I-Biograge
UHarry Harrison ngumlobi wezinganekwane zesayensi yaseMelika, ngisho nesikole sangabaza ukuthi wayengaba ngubani. Wadonswa e-ART, wabhala. Ngazilethela, futhi kaninginingi, ngaphambi kokudangala. Waphetha: Indawo yakhe kubuciko obukhululekile. Indlela eya kobuqambi yaqala ngamahlaya, futhi inganekwane yamenza waduma.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umfana wazalwa ngoMashi 12, 1925 eStamford. Inhloko yomndeni kaHenry Leo Dempsey wasebenza njengephrinta, umama kaMama Kiryasov - uthisha. UHarrison wakhuphuka ngaphandle kwabafowethu nodadewethu. Lapho ezalwa kuphela, uBaba ojabulayo washesha wabhalisa ingane. Emibhalweni, osanda kuzalwa waqoshwa njengoHenry Masquell dempley. Kepha, sebebuyele ekhaya, uBanda osanda kunquma ukumemezela zonke izihlobo ukuthi uGarry Harrison wanikeza indodana yakhe.
Umbhali wakhumbula kamuva ngegama lakhe elimbili ngamahlaya. Eminyakeni nebutho lezempi wayeqiniseka ngokuphelele ukuthi wayenguHarry Masqull Harrison. Yonke indawo ohlwini lwayo futhi wayikhomba. Kepha lapho ethola ipasipoti, wamangala ukubona igama uHenry Dempley kudokhumenti. Ngokudideka, amagama abhekwana nalapho kwavela ukuthi uYise ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendlalifa ngemuva kwesibongo sangegama lesibongo seHarrison yakhe yokutholwa. Ngokwenganekwane yesayensi, uwukuphela kombhali emhlabeni osebenzisa igama langempela njenge-pseudonym.
Umndeni kanye noHarry oneminyaka emi-2 ubudala usuka eStamford ukuya eNew York. Bahlala beshukumisa, beguqula izindlu. Ukudangala okukhulu nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi ngobuningi, lapho iMelika eyahlala khona ngaleso sikhathi, iboniswe esimweni sezinto ezibonakalayo zomndeni. Ubaba wayethathwa njengochwepheshe omuhle, kodwa wasebenza izinsuku eziningana ngenyanga. Izikweletu zakopishwa, futhi umndeni waphoqeleka ukuba ucashe kubabolekisi.
E-biography yakhe, uHarry ukhumbula ubuntwana njengenkathi yesizungu. Akazange athole ulimi olujwayelekile nontanga, ngakho-ke lezo zincwadi zasungulwa. Ngifunde konke okweza. Kwaqala ngezincwadi ezishibhile: lawa kwakungamanoveli abesifazane, abaphenywayo nezinkanyezi ezinyatheliswe ephepheni elihle elishibhile. Izincwadi emtapweni wezincwadi.
Kwakunomkhuba - funda usohambeni. Umbhali wakhumbula ukuthi wayithuthukisa kanjani usuku nosuku. Ukuze wenze lokhu, kwakudingeka ukuklebhula ngezikhathi ezithile ngamehlo kusuka ku-Spell bese uphonsa ukuphazamiseka ngaphambili, ukuze ungashayeki eposini ngensika noma ebhuthini yocingo.
Umfana omnandi wahlatshwa umxhwele eneminyaka engu-7 futhi, eqala ukuba ngumfundisi, wayengumuntu wangempela wohlobo. Wabhala ukubuyekezwa, wayeyilungu leligi yesayensi yesayensi. Kuma-40s, izincwadi zakhe zokuqala zavela kumagazini akhethekile. Ngemuva kokuthweswa iziqu, uHarry wathola i-ajenda embuthweni. IMpi Yezwe Yesibili yayingukuthi, futhi, ngokuchazwa kombhali, akazange amshiye isizukulwane esizikhethele - kuphela.
Nakhu iminyaka emithathu yokuphila. UHarrison wakhonza e-Aviation, lapho "esekhule" ku-sergeant. Ngemuva kwebutho, uHarry waqhubeka nokubheka indawo ngaphansi kwelanga wangena ekolishi leHunter phakathi noJohn Blisshirhild, wafunda ubuciko obubukwayo. Ngaphandle kokuqeda i-semester, uHarry unquma ukushiya izifundo zabo, kodwa uyaqhubeka nokuthatha izifundo enkosini ngasese.
