I-Biograge
URoy Medvedev ungusosayensi waseSoviet noRussia, umlobi, uthisha kanye nohulumeni. IPeru yakhe ingeyama-biografikhi wezibalo eziningi zezepolitiki ze-USSR neRussia, kufaka phakathi uNikita Khrushchev, i-Yuri Andropov noVladimir Putin. Enye yezihloko eziphindaphindwayo zobuntatheli kanye nocwaningo lweMedvevevevev kusukela ekuqaleni komsebenzi futhi kuze kube namuhla kuhlala kungumfanekiso kaJoseph Stalin kanye ne-Epuch of Sash of Soviet Union.Ubuntwana nentsha
URoy Alexandrovich Medvevevev wazalelwa eTiflis ngoNovemba 14, 1925. Igama elijwayelekile lomfana lalidumo laseManabendra Roy, lawo lawaziwa ngaleyo minyaka e-USSR yamaKhomanisi aseNdiya, ayemi emlandweni weqembu lamaKhomanisi eNdiya.
Ubaba womfana, uKhomishani Omlawuli weRed Army, wasebenza eMnyangweni Wezokuxhumana Nezomlando ezingokomlando ezingokwezempi zezempi, umama ka-Olga Isakovna wadlala i-cello. URoy Medvedev unesizwe esixubile: UnabaseRussia kanye nezimpande zamaJuda, futhi usosayensi wokugcina akakufihli.
Ngo-1938, phakathi kokuhlanzwa kukaStalin, uMedvevev waboshwa. Bagwebe indoda iminyaka eyi-8 yokuphetha, yashiya lelo thuba lihambelana nelisondele. Kodwa-ke, kuze kube sekupheleni kwethemu, ubaba uRoy noMfowabo Zomfowabo azange baphile - ngo-1941 wafela ekamu.
Ucwaningo lwanikezwa le nsizwa kalula - wathola imfundo yasesekondari ngangaphandle ngo-1943. Ngemuva kwaloko, sekuphele iminyaka lengu-3, mendvedev wakhonza embuthweni ezikhundleni ezingewona umgwaqo. Ukubuyela empilweni yombango, uRoy wangena kwi-Faculty of Filosofi, eyayiphothula iziqu. Emva kwalokho, yahlanganyela emisebenzini yokuhlehlisa: Kuqale kwafundiswa esikoleni esiphakeme, kwabe sekusebenza umqondisi we- "Semillets".
Ubuhlakani nemisebenzi yezenhlalo
Ngo-1956, i-XSSR Congress ibanjelwe e-USSR, lapho uNikita Khrushchev enza ngayo umbiko ovaliwe ekulahlisweni kwehlelo lobuntu bukaJoseph Stalin. Umphumela walezi zigameko waba yithafa futhi avuseleleka iziboshwa eziningi esihlokweni esingu-58. U-Alexander Medvedev ungene kulolu hlu. Isherm yagcina yaphenduka ilungu leqembu, kepha isikhathi esiningi esikhokhelwe ukunyakaza okungekho emthethweni.
Ngokufana nalokhu ngo-1958, ukuvikela i-thesis ku-IHPI. ULenin, uMedvevev waba ngumuntu okhethwe kwisayensi yezindawo ezihamba ngezinyawo futhi waqala ukusebenza njengesihleli-in-induku yendlu yokushicilela "StockEdGiz".
Ngo-1961, waqala wabhala into esemqoka, ngokusho kwakhe, impilo yabasebenzi: Izincwadi "eziya enkantolo yomlando: UGesse uGenesise kanye nemiphumela ye-Stalinism." Lo msebenzi wagcina iminyaka engu-7, futhi ngesikhathi umbhalo wesandla waqedwa, uTew waqala ukuya ku-Cha, futhi isithombe sikaStalin saqala ukuwuqaphela futhi sivuseleleke. Ngokumelene nalesi sizinda sokubonisana kanye nenkathi yokwesaba okukhulu, mabavume behluleke kukhiye wefilosofi, abakwazanga ukuhlala bengajeziswa - ngo-1969, kusukela ephathini kaRoy Alexandrovich, bakhishwe.
