra. Ngo-1914, ithuna lika-Elena Mamina lavela eduzane. Ngo-1956 walima lomlobi, uMaria Abramova nendodakazi yabo bayaphindisela emathuneni aseVolkovssky, e-Necropolis yezamasiko nesayensi ye- "Litery Palki".
I-Bibliography
- "Izimfihlo zehlathi eliluhlaza"
- "PRIVIVOV MILLONS"
- "Ku-Shikhan"
- "Baska"
- "Allonushkina inganekwane lezinganekwane"
- "Isidleke sezokumbiwa phansi"
- "Ngaphandle"
- "Amathathu End"
- "Igolide"
- "Umhumushi Esibikezelwe"
- "Izindaba ze-URAL"
- "Izithunzi Zezingane"
- "Birthday Boy"
- "Izintaba Ze-Raspberry"
- "Endleleni entsha"