Ngasikhathi sinye, lo mfo uqala ukuya esikoleni sama-cartoonists kanye nababonisi. Waqala ukuzibiza ngomculi wamahhala. Kwathathelwa noma yisiphi isifundo akhokhelayo. Isikhathi esiningi sanikeza umsebenzi amahlaya. Isiphetho samletha kuMdwebi we-Welly Wood. Abangani kanye nozakwabo bavule isitudiyo lapho basebenza khona kwimidwebo yamahlaya. Ngemuva kokuhlangenwe nakho okunjalo, uHarry unquma ukuthatha indawo entsha futhi uvula inkampani. Isiqondisi esikhulu ukukhangisa.
UHarry akalahlekelwa isikhathi ngeze nangokusebenza ngentshiseko emibhalweni ebhala i-Flash Gordon Comic. Ungena kwi-Science Fiction Club "Hydra". Lapha uthola ukujwayelana nemibono yesayensi eholayo. Phakathi kwabo kwakungu-Isaac Azimov, owaba impilo ehlukile. UHarrison uya ngokuya egxiliswa ekuhlelweni, esebenzela abashicileli abahlukahlukene. Iyaqhubeka nokusebenza ngumculi emhlabeni wezwe ngale magazini, lapho ekuqaleni kwama-50s azoshicilela indaba yakhe yokuqala ethi "angena emadwaleni".
Izincwadi
I-Bibliography yayo inezindaba ezingaphezu kuka-200 namanoveli angama-35. Ukuqala kwendlela enkulu emhlabeni wesayensi yesayensi kwatholakala ngo-1956, lapho umlobi, kanye nomndeni wakhe, bathuthela eMexico. Lapha aqala ukusebenza ngenoveli "Umhlaba wokufa". Udume kakhulu abafundi baseRussia njengendawo "engenamkhawulo."
Ngemuva kweMexico, uHarry Harrison wayehlala eLondon isikhashana. Enhloko-dolobha ye-albion eyi-misty, waqala waqala iqhawe kwelinye lezindaba ngoJames Bolivar, esizeni - eSlippery Jigriz. Waba ubuso obusezingeni eliphakeme ochungechungeni oludumile lwamanoveli "rat yensimbi".
Ngemuva kokubuyela eNew York, uHerrison uphinde wathathwa inoveli "Umhlaba wokufa", oba yincwadi yakhe yokuqala kanye nengxenye yokuqala ye-trilogy mayelana nokufika kwe-Yazon Dina Alta. Ukuqhubeka kwamanoveli "onjiniyela wokuziphatha" kanye "ne-equestrian varvars". Njengoba usuthole imali, uHarrison nomndeni wakhe uhamba iminyaka engu-7 eDenmark. Ngalesi sikhathi, wenza ubuhlakani obuningi futhi wahamba. Ukwazile ukuvakashela amazwe angama-50 emhlabeni jikelele. Kepha umphefumulo wathengwa e-Ireland, lapho kwahlala khona ukuhlala kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo yakhe.
I-Science Fiction ngaleso sikhathi yabhekwa njengohlobo olubi, kepha kuphela ezindabeni nasenovels uHarry Harrison ahanjelwe amahlaya. Ngokomlobi, wayefuna abantu bakhulise imimoya yabo ngenkathi befunda futhi babulawa ngokuhleka. Umlobi kumanoveli akhe ukhombisa imihlaba engekho emangalisayo: ikusasa elimnandi elimnandi - ngamarobhothi, ahamba phakathi kwamaplanethi, njengabafokazi, izinsongo ezivela emkhathini.
E-Roman-Trilogy "West Eden", umlobi waphendukela engcweni elithile lokuphila komuntu kanye nokuvela kwama-dinosaurs emhlabeni, lapho ama-meteori abulalayo ayengafinyelela khona eminyakeni eyizigidi ezingama-65 edlule.
