I-Biograge
Ngenxa yezwi lakhe elimangalisayo, ezothando zaseRussia zezwakala futhi zithanda izigidi zabalaleli emhlabeni wonke. Umculi u-Alla Bayanova owenze izigcawu ezinhle kakhulu zeParis, eRoma, eNew York, wahlabelela no-Alexander Vertinsky noPeter Leshchenko. Unyaka omude uchithe ekuthukeni wabuyela ezweni lakubo kuphela ngo-1989. Alla Nikolaevna - Heatory Veteran Scene, Wenza indlela yokugcina eya kubukeli ngosuku lwakhe lwe-95.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Alla Levitskaya (igama lomculi wangempela) wazalwa ngoMeyi 18, 1914 eChisinau, eMoldova. Le ntombazane yaba amazibulo emndenini wokudala we-Opera Singer Nikolai Levitsky, echithe ngaphansi kwe-pseudonym of the Bayanov, kanye nabalingisi beregedy zvodinsky. Bobabili abazali baka-Alla - Imvelaphi enhle, futhi umama ngokuvamile avela kumhlaba onomuzwa, wayeyindodakazi evamile.
Ingane yase-Alla's Endary yadlula eChisinau, eyayikuleso sikhathi enkabeni yeBessarabia. Wayeneminyaka engu-4 ubudala lapho ubaba wakhe ebuya evela ngaphambili futhi kwaqala uchungechunge lokuhamba. Hlala eBessarabia, manje eseye yaba yingxenye yeRomania, bekuyingozi: njengabameleli behloniphi bengashushiswa. Ngakho-ke, uBaba wamthatha ngasese umkakhe nendodakazi yakhe, wabathula njengeqembu elincane lobuciko.
Isikhathi eside, umndeni uJutter ekamu laseJalimane lababaleki eBerlin. U-Evgenia Alexandrovna wathola imali yokuthunga, futhi uyise waqala ukucula enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Imvamisa wathatha indodakazi yakhe naye ngezinkulumo, ezazingukuqala ukujwayelana kwe-alla ngobuciko, umculo, izwe lomlingo lemidlalo yaseshashalazini.
Ngo-1921, uLevitsky wathuthela enkabeni yokufuduka kwaseRussia - Paris. Lapha u-Alla waya esikoleni sangasese esigodini samaKatolika, waqala ukukhuluma kahle isiFulentshi. Kepha ukuthi indodakazi ingakhohlwa ulimi lwesiRussia, abazali banikeze isikhungo sezingane zabafuduki, lapho u-Alla ekhuluma khona nababelethi ngolimi lwabo lwendabuko.
Eminyakeni engu-9 ubudala, ukukhishwa kwenkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo senkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo kwenzeka. UNikolay Bayanov, owawungakwesokunxele u-Opera futhi wagxila esiteji, waphetha isivumelwano nendawo yokudlela yaseParis "Kazbek" ukuze kube nokwenziwa kweshashalazi kusihlwa. Wenze ngokwakhe ngesimo somdala weKudda, kepha ngoba indima yomfana onogada yathatha i-alla encane.
Futhi yize imisebenzi yentombazane yayihlanganisa ukuletha uYise endaweni yesehlakalo, wasukuma waya esigabeni walala naye. Kuyadingeka ukusho ukuthi u-Alla ngalobo busuku enze uFrure waba othandekayo emphakathini.
"Ngakho-ke umsebenzi wami wobuciko waqala ... lapho sengivele ngihamba ngemuva kwezigcawu, enye iNgazi yangiphonsa enkomishini yendandatho nombhalo. Ukuyilandela kwaqala ukuphonsa imali nezinye izivakashi endaweni yokudlela. UBhekisi wasekhaya uMama wathi: "Uyabona, indodakazi yami yazitholela ijazi lasebusika," kukhumbula u-Alsa Nikolaevna.Umculo
U-Alla ngokuzimela waqala ukukhuluma kusukela eneminyaka eyi-13, wahlabelela ezindaweni zokudlela, ethatha ama-alias aseBayanov, njengoYise. Lapho nje isibalo soyedwa somculi osemusha endaweni yokudlela "Kazanova" sabona u-Alexander Vertinsky uqobo futhi wacela ukwenza uhlelo oluhlanganyelwe endaweni yokudlela edumile yaseParis "Big Moscow Hermitage".
