I-Biograge
Indodana kaLawrence Beria Serogo yaphila impilo enzima, kepha hhayi ngephutha lakhe - isiphetho sakhe sanikeza izono zikaYise. Kodwa-ke, ngokuphila, wagcina ukunamathela kuye kwaze kwaba izinsuku zamuva, wayenethemba lokumhlophe igama lomzali. Umqambi onekhono, uSergo wasizakala kakhulu ezweni lakubo, yize kwadingeka afakazele amathalenta akhe ngemuva kokushona kukaStalin.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-Sergo Lavrentievich Beriya (Gegechkin) yazalwa ngoNovemba 24, 1924 eTbilisi. Kweminye imithombo, imininingwane igcinwe ukuthi lapho izalwa, wanikezwa elinye igama - u-Otar, kodwa ngokushesha uyise ashintshe umqondo wakhe futhi wambiza ngokuhlonipha umngani womndeni weSergo OrdzhoniKiKze.
Ngemuva kokuphela kwezikhumuli zango-1938, kanye nabazali beBeria eligcwele uBeriya noNinu Timauraz bathuthela eMoscow. Ngiseyingane, umfana wayewuthanda umculo futhi wafunda ngentshiseko izilimi zakwamanye amazwe - ngaphandle kwesiJalimane nesiNgisi, wafundisa amaDashi, amaJapane nesiFulentshi futhi kamuva akhuluma kwabaningi babo.
Ukuhambisa umndeni enhlokodolobha kwaphoqelelwa. I-Lavrenty Beria yathola isekela lokuqala likaKhomishani Wabantu Langaphakathi - Ngesithembiso Sesitalin, ngoba nje iminyaka embalwa, bese kuthi kuthiwa bavunyelwe ukubuyela kuMdabu waseGeorgia.
UBeriya wafika wedwa ukuthi uthukuthelele uMholi, futhi ngokushesha wonke umndeni wonke walethwa enhlokodolobha ngenkani. Inhloko yezokuphepha uVlasik uthole i-oda 'yokuletha zonke izinto eziphilayo eMoscow ukuthi kukhona emndenini kaBeria,' okwakugcwaliseka ngokunemba ngokuphelele, kodwa futhi nogogo bakhe kuphela, abayizithulu - no- -aku-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and -aku-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and -aku-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and -um-and-and and and and and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and-and
I-SergO Lavrentievich yazinza nezihlobo zakhe eMarsion kuMikhievskaya Street yaya esikoleni saseMoscow No. 175. Sengiphothule amamaki we-10, le nsizwa yayosebenza eCentral Radio Engineersing Laboratory of NKVD.
Lapho kuqala impi, ubuholi bukaRaykom Komsomol bakhipha izincomo zeSergo zokufaka ubuhlakani. Lapho, izinyanga ezi-3, wakuqonda izinto ezikhethekile zobunjiniyela beRadio waya emabuthweni akhona esigabeni seLieutenant. Ngokushesha i-akhawunti ye-The The Isethi Yesikhulu kwagcwaliseka ngemisebenzi eminingana ebhekele ezenzakalelayo, ngokwesibonelo, ukubamba iqhaza ekusebenzeni eKurdistan nase-Iran.
Ngemuva konyaka, iSergO Beria yabuyela eMoscow futhi yaba ngumfundi wezempi yezokuxhumana, engaphazamisi iziphathimandla zamasosha ngezikhathi ezithile ukuyoyibiza ngeminye imiyalo eyimfihlo. Kwenkonzo ethembekile, le nsizwa yanikezwa umyalo we- "Red Star" kanye neMedical "yokuvikela iCaucasus". Emcimbini weziqu, iSergo yathuthukisa iphrojekthi yokuthweswa iziqu yohlelo lokuphathwa kwe-Rocket, okuyikhomishini eyayithokozela kahle futhi inconyelwe ukusetshenziswa.
Isayensi
Ngo-1947, uBeria, uqeda lesi sikhungo, wathola indawo yePhini Lomklamo we-Chief Design Bureau of Sat No. 1 MV. Ukuthuthuka kwakhe kwezemfundo kwangena ebhizinisini: Ngokwesisekelo semidwebo, iqembu lochwepheshe ladala uhlelo lwe-Z-25 Anti-Ficker Missingo "BERKUT".
