I-Biograge
Impilo yalombhali waseBrithani ifana nenoveli ethokozisayo. Konke bekuyinto: ubuntwana obunzima, ukuxhashazwa esikoleni, izifundo zezwekazi lezizwe ezixakile, impi kanye nobuqhawe, umshado kwinkanyezi ewina i-Oscar ye-Oscar yeHollywood. I-ROALD DAL ingabhala izikhumbuzo zikanokusho, kepha yaqala ukuqamba izindaba ezifuywayo, amanoveli amnandi kanye nemisebenzi yezingane. Kungokokugcina, kufaka phakathi "i-gremlin", i-charlie nefektri yeCharlie neChocolate, "James kanye nesimangaliso Persix", bamenze usaziwayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
NgoSepthemba 13, 1916, kwazalelwa umfana endaweni ye-Welly yeLandawoLiff (eduze nedolobha laseCardiff, United Kingdom), elabizwa ngokuthi uRoald. Abazali, abaseNorway banikeza igama leNdodana eduzane ne-Compatriot edumile - i-Polar Explorer ejwayelekile evamile. Ubaba Harald Dal wathuthela eNgilandi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1880s, umama uSophia Magdalena - kamuva kakhulu. Kepha ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokufika kwezwe kushade nezwe, elalidala iminyaka engama-28.
Emshadweni ngokulandelana, kwazalwa izingane ezine: indodana namadodakazi amathathu. Lo mndeni wasala ngaphambi kwalowo owakwandlayo: Ubaba wabulawa yiPneumonia eneminyaka engama-57. Ngokushesha nje ngemuva kokusuka kwakhe, uSophie wabeletha enye indodakazi u-Asta, kodwa umdala ka-Asa elahlekile, intombazane yafa nge-appleicitis.
URaald omncane wamlalela umama - wayengumthengisi wezindaba ezinhle kakhulu, izingane zazizwe izindaba zayo ngezilo zaseNorway kanye nama-troll. Mhlawumbe lapho okusanhlamvu kwenganekwane yakhe kwahlwanyelwa, okuthi emhlabathini wethalente futhi kwanikeza izithelo ezimangalisa.
"Rock, idwala langempela ... ngaso sonke isikhathi ngasohlangothini lwakho, noma yini oyenzayo," ngakho-ke kwakhumbula umama wakhe.
Eminyakeni engu-7 ubudala, umfana wangena eLandOff Cathedral School, lapho ama-oda anobuntu abusa khona ngaleso sikhathi ezikhungweni zemfundo ezivaliwe zaseNgilandi. Ngemuva kwalokho uSophie wahumusha iNdodana kuSt. Peter Boarding School eWeston-Senga Emkhosini. Kepha nakhu kwakungengcono - uRoald wabhala umama kamama, ukulangazelela okugcwele. Owesifazane ohlakaniphile wagcina okuhlangenwe nakho kwendodana, futhi kamuva ngokwawo ngencwadi ye-autobiographical "BOY" izodedelwa (1984).
Lapho umfana eneminyaka engu-13 ubudala, uSophie wathuthela eKent, futhi uDal waqala ukutadisha esikoleni saseRepton. Kwakunemiyalo yezivunguvungu kunasezikhungweni zangaphambilini: Umkhulu, ukujeziswa okukhohlakele nokuxhashazwa. Le nsizwa yaba nokwenqatshwa okuphikelelayo kwezifundo, kepha ngenxa yokukhula okuphezulu (umfana uzokhula aze afike ku-198 cm) waphumelela emidlalweni yezemidlalo.
Esinye isimo esimnandi sasibhekiswe emuva: ngezikhathi ezithile kusuka efemini ye-confectivor yendawo ye-confectionery cudbery, abafundi baletha ushokoledi ukuze banambitha. I-Roald Young yavuma lobu bumnandi nalokho okuphupha ukusungula izindlela ezintsha. Kulula ukuqagela ukuthi leli qiniso le-biography labe selithuthukiswe esizeni se-BestSeller ROALD Dalya - "Charlie ne-Chocolate Factory".
Ngemuva kokuphothula ekolishi ngo-1934, umfana wenqaba ngokuphelele ukungena eyunivesithi. Futhi okokuqala waya eNewfoundland njengomthwebuli wezithombe - wathwalwa yileli bhizinisi ngisho nasesikoleni. Futhi maduze nje waya e-Afrika (Tanzania), esengene ezingeni labasebenzi begobolondo.
