I-Biograge
UHeinrich Yagoda uyindoda, igama elilodwa lawo maphakathi nekhulu lama-30 ekhulu lama-30 lawesaba zombili lezi zinto eziphakemeyo phezulu kwamandla nakubantu abajwayelekile. Wasungula iGulag, eyaba uphawu lohlelo olucindezelayo, futhi wabeka isisekelo sokubulawa kwabantu abaningi ngobuningi ngokuxoshwa. Kodwa-ke, futhi kungabikho phambi kweqembu noma i-chin ephezulu yasindisa i-commisson yabantu abavela kombuso uqobo.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Enoke Gershenovich Yagoda - Leli igama langempela le-commissar yabantu - ezalwe ngoNovemba 7, 1891 edolobheni laseRussia laseRybinsk. Ngonyaka ngaphambi kokuzalwa komfana, umndeni wathuthela lapho usuka kuSimbirsk (namuhla idolobha libizwa nge-Ulyanovsky), ngo-1896 ukubuyela emuva. Umndeni wamajikijolo wawungamaJuda futhi, ngokwesiko lalezo zikhathi, ojwayele kabanzi - ngaphezu kukaHenry, abazali babenamadodana amabili namadodakazi angama-5.
E-Simbirsk, amajikijolo ahlala isikhathi eside futhi kungakapheli no-1902 athuthela eNizhny Novgorod. Amakhambi e-berry asebenze njengobucwebecwebe (ngokolunye ulwazi - Iphrinta ye-Engraver), umama womndeni ogcwele izingane ezinesisindo esingu-8 wayengunkosikazi wasendlini. UHeinrich, othweswe iziqu esikoleni, uthole umsebenzi njengabalimi.
Lapho kuqala iMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iBerry ibizwa ngaphambili, lapho ayesebenza khona kuqala ngesikhundla, bese kuthi nge-Efreitor kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-1916. Njengoba ulimele, wahlelwa kabusha futhi waphinda wahlala ukuze asebenze ejazini lomsebenzi, kamuva - eMnyangweni Wezibalo weNyunyana yamadolobha.
Izinguquko nemisebenzi yezepolitiki
Imibono yenguquko yayingafani nomndeni wonke kaHenry, ngakho wajoyina ebusheni bakhe. Ubaba ngo-1904 wavuma indawo yokuhlala efulethini lamajikijolo endlini yokuphrinta engaphansi komhlaba, futhi inhloko yesikhathi esizayo ye-NKVD yabamba iqhaza emsebenzini wayo.Ngo-1905, ukuzibandakanya kwamadodana endabeni yango-1905 - ngesikhathi sokuvukela eSorov, uMikhail Yagoda oneminyaka engu-15 ubudala wabulawa, uMfowethu uHenry oneminyaka engu-15. Ngo-1907, le nsizwa ngokwayo yahileleka emidlalweni emibi: Ngokwemininingwane yoMnyango Wezokuphepha eMosco, wayeyingxenye yamaKhomanisi we-Anarcho eNizhny Novgorod. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umsebenzi kaHenry wanikwa - ukungena kubalingani beMoscow ngezinkolelo zokuhlelwa okwengeziwe kokuphanga kwebhange.
Ngo-1912, iBerry yavalelwa eMoscow ngenxa yobuzwe obunenkinga. Le nsizwa yayihlala edolobheni kanye nepasipoti eyinkohliso, ngenkathi amaJuda ehlala enhlokodolobha yangaphambili - abantu benkolo yamaJuda bedlula okunqabeni bekungaphezulu kwelungelo lokuhlala kuphela ngokokwenziwa kokwelashwa. Akukaziwa ukuthi kwaxwayisiwe ama-gendarmes, kepha mhlawumbe bekungukubonakala kukaHenry - ngesithombe saleso sikhathi esizalweni, insizwa yamaJuda yakudala ibukele.
Esezinhlelweni zokuqhubeka kwecala, imininingwane ngezibopho zamajikijolo zamajikijolo atholakala, kwathi iminyaka emi-2 athunyelwa esixhumanisi se-Symbirsk, kodwa kamuva ngenxa yonyaka. Ukubuyela ekhaya, i-berry yashintshwa kwa-Orthodox futhi sibonga kulokhu wakwazi ukuhlala enhlokodolobha yaseRussia yangaphambi kweRussia, i-petrograd.
Lapho kuqala uguquko edolobheni ngo-1917, uHeinrich waba umhlanganyeli wawo okhuthele, kwathi ngonyaka wasebenza njengoMhleli wephephandaba "elimpofu". Lapho kwakunguBerry ojoyine iqembu, akaziwa ngokweqiniso. Waze waveza ngo-1907 e-autobiography uqobo, kodwa ngokwemali yakhe, imitha yosizi, lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1917 kuphela.
