I-Biograge
Umuntu oyingozi kakhulu weReich yesithathu ubhekwa ngu-Adolf Hitler - udokotela we-mude, okhuthazayo, umholi weJalimane lamaNazi, kepha abangaphansi kwalo abukho nzima, abantu bokuqala be-National Socialist abasebenzi baseJalimane (NSDAP) kanye namasosha e-SS . Ngakho-ke, reinhard heydrych, inhloko yoMnyango KaMnyango Wezokuphepha - I-Perevanik, ngokuya ngokubhujiswa kwabamele umjaho weNariyaaskaya, umsunguli wesinqumo sokugcina "esibonisa ukukhishwa okuphelele kwezigidi zezakhamizi zaseYurophu zaseYurophu .Ubuntwana nentsha
UReinhard Tristan Oume Heidrich wazalwa ngoMashi 7, 1904 edolobheni laseJalimane laseGalle-on-Zale. Abazali u-Elizabeth Cranc noBruno Heydrich babengabantu abadala: Umama uyindodakazi yekhanda leRoyal Conservatory eDresden, futhi uBaba ungumculi we-Opera nomqambi. Emndenini weHeydrich, kwakhuliswa izingane ezintathu: udadewethu omdala kaMaria kanye nomfowethu omncane.
Emhlahleni kababa kaBaba, lapho kwalethwa khona izingane eziphakathi nendawo eziphakathi nendawo, zibuyisela kahle ubuciko bokudlala i-violin. Kamuva, lapho ebudala, omunye wabaholi beJalimane lamaNazi wakhuluma namakhonsathi ama-comrade abizwa nge-HeyDrich Virtuoso. Kalula umfana wafundwa, ikakhulukazi isayensi nokuzivocavoca - ukubhukuda nokubiyela.
Naphezu kwamathalente nokukhanga kwangaphandle - ukuphakama okuphezulu (ukukhula kwamaJalimane kufinyelelwe ku-191 cm) ama-blond mncane ngokubukeka kwensimbi nephrofayili enembile, onontanga bahlekise ngeReinhard. Izizathu zazingu-2: Izwi eliphakeme, lapho umfana athole imbuzi yesidlaliso, nobuzwe - amahemuhemu ahamba lokho ngohlobo lweGeydrich kwakukhona amaJuda. Ngesikhathi somsebenzi wezepolitiki waseJalimane, lolu lwazi lwalubhekene nesheke eliphelele, kepha alutholanga ubufakazi bokutholakala kwezimpande zamaJuda.
Abazali bavumile izinqubomgomo zobuzwe, funda izincwadi zomsunguli weChacism Houston Chamberlain. Liphefumulelwe imibono yabo, ukuphinda kufinyelele ezinhlanganweni zobuzwe kusukela eminyakeni yobudala obungu-14, kwathi ngo-1921 wasungula eyakhe - "isidakamizwa sobusha baseJalimane". Ngasikhathi sinye, isikole sikababa sayeka ukukhipha imali, futhi uHeydrich waya esebenza emikhunjini, yize ephupha ngomsebenzi wamakhemikhali noma we-violinist.
Umbutho wezempi
NgoMashi 30, 1922, uReinhard wabhalise esikoleni samasosha eKiel, ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 esigabeni saseMuchman MAICMAN, insizwa edluliselwe eMürwik Officer Academy. Ngo-1926 wakhonza nguLieutenant kwi-Schleswig-Holstein BattleSship, umfutho weNyakatho Navy yaseJalimane.
Ngokugcwaliseka ngenkathazo kwemisebenzi ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, uHeyDrich wakhulela ku-Ober-Liegenant. Ukugqugquzelwa kwenkonzo kube nomthelela ebudlelwaneni obuseduze kwensizwa enoWilhelm Kanaris, i-Admiral yesikhathi esizayo, inhloko yezempi yezobunhloli kanye nokuphikisana ne-agvicelligence eJalimane lamaNazi.
Ngo-1931, umsebenzi wezempi wawusengozini: UReinhard wathweswa icala elithi "Ukuziphatha, Oyisikhulu Esingafanele Nendoda." Ukugxekwa okufanayo kwe-heydrich kwabangela izindaba ngokuqhamuka kwendodakazi yekhanda lemikhumbi yasolwandle eKiel (ngokweminye imininingwane - Indodakazi yomnikazi wenkampani enkulu ye-metallurgical IG Fabernim) ngenxa yobudlelwano obukhulu nalo I-Linah von u-Isten, uthisha wasemakhaya. Ngo-Ephreli wonyaka ofanayo, amaJalimane axoshwa.