I-Bureau ibiyisikhungo esisebenza esimweni sokuvikeleka okuqinile: abasebenzi balethwa futhi bafihlwe emabhasini akhethekile, izingxoxo kuzo, izingxoxo kuzo, kanye nokuhamba ngezindlela ezikhethekile futhi zabhekwa njengezipholo "Ongokoqobo". Igama ngokwalo, ngokwegama elinamahemuhemu, lathola ukudonswa kwama-roman - "Sat -" ndodana kaBeriya "," yilabo nje abafuna ukuphinda lelihlaya kubo bonke abambalwa.
Eminyakeni edlule, inhlangano yeSergo Lavrentievich idala iphrojekthi ye-Weapon entsha - uhlelo lwe-comet, athola ngalo umklomelo we-stalinist kanye nokuhleleka kwe-lenin. Ngo-1948, wavikela ukuphikisana kwakhe, kwathi ngo-1952 - odokotela.
Ngemuva kokushona kukaStalin, usosayensi, kanye nabanye abalingani, umholi wawela e-Opal. USergo nonina wavalelwa eDacha eduze kweMoscow, wabe eseboshwa. Ngo-1954 INdodana kaBeriya lahlangana egumbini elineminyaka engashadile, labekwa icala lenhlangano yokuvuselela uzungu okuhlongozwayo ekubhujisweni kwamandla eSoviet nokwakhiwa kabusha kobungxowankulu.
Maduze nje isinqumo seKomidi Elikhulu le-CPSU ekunciphisweni kweSergo Lavrentievich isihloko seLaureate of the Stalinist Primel, Science and Sempirbat Thimbats (ngesikhathi sokuboshwa kwakhe wafinyelelwa nguColonel). Emhlanganweni we-Wak, bamemezele ukuthi zombili lezi zinhlaka azinazo intuthuko yomuntu siqu yososayensi, futhi ziyizithelo zomsebenzi ohlanganyelwe weqembu labanye onjiniyela kanye nokubala.
NgoNovemba 1954, iSergo Beriya yathunyelwa esixhumanisi sokuphatha, yagcina, noma kunjalo, amathuba okusebenza embuthweni wokuzivikela wezempi. Kuyena, kanye noNino Timauraz, ukhiphe imibhalo egameni likaGegechkin (igama likaMama) ukufihla ubuhlobo babo nomfelokazi kaStalin. I-Sergo yahlala eSverdlovsk futhi iminyaka eyi-10 eyalandela yasebenza njengonjiniyela omkhulu ngaphansi kokubhekisisa abaphathi abaphenya.
Ngo-1964, uMama weSergo wagula kakhulu, futhi yena, lapho usosayensi osanda kuvelele, wavunyelwa ukuba athuthele eKiev. Lapho, uBeria waya emsebenzini enhlanganweni, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-GP NII "KVANT", lapho ahlala khona kwaze kwaba ngu-1988. Kamuva, i-Academy of Science of the Ukraine SSR yammema esikhundleni soMklami Omkhulu eMnyangweni Wezinkinga Ezintsha Zomzimba.
Indodana kaBeriya yanikelwa kaninginingi ukushiya izwe, kepha akazange asebenzise noma ikuphi okungenzeka, ayicubungule ngokukhaphela inkumbulo kayise. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-sergo incamela ukuyokhonza izwe lendabuko, futhi akazange azihlanganyele nethiphu elibusayo.
Ngo-1990-1999, iSergO Lavrentievich yayingumphathi kanye nomqambi omkhulu weKomet Kiev Repoction Institute. E-perestroika, ngaphakathi kohlaka lwamaphrojekthi wokuguqula, wadala izinto ezintsha zamapayipi kawoyela negesi, amathangi kaphethiloli. Kwakuthathe umhlalaphansi kule nhlangano.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
E-Biography of Beria, umshado owodwa kuphela oshiwo - ngoMartha Maximovsky Peshkova, umzukulu kaMaxim Gorky. Ukwahlulela esithombeni esigciniwe, ebusheni bakhe babengumbhangqwana omuhle: Okuphezulu, okunezici ezicashile zobuso, futhi izingane zabo zazimi kakhulu ngokwazo.
Inyunyana yomshado yandulelwa uthando olukhulu. I-SergO Beria yaba uthando lokuqala lwendodakazi kaStalin - uSvetlana Allyluve. Bafunda esikoleni esifanayo, futhi uBrunette osezingeni eliphakeme wanqoba inhliziyo yentombazane encane. Ababelethi baye baphendula ngokwenzekayo ngezindlela ezihlukile: Ngokwamahemuhemu, uStalin wayengamelene nenyunyana yabo, futhi uBeria wayesaba kakhulu ukuxhumana nomndeni ophakeme futhi elulekele iNdodana ukuba ihlale isuka e-allyluve.