NgoMashi 19, 1970, kanye nabanye abaphikisi abangu-2 abaseSoviet, u-Andrei Sakharov noValentin Turchinov, iMedvedev yashicilela incwadi evulekile kuHulumeni we-USSR. Kuyo, ososayensi bakhombise abaphathi ukuthi iDemocratization yohlelo lweSoviet iba yisidingo. Ngemuva kwesitatimende esinjalo, akukho kushicilelwa kwemisebenzi kaRoy Alexandrovich enkulumweni ye-USSR akusekho.
Ngo-1971, uRoy Alexandrovich washiya inkonzo ezinhlanganweni zikahulumeni futhi waba usosayensi wamahhala. Esimweni esinjalo, kwaphoqelelwa uhlelo lokuqinisa umthetho: Endlini yeMedvevevev baqhuba khona ukusesha, usosayensi wayifaka kungobo yomlando futhi wakhipha i-ajenda ebangele ehhovisi lomshushisi.
Imiyalo evela ku-ajenda uRoy Alexandrovich ngokuqonda futhi uthathe isinqumo sokunyamalala okwesikhashana enkundleni yokubona iziphathimandla. Isikhathi esithile, iMedvevev yahlala ngokungemthetho eBaltic States, futhi lapho ibuyela eMoscow yathola lokho ayehlele kuyo, wakhohlwa ngaye. UZhores Medvevevev, ngaleso sikhathi, waphindela kakhulu ekuhlaselweni kwe-Acatemian Trofim Lyswenko. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-1973, umfowabo kaRoya waya eLondon nomndeni wakhe, futhi ngokuzayo ukushicilelwa kwezincwadi zikaMedvevevevevev kwenziwa ngoZhores.
Izihloko eziphambili zemisebenzi kaRoy Alexandrovich kusukela ngawo-1970s yiNikita Khrushchev kanye nezepolitiki zayo. Isikhathi se-Thaw of Medvevevev sihlola isikhathi senkululeko kanye nenhla yenkululeko kwifomu lapho kungenzeka khona nge-USSR. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi sikaKhrushchev, ngokusho kososayensi, "uzichazile" futhi waguqulwa ngoba wayengenalo uhlelo lwakhe lokubuyiselwa okucacile.
Ngemuva kokuza emandleni, uMikhail Gorbachev futhi walandelwa ngushintsho embhalweni kaRoy Alexandrovich waqala isikhathi esisha. Ngomsebenzi wakhe, kuvinjelwe okungekho emthethweni, futhi igama lososayensi laqala njengelibonakala phesheya kuphela, kodwa nasekhaya.
Ngo-1989, uMedvevev walulama ephathini, ngenkathi egcina okuhlangenwe nakho, ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kabusha i-Roy Alexandrovich kwakuyiphini labantu le-USSR nelungu loMkhandlu Ophakeme. Izehlakalo ezalandela ukwakhiwa kabusha - izenzo ze-GCCP ne-Boris Yeltsin - usosayensi waveza ukugxekwa okunzima, kanye ne-1991 coup kubizwa ngokuthi yi-State Coup. Engxoxweni no-2013, iphephandaba iGordon Boulevard NewsvedEv lathi ukuwa kwe-USSR kwaba yinhlekelele.
Ngemuva kokwakhiwa kabusha nokubola kweSoviet Union, incwadi kaRoy Alexandrovich yaqala ukushicilelwa njalo eRussia. Enye yezinhlobo lapho u-Medvedev abhala khona i-biography yezepolitiki. Ngo-2007, uVladimir Putin walotshwa nguye washicilelwa. Lokhu kuholele esikweni esithi squalkemes esibucayi emphakathini wenkululeko: Ithoni eyakhayo yale ncwadi yayinqunyelwe nedumela leMedveveveVev njenge-Impiident.