Imisebenzi yephathi neyesimo
Ukuxoshwa okuvela emikhunjini kungumcimbi obalulekile ku-biology yeHeydrich: Ngenxa yalokhu, le nsizwa yajoyina kuqala eNsdap (Julayi 1, 1931), kwathi ku-SS (Julayi 14, 1931). Isikhathi saphenduka kufanelekile: UHenry Himmler, umlingiswa obalulekile weReich yesithathu, wavele waqala ukwakheka kwengxenye ye-countintelligent ye-SS. Ukuphonsa kabusha kwakungekho ngaphandle kosizo lwabangani abahlangane noHermler futhi kwabelana ngemicabango yakhe ukuthi i-ejensi ingahlelwa ngayo ngempumelelo. Imibono ikhombisa uHenry izithelo, futhi wayithatha ephendula.
Ngo-Agasti 1, 1931, uReinhard wamisa inhloko yenkonzo yezobunhloli. Ukulahlwa kwakhe kwakunenethiwekhi yezinhloli kanye nabafundisi abaqoqa imininingwane yokuyekethisa (izithombe, amadokhumenti, ukuqoshwa okulalelwayo) mayelana nosopolitiki abakhulu. Ngemuva kwezinyanga ezi-5, kwasungulwa izenzo ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane. Ukuze uthole impumelelo ephezulu (kanye nasemcimbini womshado wayo) ngoDisemba wonyaka ofanayo, uHermler waphakamisa ukuthi u-Heydrich waya eNurmbanffürera. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, uReinhard wayala ubuholi beGestapo.
Ngo-1932, amahemuhemu aqala kabusha ngokuthi "igazi elingcolile" eReinhard. UWilhelm Kanaris wethule ubufakazi bokuthi wathola ubufakazi bokubandakanyeka kwesibalo emndenini wamaJuda, kodwa amadokhumenti awakaze avezwe. Noma kunjalo, eJalimane lamaNazi, ukungabaza ngemvelaphi yesikhulu esisezingeni eliphakeme kungancishwa hhayi umsebenzi wezepolitiki kuphela, kodwa futhi nokuphila. I-ragologist yaseJalimane ahim u-Ahim HEMBE, yahlaziya ngokuthi uHeyDrich "umsuka waseJalimane futhi ukhululekile kunoma yimuphi umbala noma igazi lamaJuda."
Kusukela ngo-Ephreli 1934, egameni leFuhrer, uHeydrich no-Himmler baqala ukukhipha osopolitiki, bengavumelani neReich yesithathu, ababefuna ukudumbulula amandla kaHitler (CA) u-Ernst Ryoma. URussell phezu kwawo kwakukhona igama elithi "ubusuku buka imimese emide". Ngokwenqubo yeNuremberg, abantu abangu-1,076 babulewe ubusuku, iningi lamalungu eNSDAP.
Impi phakathi kweJalimane nePoland yaqala ngezindlela eziningi ngenxa yeHeyDrich. Wayengowakhe icebo lokuhlaselwa kwezigqebhezana esiteshini somsakazo saseJalimane (Isigameko se-Gleivitsky), inhloso yawo ukuphoqa umhlaba ukuthi ukholelwe ukuthi iPoland yahlaselwa yiGerman. Ngo-Agasti 1939, amaJalimane enza umfaniswano waseJalimane emfaniswano wasePoland. Ekuseni kosuku olulandelayo, izintatheli zabonisa izidumbu zalezi "izitha" ezibulewe, empeleni zaziyizisulu zekamu lokuhlushwa laseZakshenhausen.
Ngokwethukela ukuqala kokuQothulwa Kwesizwe kubhekwa njenge- "Crystal Night" (kusuka ngo-9 kuya ku-10 Novemba 1938), lapho uHeyDrich enikeza i-Map-Blanche ephelele yokushiswa kwemephu nokubhujiswa kwamaJuda. Kuzincomo, amaJalimane aveza:
"AmaJuda amaJuda acebe kakhulu, kufanele aboshwe ... Ngokushesha ngemuva kokuboshwa, kufanele aqondiswe emakamu okuhlushwa, ngokushesha, okungcono."Ngemuva kwalokhu kusebenza, amaJuda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-20 ashaya ikamu lokuhlushwa.
Ngo-1939, iJalimane yahlala eCzechoslovakia, futhi uBohemia neMoravia bathuthela ngaphansi kweVerman Charfaterate. Ukuphatha lezi zindawo kwadalwa - umvikeli wombuso.