Umculi wasebenza nenkosi yeminyaka emi-2 futhi wakhumbula le nkathi njengesikole esihle sokudala kanye ne-adventure enhle. U-Alexander Nikolayevich obizwa ngeBayanov Adelaide futhi wayevame ukucelwa ukuba acashe kumlandeli wekhabethe lakhe.
Ngemuva kokusuka kweVertinsky kusuka endaweni yokudlela yase-Alla kusele nabazali bakhe ohambweni olukhulu. Okokuqala, eBelgrade, lapho ubaba ayemenyiwe ukuba asebenze khona-ke eYurophu naseMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ngo-1934, lo mndeni wathuthela eRomania. Ukuhlala eBucharest, le ntombazane yaqala ukusebenza nomculi odumile we-pop uPeter Leshchenko, owavula indawo yokudlela yakhe enhlokodolobha. Umlingisi owenziwa ngezothando ngesiRussia, izilimi zesiFulentshi nesiRomania: "Izinhliziyo ezimbili", "Steppe Moldavian", "uthele iculo" nabanye.
ERomania, umculi waphila ingxenye enkulu ye-biography yakhe enkulu kakhulu, wasebenza kuma-Theatre, ekhipha ama-albhamu. Ngathola impi yezwe yesibili lapha, lapho ngadingiselwa ekamu lokuhlushwa ukuze kwenziwe izingoma zaseRussia: I-Romania ekuqaleni kwempi yayingaphansi kombuso wobushiqela we-antoonescu futhi yachitha yonke into eyayihlotshaniswa neRussia.
Esiteji u-Alla Bayanov ubuyela kuphela ngemuva kwempi, futhi ngisho nalokho okunqobayo. Umlingisi uhumushe izingoma ezithandwayo zeSoviet olimini lwaseRomania, wanikeza amakhonsathi, wahamba nokubuka emhlabeni wonke nakuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba akhazimulisa iculo lakhe laseRussia.
Ngokufika kombuso we-Pro-Western, uNicolae Cheresska Bayanovoy futhi kwadingeka ukuba amahloni. Onke amaSoviet, ahlanganisa amasiko, ashushiswa kakhuthazeka. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Alla nikolaevna akavamile ukuqabuleka futhi kuphela ngesiRomania. Futhi ngokwengeziwe, ukubeka engcupheni ekuqothulweni okuphelele, umculi acabanga ngokufuduka eSoviet Union.
Kuleli lizwe, indlovukazi yezothando yaqala ukuvakashelwa ngo-1976. Kwabe sekubuya ngo-1984 no-1986, lapho kubhalwa amapuleti amaningana. Ngo-1989, umdwebi, ebeka engcupheni impilo nenkululeko, wafaka isicelo sokuhlinzekwa kwabantu baseSoviet, okwanquma kahle. Futhi ukuze ube nesisekelo esingokomthetho, sakha umshado oqanjiwe.
UMikhail Gorbachev wethule u-Alla Nikolaevna omncane, kepha ifulethi elithokomele e-Arbat endala, kodwa umculi wayeyihlupha kungekudala: isikhathi esicebile kakhulu sokudala saqala empilweni yakhe. Iminyaka eyi-10, iBayanova yanikeza amakhonsathi angaphezu kwama-500, amaphosta nezithombe zayo alengiswa ezweni lonke.
