I-Biograge
Igama likaSelima Mina emlandweni woMbuso Wase-Ottoman lihlotshaniswa nenkathi yokunqoba okukhazimulayo, izimpi ezinqobayo futhi kuqinisa isimo sezwe emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, inqubomgomo enolaka enolaka nayo inendlela ehlukile: Ngesikhathi sokuphila kombusi, okokuqala ibilokhu ibizwa ngesibindi, bese kuthi nguJavuz - uGrozny nolaka; bafanelwe udumo lwesinonya, yize umuntu olungile.Ubuntwana nentsha
Ubaba Selima nganginguSultan Bayazid II. Ngomkhawulo wesikhathi, indodana kaMbusi yamukele idolobha laseTrabzon ngaphansi kwehhovisi lakhe, lapho aqala khona ukutadisha icala lombuso. Ngokushesha impumelelo yale nsizwa yavumela ukuthi i-batazid inikeze insimu engathi sína - amaBalkan, lapho uSelim eba umbusi osemthethweni weSultan.
Kusukela kwabazalwane uSelima, ngaleso sikhathi, uKarkut wasala, owabusa insimu yase-Antalya, no-Ahmet, owayemelela amandla kaSultan e-Amasa. Ngesiko, ngemuva kokushona kweBayazid, iziphathimandla kwadingeka ziye eNdodaneni, ezazizoba nesikhathi sokuza enhlokodolobha. Futhi imizamo kaSultan, eyayithembele ku-Ahmet, eduze kwendawo eConstantinople (manje yidolobha laseTurkey lase-Istanbul) alitholakele.
USelima akazange avumelane nesikhundla esifanayo sezinto, futhi wake wazama ukuncenga uYise ukuba amhumushele eduze nasenhlokodolobha. Ngenxa yalokho, iBayazid yavumela indodana yakhe ukuba ibe yinhloko yendodana yakhe (manje yidolobha laseSerbia laseSonderevo), kepha ahmet asasondela kakhulu enhlokodolobha.
Indikimba Ebusayo
Emva kwesikhathi esithile, ithemba lokulahlekelwa yisihlalo sobukhosi esikhohliwe seliphoqelelwe ukuba senze ngokungazethembi. Usemisele ukusekelwa kwezempi cishe, iNdodana kaSultan yathuthela enhlokodolobha, ibale ekusekeleni iqembu lesihlubuki eConstantinople. Kodwa-ke, lezi zibalo bezingalungi, futhi impi eyenzeka ehlobo lika-1511, yaphela hhayi esikhundleni sikaSelima.
Ukugcwaliswa ngokuthukuthela kukababa onamandla, isivukeli sabalekela eCrimeach Khanate, lapho aqhubeka nokwakha amasu wokuthathwa kwamandla ezweni. USelima weseka umbusi weKhanate Mengli-Gary, naye owayenebutho elithile.
USultan, okwamanje, waqala ukusola indodana yesibili - ahmet - ngenhloso yokusheshisa ukudluliswa kwesihlalo sobukhosi. Ngemuva kwalokho umbusi ohlakaniphile, wesaba ukuchitheka kwegazi, walahla isihlalo sobukhosi. Amandla ashintshelwe kuSelim. Ngokwesinye sezinguqulo, isinqumo seBayazid sasingokuzithandela, ngenye injongo - uSelim wangena enhlokodolobha kanye nebutho nezezinsongo zenza uyise udlulisa amandla.
Kodwa-ke, ukulahlwa kabusha kukaSultan kuMbusi omusha kwabonakala kunganele. Ngokushesha nje lapho isihlalo sobukhosi, uSelim wanquma ukuzivikela ekutheni izimbuzi azigculisekile futhi kancane kancane wasusa zonke izihlobo emgqeni wesilisa. Bobabili abafowethu bakwaSelima babulawa ngesimemezelo sakhe, kepha lokhu kwabonakala kusanda kubika: Wabulala amadodana ka-Ahmet noCorkuta, umshana wakhe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona inguqulo engiyihlosile ukuthi ngiyabusiswa futhi ekufeni kukayise, owashiya impilo ngenyanga ngenyanga yeNdodana esihlalweni sobukhosi.