Kuqala, kwabanjwa ungqongqoshe wezinto zakwamanye amazwe akwaReich Reich Konstantin von neerath, kodwa yena, ngokusho kweHeydrich, akazange anamandla anele okuvimbela ukumelana noCzech. Ngemuva kweminyaka emibili, ngoSepthemba 1941, uHitler wathumela iholide elithi "iholide elingapheliyo", iRainhard yabeka endaweni yayo.
Eposini lokunyathela, umJalimane wakhipha umthetho ekuqedeni kwesinagoge nokuvulwa kwekamu lokuhlushwa laseTzesienstadt, elaliqukethe amaJuda aseCzech ngaphambi kokusuka emakamu okufa. Ukuze "aphambuke" inani labantu, uHeyDrich athuthukise izimo zezindlu: Ukwanda kweholo, kwandisa amazinga wamandla wabasebenzi. Izinqubomgomo zezenzo ezisaholela kokungenakugwenywa - ukubulala.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-December 1930, le nsizwa yahlangana uLina Stanus Jesten - umfutho onolaka u-Semite, uthisha wasemakhaya, wawela othandweni. Ngemuva kwamaviki ama-2, indlalifa yanikeza uLina ukuba abe ngumkakhe. Umshado wenzeka ngoDisemba 26.
I-WOnt, i-Osten yaphoqa umyeni wakhe ukuthi aqhubeke nonhlolokhono onzima no-Hymler, empeleni aqale umsebenzi wezepolitiki wemvula. Futhi yize uLina wayeziqhenya ngomuntu oshade naye, impilo yomuntu siqu ayenzanga ukwakheka: bobabili bashintshwa.
Izingane ezine zazalwa emshadweni: Amadodana KLaus (1933-1943) no-Hyder (1934), indodakazi kaSilka (1939) noMashi (1942).
Ukushona
Izenzo zeHeydrich eBohemia naseMoravia zavusa umzamo empilweni yakhe. NgoMeyi 27, 1942, umJalimane, ohambisana nomshayeli, wayeshayela ezindaweni ezazisePrague zaseLiben, nalapho, abenzeli abangamaNgisi baJesu bamlindile - uJoseph Gabchik noJan Kubish. IGabchik ihlwithe isibhamu sokudubula ezombusazwe ukugxila, kepha isikhali sigijimile.
Ukuphonswa kabusha kwazama ukujoyina i-shootout, kepha ngaleso sikhathi uKubish waphonsa ibhomu emotweni. Idivaysi yawa ngaphansi kwesondo lesokudla ngemuva. Izicucwana zalinyazwa yi-heydrich ku-spleen, ukuqhekeka okubandayo nakho kwalungiswa. Ngokuphuthumayo, amaJalimane aphuthunyiswe esibhedlela.
Isebenze umfundi weReich Reich Doctor Henry Hrymler. Ekuseni ngoJuni 3, imininingwane mayelana nokwenza ngcono isimo sezepolitiki kwavela emaphephandabeni, kodwa phakathi nosuku awela kothile, kwathi ngoJuni 4 Wafa. Imbangela ngqo yokufa ayiziwa kuze kube manje. Odokotela bezikhathi ezihlukile ezithathwa yisitho se-septic, ukushaqeka okunempilo kanye ne-overdose ye-morphine.
Umngcwabo wenzeka ngoJuni 9th. Inkulumo yomngcwabo kusho u-Adolf Hitler, ebiza umuntu we-heydrich "ngenhliziyo ensimbi." Amafreyimu avela kulolo suku afakwe kwi-DECUPAY "HHHH" 2017 (ukuhlolwa kwamafilimu kwe-Laurent Bina Novel).
Isidumbu sikaReinhard siphumule emathuneni akhubazekile eBerlin, ngemuva kuka-1945 ithuna labhujiswa ukugwema uhambo lweNeo-Nazis. Manje indawo eqondile yokungcwaba ayaziwa.
-Zuzayo
- IHermann Order
- Ukuhleleka kwegazi
- Oda ubuhle be-Order of the German
- IGolide Party Sign NSDAP
- Indondo "yokonga iminyaka ku-NSDAP"
- Isibonakaliso Sodumo Oluhlonishwe Kwama-Olimpiki
- Isikhumbuzo soMsebenzi Wezenhlalo ngisekilasini i
- Isithonjana sePhepha SA ngegolide
- Umugqa Womzimba Wobukhosi Bomzimba Wezemidlalo Yezemidlalo
- IMISEBENZI YAMALI Amaphoyisa isiliva lesiliva