Kwenziwe njengezingoma zobusha bakhe - "King yeSerubyasic", "Ngisezweni lakithi", "Chubchik", "emnyama", "ama-cranes" kanye nothando lwanamuhla, iningi lalo libhalwe ngumdlali uqobo. Ngo-1993, u-Alla nikolaevna waba ngumculi ofaneleke kahle weRussia Federation, kwathi ngo-1999, umculi wanikezwa isihloko esithi "Umculi Wezizwe Zabantu".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yeNdlovukazi yezothando yagcwala izinsalela ezinhle namanoveli akhanyayo. Umlingisi osemncane, owayemuhle kakhulu, wathandana ne-Arab Sheikh, naseDelsi-raorki, kanye nama-aristocrats egazi eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lapho eneminyaka engu-14 ubudala, u-Alla wahlangana nothando lwakhe lokuqala - insizwa ethile yaqala ngo-Andrei.
Ubone ubuhle - umculi endaweni yokudlela engu- "Big Moscow Hermitage" lapho asebenza khona noVertinsky, futhi wathandana. U-Andrei wacela izandla zika-Alla kubazali bakhe, umshado wanquma ukudlala eminyakeni emithathu, ngemuva kweminyaka yobudala bomakoti. Kepha umshado awuzange wenzeke - le nsizwa yaphahlazeka engozini yemoto.
Emzameni wokudambisa izinhlungu zengqondo, le ntombazane yahamba uhambo olude nabazali bayo, yangena ochungechungeni lwemicimbi. Indoda yokuqala i-pianist kaGeorge Ipsilanti - u-Alla wahlangana lapho esebenza endaweni yokudlela kaPeter Leshshenko. Abancane bashada ngo-1931 bephikisana nentando kamama ka-Alla, ngakho-ke, uPremenev, umculi wakhipha isisu. Futhi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-7, ukuhlukana noGeorge kwenzeke. Washiya umngane wakhe womshado ngemuva kokukhashelwa kwakhe ngosomabhizinisi uSergey Vinogradov. IBayanova ayizange ayibambe.
Umlingani wesibili womculi wayengumnikazi womhlaba onobuqili waseRomania uStefan Shendrerre. Umculi wabajwayelene naye phakathi neminyaka yempi. Wathatha umkakhe waya efayayo yakhe efa, kwathi iminyaka eminingi iBayanov yaba yinkosikazi yakhe egcwele. Lo mbhangqwana wawuphila umphefumulo emphefumulweni kuze kube yilapho inkathazo yabulawa. Ngokusungulwa kwentuthuko yezenhlalo yeSchtefan, wabuyela ekamu, wawuhluke ngokuphelele - ubukhali, wathukutheliswa, waqala waphakamisa isandla sakhe kumlingani wakhe.
U-Alla Nikolaevna washiya umyeni odelelekile, ukhulelwe. Izingcindezi zivuse amaphutha, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho odokotela bathi - Owesifazane ngeke akwazi ukuba nezingane futhi. Umlingani wesithathu wayeyindoda eSurname Kogan. Umshado naye wavalelwa amampunge ukuthola ukuba yisakhamuzi saseSoviet.
Ukushona
U-Alla Bayanova wayenempilo enhle kakhulu. Ngo-88, wahlupheka ngempumelelo ukususa isimila esifubeni. Umculi wabantu ushone ngo-Agasti 30, 2011 eMoscow. Imbangela yokufa yayingu-leukemia.UBayanov wahamba ngonyaka wama-97 wokuphila. Kepha uma sibheka lokho ngokuzalwa kumadokhumenti alo, bakhombise usuku olungalungile, ukuthuthukisa iminyaka yeminyaka emithathu, khona-ke singacabanga ukuthi umlingisi uphile yonke iminyaka eyikhulu. I-Alla Nikolaevna's Liness itholakala emathuneni eNovodevichy.
Ukwakhelekile
- 1994 - "Dlala, Guitar"
- 1995 - "Emerald"
- 1998 - "Izinsuku Zokugijima"
- 1999 - "Fly, Ingoma Yami"
- 2000 - "Izingoma ezihamba phambili zeminyaka ehlukene"
- Ngo-2001 - "Igolide Plant Romance"
- 2003 - "Iza Kremer, Alla Bayanova"