I-Biograge
Umshayeli waseSoviet waseSoviet uMikhail Ninatayev, owabamba iqhaza empini enkulu yokuthanda izwe, waduma ngokuphunyuka ngesibindi kusuka ngaphansi kwempumulo yabahlaseli baseJalimane. Ngezinkomba ezivelele, wanikezwa ukuhleleka kweqhawe leSoviet Union.Ubuntwana nentsha
UMikhail Petrovich wazalwa ehlobo lika-1917 edolobhaneni elisebenza eTorbeevo, ngaleso sikhathi ayeyingxenye yesifundazwe saseTambov. Ngobuzwe yena unguMokshanin. Ngaphezu kwakhe, kwakukhona nezingane eziyi-12 emndenini. Yize impilo yayinzima, uyise womndeni uPetru Timofevichich wasebenza impilo yakhe yonke, wayengumuntu oyingcweti, wasebenzela umnikazi womhlaba. Umama ka-Akulina Dmitrievna wahola ipulazi futhi wakhulisa izingane.
Yize uMikhail afunda esikoleni kahle, izinkinga zavela nokuziphatha komfana. Kepha ngesikhashana nje isimilo sakhe sesishintshile. Kwenzekile ngemuva komhlangano nomshayeli wendiza ovakashele edolobhaneni ngendiza. Ukumbona, le nsizwa yabuza ukuthi ingawuthola kanjani umsebenzi onjalo. Yeka impendulo eyathola okudingeka uyifunde, yiba nesibindi, ezemidlalo futhi uphilile.
Kusukela ngesikhathi sesishiyagalolunye, ngaso sonke isikhathi esinikelwe ezemidlalo nasezifundweni, kwathi ngemuva kokuthi ibanga lesi-7 liye eKazan ukuthola isikole sezobuchwepheshe sendiza. Ngakho-ke e-Biography yensizwa, umlando wokwakhiwa komshayeli wekusasa wavela. Ngokuhambisa isitatimende esikoleni, uMikhail usemele indlela yokuthuthukisa ukuphathwa kwezindiza ze-AZA, ngenxa yokudideka ngamaphepha, ngephutha, wabhaliswa eMfuleni ekolishi, lapho ahlala khona. Kepha iphupho lomfana aliphelanga, ngakho-ke owesishiyagalolunye washo e-Aerokhlub eKazan.
Kwesinye isikhathi kwakudingeka achithe isikhathi esigabeni semoto noma e-Air-Air Club, kwathi ekuseni ukuze angene esikoleni. Futhi kwasheshe kwenzeka ngalolo suku lapho le nsizwa ingesinye isikhathi esibhakabhakeni. Kuliqiniso, indiza yokuqala yenzeka kumfundisi, kepha lokhu akuzange kunciphise ukuvela kukaMikhail.
Ngemuva kokuphothula esikoleni sezobuchwepheshe emfuleni, i-ninthayev yangena esikoleni se-Orenburg Aviation - kulokhu wakhumbula njengempilo yokuphila ejabule kunazo zonke. Ekuqeqesheni, akazange aphuthelwe noma yisiphi isifundo, afunde okuningi futhi aqeqeshwe ngenkuthalo. Lapho isifundo siphela, iphupho lezingane lensizwa lagcwaliseka, waba umshayeli wendiza wangempela. Ebusheni bakhe, kwadingeka akhonze kuqala eTorzhok, kwathi kamuva wadluliselwa eMogilev.
Ekuqaleni kwempi kwezingane eziyi-12, umkhaya wesishiyagalolunye wasuka wasala u-8 kuphela, futhi wonke umuntu waba negalelo ekuvikeleni kothamo. Abafowethu abane uMikhail bafa ngaphambili, ezinye izingane nazo zishiya izimpilo zabo ngaphandle kokusinda ngaphambi kweminyaka yakudala.
Umbutho wezempi
NgoJuni 1941, iziqu ze-Orenburg Aviation School ziye phambili, nangemva kwezinsuku ezi-2 wavula i-akhawunti yokulwa, washaya ibhomu lomphikisi eMinsk. U-Divineeva wayenakho nolunye uhambo oluphumelele. Umshayeli wendiza, kanye nabanye ahlukanisiwe, abizelwe eMoscow ukuvikela izindlela zokusondela enhlokodolobha.
Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwezempi okulandelayo endizeni yakwaYak-1, abashayeli bezindiza banqabela isitha, ababezosetha kabusha umthwalo obulalayo enhlokodolobha. Kodwa-ke, indoda ibingahlali inenhlanhla enkulu. Lapho esethole isabelo sezempi, lapho ebuya lapho ukuhlaselwa khona kwebhomu likaFascist. Umphikisi "oyedwa" we-Junkers "wasadutshulwa, nokho, iplanethi ye-Nestiyev yahlupheka. Umshayeli wendiza wakwazi ukumela indawo, naphezu kwesilonda emlenzeni wesobunxele. Ngakho-ke uMikhail Petrovich wawela esibhedlela, futhi kamuva, isinqumo esivumayo seKhomishini yezokwelapha sazimisela esiseleni esibulalayo.
Okwesikhashana, ama-Ninthte asebenza njengengxenye yenhlangano yamabhomu asebusuku, wabe esedluliselwa ekuhlaselweni kwezindiza. Futhi ngo-1944 kuphela, ngemuva kokuhlangana no-Alexander Tscheshkin, wabuyela ekutholweni kwabalwa. Ngemuva kwalokho, nganyusa indiza yami emoyeni, ngisesimweni sobukhulu obudala, ingqikithi yeMikhail Petrovich yangqongqoza phansi izindiza zezitha eziyi-9.
NgoJulayi 1944, isiphetho sikaDevytayev sasisezandleni zesitha. Ukwenza Olunye Ukususwa, wadubula indiza yaseJalimane entshonalanga esuka edolobheni lase-Ukraine laseGorokhov - yena ngokwakhe walimala, nendiza yakhe yabamba umlilo. Umshayeli we-Vladimir Bobrov oholayo wayala lokhu ukuthi ashiye indiza ngeparachute. Ngemuva kokuqeda iqembu, umshayeli wendiza wathunjwa.
Ukudingiswa nokuphunyuka
Lapho selisezandleni zamaFascists, i-Nevetayev yathunyelwa ekuqedweni kwe-abver, kwathi kamuva ekamu leziboshwa zaseLodzia. Ngaleso sikhathi lapho kwadlula ukuxhashazwa, ukuhlukunyezwa nendlala, ngakho-ke, iziboshwa ezihlangene zabashayeli bezimpi ezihlelelwe ukubalekela, okuyindlela, ayizange yenzeke.
Ngemuva kokuboshwa, lonke iqembu lamenyezelwa amabhomu ukuzibulala futhi athumela ekamu laseZacmenhausen. Bonke labo abaphume lapho benalesi simo baye ekufeni okulungile, kepha uMikhail Petrovich wakwazi ukusinda. Ukufumbathisa inwele yezinwele zekamu, izakhamuzi zesishiyagalolunye zaqiniseka ukuthi le nombolo yathathelwa indawo yengubo, ngakho-ke yashintsha isimo sebhomu elithi "ukuzibulala" futhi lalingasenalo impikiswano ejwayelekile.
Ngokubambisana nenombolo yashintsha negama athunyelwa ngaphansi kwalo esiqhingini sase-edom. Kule ndawo, kwadalwa isikhali esindayo somsebenzi, okuthi, ngokwe-fascists, bekuwukubasiza ukuba banqobe impi, sikhuluma ngamarokhethi anempilo futhi anamaphiko. Abantu abeza kulesi siqhingi ababuyiselwe emuva baphila. Ngakho-ke, iziboshwa umbono wokuphunyuka okusha.
Iqembu labantu abangu-10, kufaka phakathi uMikhail Petrovich, agasele indiza esendaweni yezindiza eseduze yePnunude. Umshayeli waseSoviet wabhekisisa yena.
Ngemuva kokudunwa, kwathunyelwa ibhomu lesiboshwa esathola umsebenzi wokudiliza "i-hakel" enesizungu ". Futhi yize umshayeli onolwazi ehlala esondweni lokuqondisa, abafelukazi abakwazanga ukubhubhisa. Futhi uhlangothi lwangaphambili lwangaphambili, indiza ye-Nestiyev yahlaselwa yizibhamu zeSoviet Anti-Air.
Naphezu kobunzima, le ndoda yabeka indiza ensimini yePolish Artillery Part. UMikhail Petrovich wasindisa indoda eyi-ninter futhi waletha imininingwane ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nesikhungo se-Cerman Center esiyimfihlo sokwenza izikhali zeMisle. Futhi kamuva, ngisho nokuhlinzeka ngezixhumanisi eziqondile ngasogwini lwezitshalo eziqala. Bahlolwa futhi baqinisekiswa, futhi kamuva ukusuka emoyeni bahlasela isiqhingi sase-asyy.