Kuyinto impumuzo kayise, uthando lwentsha lukaSergo ngokushesha lwaphonswa, futhi wakhetha omunye umngane - ubuhle beMarfu, kepha uSvetlana wayesesikhathi eside ngenxa yobudlelwano obuhlulekile. Ukushada, waze wazama nokumlekela umkakhe, kodwa ngaleso sikhathi kwakungekho zimizwa, ngaphandle kokucasuka, akuzange kubangele ukucasuka.
Le ndaba ikhonjiswa ochungechungeni lwe-TV "Svetlana", eshicilelwe kwizikrini ngo-2018. Le filimu inikezelwe empilweni yendodakazi yomholi kanye nothando lwayo. I-Beria esencane idlalwa nguKaren Galstyan.
UMarfa Peshkov wabeletha usosayensi izingane ezintathu - uSergey namadodakazi uNina nethemba. Lapho iSergo Lavrentievich ibisixhumanisi eSverdlovsk, umfazi wathunyelwa ngesehlukaniso. Ngokusho kwakhe, isizathu saba ukuvunyelwa kwendoda yakhe.
Kamuva, iNdodana enomusa yathuthela kuYise. Manje uSergey ushadile, usebenza ngunjiniyela we-Radio Engineer-Electroning. Indodakazi endala kaNina - umdwebi, ithweswe iziqu eStroganov School yathuthela eFinland iye kumyeni wayo, nginethemba lokuthi isazi-mlando sobuciko futhi sihlala eMoscow.
Mayelana nobaba wakhe wonke ama-sergo akhe aphendula ehlonipha. Kusukela igama lokugcina Beriya, wenqaba ngokujulile wayibuyisela ekuqaleni kwethuba. Ngokusho kwezikhumbuzo zendodana, uLawrence Beria wayeyindoda enesiphilo esinezipho: Wayethanda ukwakhiwa futhi edwetshwe kahle, esedlule izinto zokuzilibazisa zaseSergo. Waphatha ngothando nokuthamba, ukuzama ukugxilisa ngokuzikhandla nokuzimela.
Ukuchitheka okukhethekile kwendodana yakhe kubangele umfanekiso weBeriya-Rica, i-Slutric kanye nesihluku sabesifazane bomuntu owadalwa ngenkulumo-ze. Akazange aphike izinto zokuzilibazisa ezingezinhle zokuzilibazisa zePavlovich - ngesinye isikhathi zahlanganyela nendodana yabantu abadala enemininingwane yempilo yakhe, kodwa abafunanga ukubalahle.
USergo utshele ingxoxo, uthi: "Ubaba akazange ahlanganyele. "Kepha ngubani amadoda okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe wazivumela ubuthakathaka obunje?" Kunjengoba wakwazisa amanye amaqembu nomsebenzi womzali: "Ngamsola kuzo zonke izono zasemhlabeni, ngokwesibonelo, iKhrushkev, ngokwesibonelo, izono eziningi."Ekupheleni kwempilo, walwa nokubuyiselwa kwegama elihle likaYise. USergo wabhala incwadi ethi "Baba - Lavrentity Beriya" ohlontweni lwezikhumbuzo, lapho angakhumbulanga khona kuphela izikhathi ezifudumele ezihambisana nomndeni, kodwa futhi zithola amakhasi athile angaziwa komlando wasekhaya. Kamuva kwavela 2 ukuqhubeka kwazo: "Indodana ibhekele uYise" kanye "nasemizini yamandla esitebhisini."
Ukushona
USergey Beria ushone eminyakeni engama-75 eKiev ngoNovemba 11, 2000. Naphezu kokufaneleka kwakhe emkhakheni wezempi wezempi, iningi lemidiya yaseRussia yazungeza lo mcimbi yiqembu.
Imbangela yokufa, mhlawumbe isifo senhliziyo. Ithuna lomklami odumile litholakala emathuneni amabhayisekili.
I-Bibliography
- 1994 - "Baba - Lavrenty Beria"
- Ngo-1998 - "Iminyaka Enonya: Izimfihlo zeKremlin"
- 2002 - "Baba Beriya. Emigodini Yamandla Esitebhisini "
- 2013 - "Ubaba weLawrence Beriya. Indodana yezimpendulo zikababa "