Ibhodi likaSultan Selim laqala ngokunqoba kwamazwe amasha. Okokuqala, umbusi wangenela umbusi wasePheresiya ismail i. Ebuthweni le-1514 yoMbuso Wase-Ottoman wangena ePheresiya futhi waphula amabutho e-Ismail. Abasindile babuyela emuva emikhawulweni, bedlula edolobheni ngaphandle komuzi. Ngokushesha uSelimi wangena enhlokodolobha, waphanga umcebo wemali wathatha ukuthunjwa kukaHare.
Ngonyaka kamuva, uSultan wanqoba ubukhosi benkumbulo ye-Elbistan engomakhelwane, wabe eseqala ukulungiselela umkhankaso omkhulu eGibhithe. Izimbangi zidlula ibutho leSelima ngokuxhumeka, kodwa-ke, zilahlekelwe kakhulu ku-artillery kanye nokuqeqeshwa okujwayelekile, ngakho-ke, ngo-Agasti 1516, amaTurkey anqoba uMumlukov. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, amabutho aseTurkey anqoba iSyria, wabe esethwebula idolobha lasePalestine laseGaza.
Esikhathini esithile ngemuva kwale micimbi, ababusi bangaphambili bamazwe alalelayo babezama ukuzuza impahla yabo, kodwa ngempumelelo. Ngo-1517, uSelim ngithole okhiye beMecca neMedina, efanekisela ukudluliswa kwalezi zindawo ngaphansi kwabaphathi be-OTTOMANS. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaTurkeys awile eVenice, ephoqa inkokhiso esiqhingini saseKhupro. Ngakho-ke, uSultan Selim uthathe iminyaka emi-4 kuphela ukuze aphindwe kabili insimu yase-Ottoman.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yeSultan inedatha engaphelele - leli khasi le-biography yaseSelima Mina, ngeshwa, akwakhiwa ngokwanele izazi-mlando. Impela kwaziwa ngabafazi abangu-4 bombusi owamnika izingane. Baba ngu-Aishe Hatun, Hafs-Sultan, Tajl Hatun nomunye umuntu wesifazane igama lakhe aligciniwe. Kubuye kube nemininingwane ephathelene nezingane ezingaba ngu-15 uSelima - amadodana ayi-5 namadodakazi ayishumi.
Emva kokufa kukaSultan, indodana yakhe uSouleman yasukuma esihlalweni sobukhosi, onina owayengunina wayenguHafs-Sultan. Lona wesifazane naye wasala emlandweni - igama lakhe isikhathi eside lahlotshaniswa namaTurkey ahlakaniphile. UHafsa Sultan waqondisa indodana yakhe ngobumnene, amsize enze izinqumo zezombusazwe ezithembekile.
Ukushona
Izingxabano mayelana nembangela ngqo yokufa kwe-Great Sultan kusaqhubeka. Kukholelwa ngokusemthethweni ukuthi impilo kaSelim ngasithwala isilonda saseSiberia, kepha kukhona omunye umcabango wokuthi umbusi wawuthingo. Umbusi we-Ottoman wayeneminyaka engama-54.
USuleIman, oshintshile uSelima esihlalweni sobukhosi, akazange aphindaphinde amasosha akhe, kepha angena kule ndaba njengendoda yezobuciko, izinkondlo ezilandelwayo, abaculi kanye nombusi, lapho uMbuso Wase-Ottoman wafika ekukhuleni okukhulu kakhulu ngaphakathi zonke izindawo.
Ukukhumbula
Mayelana nemicimbi ye-Life Selima ngidubule amafilimu nama-serials, izincwadi eziningi zibhaliwe. Uchungechunge oluthi "Roksolana" lunikelwe kulesi sikhathi soMbuso Wase-Ottoman (ngokomsebenzi wombhali uPaul Zagrebesnoye), lapho indima yeSultan idlale umlingisi uKonstantin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepankin Stevepannkov. Olunye uchungechunge lapho kuvela khona isithombe sikaSelim Grozny, "yikhulu leminyaka". Indima yombusi, os memoirs endodaneni uSuleIman (umlingisi we-halit ergech), wagcwalisa uMuharea Gulmez.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1978, umlobi we-Berries omncane wakhipha incwadi yobuciko enikezelwe ezenzakalweni zeSelima I. Le noveli, edlulisela umfundi ngesikhathi seBhodi laseSultan, futhi futhi ukhuluma ngomndeni kaJehova Umbusi, othandekayo wakhe ogama lakhe linguSajra nemicimbi, wandulela umdala uSelim esihlalweni sobukhosi.