Njengezinye iziboshwa zeFascist Germany, ezabuya ensimini yeSoviet Union, uMikhail Devyatayeva wabekwa ekuhlolweni kweNKVD kanye nekamu lokuhlunga, ngemuva kokuthi ukuqinisekiswa sekuqediwe, kuthunyelwe enkonzweni ebuthweni elibomvu.
Kamuva, umenzi wesikhakha odumile we-rocket kanye ne-Space Photos of Soviet Union Sergey Korolev uthole uMikhail Petrovich futhi wabiza inkundla yezindiza lapho enza khona ukudunwa kwendiza. Endaweni, umshayeli wendiza wambonisa lapho kwenziwa khona ama-rocket node nokuthi baqala kuphi. Ngosizo olunikeziwe kanye ne-Feat feat ngo-1957, uNestiyev wanikezwa isihloko seqhawe se-USSR.
Ekupheleni kwempi, uMikhail Petrovich wabuyela eKazan futhi waqala ukuthuthukisa umsebenzi wokuhanjiswa komfula echwebeni laseKazan. Usuvele ube nediptma yenduna yomkhumbi, ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa waba ngukaputeni wesikejana.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Naphezu kweminyaka eminingi yezempi nangempi, impilo yomuntu siqu yeqhawe yayiyinhle. Umfazi womshayeli waba nguFaina Haullovna, owazala umngane walowo oshade naye wezingane ezintathu - amadodana nendodakazi emibili. Futhi yize umshado wawunamandla, umfazi wayenomona ngomuntu othandekayo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, lapho edume ngayo yonke iSoviet Union, abesifazane babembhalela. Usuvele usegugile, umlingani wavuma ukuthi umkakhe ngeke adayile abanye ubuhle.
Ngo-1946, owesifazane wabeletha ingane yokuqala, eyayigama lakhe elibizwa ngo-Alexei. Ukuze atadishe, wakhetha umuthi, wasebenza emtholampilo wamehlo ngodokotela obulala izinzwa, kwathi kamuva waba ngukhetho lwesayensi yezokwelapha. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5, umfowabo u-Alexander wazalwa, naye owakhetha lesi sigaba. Ubaba wayesebenza eKazan Medical Institute futhi waba ngukhetho lwesayensi yezokwelapha.
Indodakazi yaseNinatova yazalwa ngo-1957. UNael akazange ahambe ezinyathelweni zabazalwane, ithalente lakhe lavuleka kwenye indawo. Intombazane yathola iziqu eKazan Conservatory nasesifundweni seshashalazi yafundisa umculo.
Ngemuva kwempi, uMikhail Petrovich wabhala le ncwadi ethi "Escape kusuka esihogweni", echaza izehlakalo ezicacile zokuhlala ekamu laseJalimane lokufa, futhi watshela indaba yokubalekela ngokwayo. Embozweni wencwadi kuthunyelwe isithombe se-nightyev, esiwela ucingo oluvinjelwe.
Ukushona
Kuze kube yizinsuku zamuva nje, uMikhail Netayev wayehlala eKazan futhi, naphezu kwempilo yakhe enqatshwa empini, wasebenza ngenkathi amandla avunyelwe. Ehlobo lika-2002, waze wafika esimweni esifanayo esivela lapho afeze khona ukubalekela. Kufakwe idokhumenti mayelana ne-Great feat yabathunjiwe.
NgoNovemba wonyaka ofanayo, uMikhail Petrovich ushonile, imbangela eqondile yokufa ayaziwa, mhlawumbe iminyaka yobudala (iminyaka engama-85) kanye nezifo ezihlanzekile zinikele.
Ngokukhumbula i-hero-pilot ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, ngemuva kokufa, hhayi ifilimu eyodwa eyasuswa. Phakathi kwazo, "bamba ubhubhise", "hhayi iqiniso. I-feat of the soviet umshayeli wesosayensi "nabanye.
-Zuzayo
- Ukuhleleka kweqhawe leSoviet Union
- Ukuhleleka kwe-lenin
- Ukuhleleka kwesibhengezo esibomvu
- Ukuhleleka kwempi yokuthanda izwe
- Indondo "yokunqoba ngeJalimane Empini enkulu yokuthanda izwe ngo-1941-1945."
- Medal Zhukov
- Indondo "Ngokuvikela iMoscow"
- Medal "The Veteran Labour"
- I-oda "lokufanelekela ezweni"
- Isakhamuzi Sokuhlonishwa KweRepublic of Modovia