Ngokusho kwephayisa lika-Alexandrovich, ngesikhathi sokubhalwa kwe-biography, akazange akwazi ukuxhumana noPutin - wesaba ukungena ngaphansi kwethonya lobukhali boMongameli futhi abe yisiphawulo. Umhlangano womuntu siqu noVladimir Vladimirovich, noma kunjalo, wenzeka, kepha ngemuva kokukhululwa kwale ncwadi. Ngosuku lweJubilee eneminyaka engama-85 ubudala, uMongameli wammema endaweni yokuhlala eduze kwaseMoscow. Ingxoxo yomuntu siqu yenzeka phakathi kweRoy Alexandrovich noVladimir Vladimirovich, mayelana nemininingwane yososayensi, vele, ayisho.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Kuncane ngempilo yomuntu siqu yeMedvevevevev yaziwa: Engxoxweni nasezingxoxweni nabezindaba, kepha ukhetha ukukhuluma ngaye, kodwa ngomlando nomsebenzi. Isithombe sososayensi asikho ekuhlelweni kwezingxoxo nezintatheli - futhi neRarity yenethiwekhi.
Ngomkakhe uGalina Roy Alexandrovich uhlala iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Ngomsebenzi womshado wesosayensi, udokotela, kodwa iminyaka eminingi uyagula futhi cishe akavuki. Ndodana u-Alexander Roeevich Medvevevevev ngunjiniyela wezemfundo.
Umndeni - uGalina, unkosikazi ka-Alexander, uSvetlana, noMzukulu abangu-2 iMedvedeve - uhlala endlini eyakhiwe nguYe emadolobheni angaphansi komhlaba. Usosayensi uqobo, nokho, ukhetha ikotishi entsha ebusika yasebusuku ekhululekile, etholakala ekujuleni kwesiza - kukhona elula futhi ezolile ukusebenza.
Ngokuphikisana nombono osunguliwe, uRoy Medvedev akayena isazi-mlando esiqeqeshiwe. Usosayensi ngokwakhe ubheka lesi "sihloko" sesitembu semidiya futhi ugcizelela ukuthi isihloko sobudokotela sinakho emkhakheni wesayensi yezindawo ezihamba ngezinyawo.
Roy medvevevev manje
NgoNovemba 15, 2018, kwenziwa izinguquko ezibuhlungu empilweni kaRoy Alexandrovich - amawele akhe kaJoreedereddeveev wafa eLondon.
Ngo-2014, iMedvedev yakhipha enye incwadi mayelana noMongameli weRussia Federation - "Isikhathi sikaPutin". Kodwa-ke, ukusebenza njengososayensi, ngokwesilo sakhe, kuya ngokuya kuye kwanda - kuyaba nzima ngokwengeziwe - futhi kuyingxenye yentuthuko yabo, kancane kancane iyakhuleka engosini yombuso.
I-Bibliography
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- Ngo-1986 - "Khrushchev. I-Biology Biography"
- Ngo-1990 - "Ku-Stalin nase-Stalin"
- Ngo-1990 - "Bazungeza Stalin"
- 1991 - "Ubuntu nenkathi. Imidwebo yezepolitiki yeL. I. Brezhnev"
- 1993 - "Unobhala Jikelele noLubyanka"
- 1997 - "Chubais neVoucher"
- 1999 - "I-Andropov" engaziwa "
- Ngo-2004 - "Solzhenitsyn noSakharov. Omprofethi ababili"
- 2007 - "Split Ukraine"
- 2007 - "vladimir Putin"
- 2011 - "UBoris Yeltin. Abantu namandla eRussia ekugcineni kwekhulu le-XX"
- 2011 - "" Ukuthula Don. "Izimfumbe kanye nokuvulwa komRoma omkhulu"
- 2014 - "Isikhathi uPutin"