Into yokufunda
Kwakuse-Afrika ukuthi uDahl wabhala futhi washicilela indaba yokuqala. Bese impi yasindisa. URoald wahamba wayokhonza njengevolontiya eBritish Air Force, evuthiwe ukushayela indiza yezempi. Kepha indiza yokuqala ngo-1940 yaphenduka yaba nzima: Ukufika kwezimo eziphuthumayo kwamlahlekisela umbono futhi kwahlaselwa ugebhezi. Lo mfo wabuyiselwa isikhathi eside wabe esehlanganyela ezimpini eGrisi, iLibya, eSyria.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1942, umshayeli wendiza wathunywa futhi wathola isiphakamiso sokuthatha isikhundla sokuba ngumsizi wezempi womoya okunamathela eWashington, lapho kwaqala khona umsebenzi wakhe wombhali wakhe.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwama-Earryrish kwamaBritish kwakuyizindaba eziphathelene nezinsuku zamasosha, kamuva zangena encwadini ethi "Ngiphendukela Ezokwamukela" ("Phezu Kwawe", 1946). Bangena kwinombolo yabo nendaba yezidalwa ezinganekwaneni - ama-gtem alimaza abashayeli bezindiza futhi aphange izindiza. Ngakho-ke umsebenzi wokuqala kaDalya wavela ezinganeni. "I-Gremlin" edumile izofakwa kuphela ngo-1984.
Ngemuva kwempi, ngo-1945, umlobi ubuyela ezweni lakubo futhi uhlala nonina. Ngemuva kokwehluleka kwenoveli mayelana nosongo lwenuzi, wagxila kuma-themes. Izindaba zalesi sikhathi ziqoqwa emjikelezweni "inja Claude" futhi zikhishwe ngo-1953. Ngemuva konyaka, ibanga lithola umklomelo ohlonishwayo we-Edgar ngesitayela sokuqala, lapho "umcabango we-grotesque kanye nomqondo ononya" wahlanganiswa.
Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5, waphinde waba yiprimiyamu laureate. Kuphela manje ibanga alisekho okusha kulezi zincwadi, kodwa inkosi eyaziwayo yamahlaya amnyama, imisebenzi yayo idluliselwa ezilimini eziningi zomhlaba. Lapho-ke umlobi wazizama endimeni entsha, wabhala umbhalo wefilimu "uhlala kabili kuphela" encwadini yomngani wakhe uJan Fleming, engihlangane naye, ehlala eMelika. Sekukonke, kwakukhona ama-cinema angaphezu kwama-20 ne-telechangees.
Kuma-60s, umbhali uyaphumelela emkhakheni wezingane. Ngalesi sikhathi wayesebambe indoda yomndeni kanye nobaba omkhulu. Futhi umsebenzi wakhe udonswa kubafundi abasebasha. Ngo-1961, incwadi yokuqala ethi "James kanye ne-Miracle Persix" iyaphuma, futhi umlobi wayengeke akwazi ukuyishicilela, kepha izihlobo zathonyelwa ukuthi zithi ukuthi zithi umbhashi wesandla endlini eshicilelwe. Impumelelo uShalomil Daly, futhi ubuye athathe ipeni.
Ngo-1964, kwakhishwa "uCharlie kanye neFektri yaseCharlie", khona-ke uCharlie kanye nePhempeli Liggnication (1972), "uDanny - iqhawe lomhlaba" (1975), "abathakathi," abathakathi "( 1983), "Manilda" (1988). Yonke imibhalo yezincwadi zezingane iboniswa ngumculi we-English Arntin Blake, owathola isitayela esikhethekile, ehambelana nomoya weqembu lenkosi.
Ubhale umbhali endodeni yakhe ayithandayo ngemuva kwendlu yezwe. Wathanda ukuhlala endalweni: Izilwane ezifuywayo, zikhule insimu. Endlini, konke bekukulungele ukudala nokuphefumlelwa: isitsha sama-candy wrappers, isihlalo esisithandayo lapho abhale khona, amapensela angama-6 asolwa ngokugqamile anebhendi lerabha ekugcineni, ama-blowbookbook akhiqizwe alethwe e-USA - umlobi wabhala kuphela kubo.
Imisebenzi Yezingane i-Dalya ingumhlaba okhethekile lapho umbhali ekhuluma khona nengane ngolimi lakhe ngokusebenzisa ama-calaburis ahlekisayo nezinhlekisa ezihlekisayo ezingavumelani ngezingcaphuno: "Okuhle kakhulu", "akulungile". Izincwadi zakhe zinendawo kanye nesakhiwo esibukhali, ne-gosque, kanye nedrama, ngisho nezinkomo ezidabukisayo, kodwa njalo ngokumelene nabantu abadala baseTiranny bazonqoba ingqondo yengane ekhanyayo nehlanzekile.