Umsebenzi wezepolitiki wenguquko washeshe wakhuphuka ngokushesha. Kusukela ngomsebenzi ePetrograd CC, kakade ngo-1919 wakhonza ekuhloleni amasosha aphezulu embuthweni obomvu. Lapho, i-berry yabonwa nguFeliksi Dzerzhinsky futhi yahunyushelwa eMoscow, kwabakwaBantu uMkhosini wakwamanye amazwe.
UMnyango Okhethekile Wenkonzo Yezokuphepha Kazwelonke wawumi ngalesi silandelayo e-Biography of Service, kusukela ngo-1920, uHenry Grigorievingch wayeyilungu leBhodi Yezokuphatha Yezepolitiki Yomphakathi. Ngemuva kweminyaka emithathu, yathunyelwa kuSihlalo weSekela 2 le-DZethu, kwathi ngemuva kokufa kweDyaszhinsky, wathatha okuthunyelwe kweVyacheslav Menzhinsky owamshintsha futhi waba yinhloko yokulawulwa okusebenzayo.
Ngesikhathi sokulwa ngaphakathi kwe-batch, iphathi yama-berry yenziwa ohlangothini lukaJoseph Stalin kwathi ngo-Okthoba 1927 kwakuyinhloko yokusheshisa imiboniso yama-Antistali. Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1930s, uHenrich Grigorieviving waqala ukumelana nokwakhiwa komhlophe, okwakulindelwe ngokukhethekile yiziboshwa zeGulag, futhi zadalwa ngenxa yemizamo yamajikijolo. Iziboshwa zasongelwa ngaye (ezingaziwa, ngentando enhle noma ukuze zigweme ukucindezelwa njalo) ngamagama:
"I-berry ngokwayo isihola futhi ifundise iso lakhe emehlweni akhe, isandla esinamandla!".Ngaleso sikhathi, amaComrades eqenjini ahlolwa yimisebenzi yabasebenza nabo ngenye indlela, efaka enkambweni ye-chastushka
"Ngeke ubhule nge-chorry,ICommunist ngaphandle konyaka.
Kungekudala kuba nengxube nawe
I-Genic Berry "
Ngo-1933, uHenry Grigorieviviving wawubandakanyeka kakhulu ezindabeni zokuboshwa futhi afune izinambuzane emilundweni yezidakamizwa ze-USSR. Okwezimo, ekwakhiweni kwawo ahlanganyele kuwo, kwaboshwa cishe abangu-100 base-Agrarian, abangama-40 babo badutshulwa. Ezinhlolisweni ezingama-23 eziboshelwe kubantu abaphakeme kunabo bonke, abangama-21 bagwetshwa.
Kavele-ke, amakheli wecala lomkhuzi wezolimo wabhala uStalin emakamu aholele ku-berry ngokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezingekho emthethweni. Okufanayo okukhulunywa ngalo ezincwadini zika-Alexander Revison ngemuva kwezinhloli. Leli cala lingaya ekuhambeni - Ikhomishini ye-Poplovero ibone isimangalo ngeqiniso elifanele. Kodwa-ke, ngemuva kokubulawa kukaSergey Kirov, akekho owenze le nkinga, futhi uHenrich Grigorievivich ngo-1934 waba yilungu leKomidi Elikhulu le-CPSU (b).
Lapho ngo-1934, i-NKVD yadalwa, uMnummo wabantu bezindaba zangaphakathi ze-USSR aqoke i-berry, ngaleso sikhathi eyaqala ukunamathela ekuboneni komuntu okuhlabantu futhi yathi kwakuyisikhathi sokuyeka ukubulawa komhlaba. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuzange kuvimbele uHenry ukuba abe ngomunye wabahleli bezinqubo zokubulawa kweKirov - kwakungekho ukukhetha phakathi komlutha, umlingani ongumlingani waphikelela kulokhu mathupha.
Ngo-1935, iBerry yathola isihloko sikaKhomishani Jikelele Wekhomishini Yezokuphepha Yombuso, futhi kamuva wahola le nqubo ngokumelene noLeo KameNev noGrigoria Zinlovieve. Kodwa-ke, i-CommisSussical ezindabeni zomzabalazo weqembu langaphakathi zimi ezikhundleni ezisondele kakhulu ekubukeni kukaNikolai Bukharin no-Alexey Rykov. Kwakungenandaba - uStalin abheka lezi ezimbili eziyingozi kuye, le ndoda yahlulela ukwethenjwa komholi omkhulu.
Ekuqaleni, uHeinrich Grigorieving ngo-1936 wasuswa ehhovisi futhi wenza isivumelwano sezokuxhumana, wabe esephucula lokhu okuthunyelwe, futhi kubuye kukhishwe ku-WCP (B). Ukuphela kwamajikijolo kwaba yisikhathi sesikhathi.