Amanoveli kaHarry Harrison azamile ukuvikela. Kepha munye kuphela eza ezilalelini - "Hambisa! Hambisa! " Ifilimu elibizwa nge- "Green Soylet" laphuma ngo-1973. Kuyena, isayensi yamukele i-premium "yokunganaki" ekuphakanyisweni "kokukhiqizwa okuhle kakhulu".
Kuhle futhi ukuqaphela nemizamo yokususa ifilimu ngemisebenzi yochungechunge lwensimbi yensimbi. Umlobi engxoxweni yakhe utshele ngalo mkhiqizi, owazama iminyaka engu-27 yokuqala ukudubula, kodwa akakaze enzeke. Ngo-2006, bekunolwazi lokuthi iqembu likaMel Gibson lathathwa ngalo i-adventure ye-adventures yeJim DiGriz. Kepha namanje amagundane ensimbi ahlala kuphela ekhasini lenoveli.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umlobi washada kabili. U-Evelin Harriisson waba ngumfazi wokuqala, aqala ngalo unyaka ngemuva komshado. Ngawo lowo nyaka ngahlangana noJoan Merler. Le ntombazane yabandakanyeka ekudakweni nasekwakhiweni kwezingubo. Kwakufanele enze ukukhetha phakathi komsebenzi nomndeni, wakhetha owesibili.
Empilweni yakhe, konke kwase kukwanele. Izingane ezimbalwa zinezingane ezimbili: indodana kaThandeni nasendodakazini uMoira. Le ndoda yaqhubeka nokuzibandakanya ekubukeni, ithola imali. Abalingani bahamba kakhulu emazweni aseYurophu. Othandweni nasebunyweni, baphila iminyaka engama-48.
Ngo-2002, uJoan uthole isifo se-oncological lapho ake walula khona. UTodd noMoira bahlala eMelika: Wenza ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha, ufundisa i-biology.
Lapho impilo isanda, uHarrison unquma ukuthuthela ekhaya lasebekhulile aqonde eningizimu yeNgilandi.
Ukushona
UHarrison wanikeza ingxoxo eningi empilweni. Izingcaphuno kwelinye zazo zaphenduka ziyisiprofetho. UHarry, wabikezela ukufa kwakhe, wathi uzohamba, ngaphandle kokusinda iminyaka engama-89. Ucabangele ukuphela kwempilo ebonakalayo futhi embi, alingana nabantu ngaphambi kwemithetho yesikhala. Kuyena, ukunakekelwa kwakuwukuqala kokuthile okusha, okudlula ngokuthula nokuthula. UHarrison ushone eneminyaka engama-87, Agasti 15, 2012. Inhliziyo ebuthakathaka kwakuyimbangela yokufa.
Imininingwane yokuqala ngokufa yavela kuwebhusayithi yayo. Ngokuthwebula uHarrison kumi ukuloba okuthe xaxa, okuvezwa ubulukhuni bokulahleka kwezigidi zabalandeli bezincwadi zakhe:
"Izincwadi zakho zagcwaliswa ngamaqhinga angenamkhawulo, kepha angahlaseli futhi ajabulisayo futhi athokozisayo - noma kungenjalo kuma-freak ngoMthetho, kepha kuhle njalo."I-Bibliography
- 1964-1994 - Uchungechunge "I-Bill Hero of Galaxy"
- Ngo-1961-2010 - Uchungechunge oluthi "Amagundane Ensimbi"
- 1969-2001 - Uchungechunge Lomhlaba Wokufa
- 1969-1974 - Uchungechunge oluthi "Umuntu kusuka s.v.n. kanye r.o.b.b.t. "
- 1984-1992 - Uchungechunge oluthi "Edene"
- Ngo-1964 - "IVendetta Yengcwele"
- 1966 - "Hambisa! Hambisa! "
- Ngo-1969 - "Umhlaba Othunjiwe"
- 1972 - "Umhubhe omude obukhoma we-transatlantic! Hooray "
- 1973 - "Star Galactic Rangers Galactic Adventures"
- 1976 - "Umkhumbi Omuhle"
- 1980 - "Ukulahleka kwe-liner"
- 1982 - "Inhloso yokuhlasela ngumuntu Umhlaba"
- 1983 - "Isikhathi sesihlubuki"
- Ngo-1992 - "Ukukhetha Ukushukumisela"