"Izingane ziyazi ukuthi ngiseceleni kwabo," kubhala lo mthengisi wezindaba omangalisayo.Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ema-50s okuqala, ibanga lithuthelwe eMelika, kulokhu eNew York, lapho lusebenza futhi lushicilelwe. Kwelinye lamaqembu, uDal uhlangana nonkosikazi wesikhathi esizayo - inkanyezi ekhuphukayo eHollywood Patticia Neil. Ngo-1953, lo mbhangqwana wangena emshadweni lapho kuzalwa khona izingane ezinhlanu. I-primient yaba yindodakazi - u-Olivia amashumi amabili (1955), khona-ke iNdodana kaTeo Matthew (1960) yavela, yalandelwa nguChantal Sofia no-Oplia Magdalena (1964) kanye nengane uLucy Neil (1965).
UPatricia wadubula kakhulu: Ngo-1964, umlingisi waze wathola umklomelo we-Oscar. Ngakho-ke, okokuqala ngqa nezingane zaqhutshwa nguYise womndeni. Ngo-December 1960, kwavela inhlekelele: I-stroller enengane ye-The Theo yashaya itekisi.
Ngokumelene nekhanda lekhanda lengane ye-thoracic yathuthukisa i-hydrocephalus. Ukwenza lula impilo yeNdodana, ibanga labamba iqhaza ekuthuthukisweni kwe-valve ekhethekile ukunciphisa ingcindezi ye-intracranial (wade dala-tillae valve), eyasiza izinkulungwane zeziguli nezingane.
U-Theo watholakala kungekudala, kodwa ngo-1962, indodakazi kaRoald noPatricia ifa livela eCorey. Ukushaywa okusha kufinyelela umlobi ngo-1965, lapho i-aneurysm yemikhumbi yobuchopho isikhathi eside itholwe umngane womshado. Le ndoda yazinikezela ekukhathazekeni ngomkakhe, ngenxa yalokho angena ngezinyawo futhi abuye abuyele emsebenzini.
Naphezu kwabanolwazi ndawonye, uRoald noPatricia bahlukanisile ngo-1983. Ngokushesha ibanga elishada noFelicity d'Aro, ahlala kuwo waze waphela impilo yakhe.
Ukushona
Umlobi wabulawa ukugula kwegazi ngo-1990, ngoNovemba 23, e-Oxfordshire, eNgilandi.
Umthengisi wezindaba waqonda ukumngcwaba ngebhodlela leBurgundy, ama-Chainsaw, amapensela athambile aqinile, ushokoledi kanye noKiam weSinuker.
Ukukhumbula
- Kude kude neLondon, edolobhaneni laseBakinghamshire, iMnyuziyamu kanye nesikhungo somlando weRoald Dalya akhona.
- Ngo-2016, kushicilelwe isichazamazwi se-Oxford of Roald Dalya, esasihlanganisa amagama angama-8,000. Futhi e-Oxford English Dictionary, kunegama elithi "Dahlsque" libonisa isitayela somlobi seBriton edumile.
- Ngo-2000, ibanga laqashelwa yi- "Mbhali Omthandayo waseBrithani", adlula eJoan Rowling kanye nama-Classics aseShakespeare.
- I-ROALDA DLA ORAFY FUND isiza izingane ezinezifo ze-hematological kanye nama-neurological futhi zagcwaliswa kubaphathi bomlobi womlobi (10%).
Amacaphuna
"Ingabe lokhu kubalulekile ukuthi ungubani futhi ubheka kanjani uma uyamthanda ?!" Uma umuntu emamatheka kuwe, futhi amehlo akhe awashintshi, awakukholwa. Wenza sengathi. "" Noma kunjalo, abazali bangabantu abangaziwa. Noma ingane yabo isidalwa esibi kunazo zonke emhlabeni, basasho ukuthi kungcono kunabo bonke. "" Ubuciko buhlakulekele kuphela lapho bengabasizi. "" Abesifazane bahlukile njengolwandle. Uma nje ungakwazi ukuphonsa okuningi, ngeke wazi ukuthi yini onayo eKeel - ukujula noma ukudedelwa. "I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1961 - "UJames kanye nePeach Giant Peach"
- Ngo-1964 - "" UCharlie noChocolate Factory "
- Ngo-1965 - "Isihambeli Sebusuku"
- Ngo-1970 - "UMnu Fox" omangalisayo
- Ngo-1972 - "Charlie kanye ne-Elevator enkulu yengilazi"
- 1975 - "UDanny - Champion World"
- Ngo-1979 - "Umalume wami oswald"
- 1980 - "I-Family Twit"
- 1982 - "I-BDV, noma i-Giant enkulu nenhle"
- 1983 - "Abathakathi"
- 1984 - "Umfana"
- 1986 - "Izindiza zodwa"
- 1988 - "Manilda"