Ukuboshwa kanye Necala
Ngo-Ephreli 4, 1937, uHenry Yody uboshwe ngamacala okulwa nombuso kanye namacala obugebengu. Ngemuva kwalokho babekelwa icala lokuxhumana neLvi-Trotsky, uNikolai Bukharin no-Alexei Rykov, nabo baboshwa endabeni ye-Trotskyist-faculist delul elunweni lwezidakamizwa.
Ngesikhathi senqubo yesithathu yeMoscow, i-berry yenqatshelwa ngokwesigaba sobugebengu beWenchant - espionage, kodwa yavuma ukuthi yamboza ababambiqhaza bezungu futhi yazibona kubahlubuki eTround.
Ukudubula
NgoMashi 13, 1937, uHenry Benry wagwetshwa: Isigwebo sentambo ngokubulawa. Emzameni oyizendla wokusindisa impilo kaJehova othandaza ngokuxolelwa, kodwa isicelo senqatshwa. NgoMashi 15, 1938, uHenrich Grigorieving Yagoda wabulawa ejele laseLunzan. Imbangela yokufa, kusobala, kwaba inxeba lezinhlamvu.Ekuvuseleleni okuhle, amajikijolo aliwe - inkantolo ephakeme yeRussia Federation yagcina ithatha isinqumo ngo-Ephreli 2, 2015. Abavikeli bamalungelo abantu babesekelwa - kungaba yinto emangazayo yokuvuselela umuntu umuntu oqalwa ngamanembeza wenqubo yokubuyisa.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UHeinrich Beroda wayeshade nomshana wesibili womqondo we-averbach, ngo-1929 wazalwa indodana kaHeinrich (Garrik). Igama labantu bokuqala be-NKVD lalingummeli futhi, ngenkathi lowo oshade naye wayesesihendeni saseStalin, asebenza ehhovisi lomshushisi.
Ngemuva kokuboshwa kanye nokudutshulwa kwamajikijolo, lona wesifazane wahlukanisa isiphetho sezihlobo eziningi ezicindezelwe: Ekuqaleni kwakungu-Aslane oneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, wathumela ekamu lokuhlushwa laseTempovsky, kwathi ngoJuni 1938 waba Shot. Ngokungafani nomyeni wakhe, i-Edu averach yavuselelwa.
USon Garrick uthathe isibongo sikamama ukugwema ukushushiswa. Ngemuva kokuvuswa kokufa kwabazali ekhaya lezintandane, ngo-1949 wangena ekamu, lapho uStalin akhululwa khona ngemuva kokufa. Ngokuvamile, ngemuva kokubulawa kwabathuli babantu ekucindezelweni kwahlupheka 15 zezihlobo zakhe.
Kukhona imininingwane yokuthi empilweni yomuntu siqu ye-BER ayizange imkhawulele futhi yaba nabaphathi abaningi. UNadezhda Peshkova, Maxim Gorky, uHenry Grigorievich wayengabangani abanezikhathi zangaphambi kwezinguquko.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amaKhomishini abantu babenezinzuzo ezicacile eziqoqiwe - ngesikhathi sokusesha, inani eliqinile lezinto zocansi zathathwa ku-berry.
Ngokuqondene nokuvela kwe-commissar yabantu, i-Intanethi inolwazi ngokukhula okuncane okuncane kukaHeinrich - 146 cm. Noma kunjalo, lolu lwazi luhlakazekile. Esithombeni esivela ekwakhiweni kwesiteshi saseMoscow-Volga, i-berry imele eduze kweNikita Khrushchev, futhi ukukhula kwayo kwakungamasentimitha angama-160. Kungabonakala ukuthi uHeinrich Grigorieving angaphezulu kweKhrushchev, futhi lokhu kusivumela ukuthi siphethe ngokuthi ukukhula kwangempela amajikijolo asondele kakhulu ku-170 cm.
Funda kabanzi ukuze ufunde ngomlutha wokuqala we-NKVD, ungathola amadomu amadokhumenti "akhethekile. Umnikazi kaLubyanka: UHeinrich Berry, "" Izimfihlo zalelikhulu leminyaka. UHenry Yagoda: Ukuwa Marshal Lubyanka "futhi kwazinikezela kuye uchungechunge lwe-34th" lomlando we-Oikolai Svanidze ".
-Zuzayo
- 1922 - Bhalisela "isisebenzi esihlonishwayo se-HCHC GPU (V)"
- Ngo-1927 - "Ukuhleleka kwesibhengezo esibomvu"
- 1930 - "Ukuhleleka kwesibhengezo esibomvu"
- 1932 - "Order of Labour Red Vintage RSFSR"
- Ngo-1932 - Sayina "Isisebenzi Esihlonishwayo seHch-GPU (XV)"
- 1933 - Sign "Isisebenzi Esihlonishwayo se-RCM"
- 1933 - "Ukuhleleka kukaLenin"