I-Biograge
UCamille Pissarro ungumculi odumile, ukhokho kanye nokunamatheli kokucabanga, wayengomunye wabadali beParis Society of "onqatshiwe". Ukuba ngasikhathi sinye umfundi nothisha, i-master yamukela okuhlangenwe nakho kwabandulelayo futhi yadlula inzalo etholakele amakhono.
Ukuba "nobaba" wokudala kukaGeorge Sulfur, amasimu kaCezanne, uVincent van Gogh kanye nama-Gauuga amasimu, isikhulu sendawo sashumayela ubuciko obusha. Emehlweni ozakwabo kanye nabalingani, umFulentshi onekhono kwakuyindaba yokunconywa, futhi abagxeki kanye nomdlandla kwabonakala kungu-amateur wokuqala. Isikhathi sadlula konke okusezindaweni, futhi iningi lama-connoisseurs alobu buciko aqashelwa ubukhulu bePisserro.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UJacob Abraham Camille Pissarro wazalwa kwesinye seziqhingi eziseWest Indies ngoJulayi 10, 1830. Ubaba u-Abram Pisserroo wayengumJuda wasePortugal onesiFulentshi. Futhi umama wakhe, i-Dominican Republic, ebizwa ngokuthi uRachel Mansano. Kuze kube ngu-1842, umndeni onezingane ezine wahlala eSanta Thomas Island, oseDenmark, wabe esethuthela eFrance wahlala eduzane nenhloko-dolobha.
UCamille wafunda esikoleni saseboard, ekugcineni wangena kwi-Academy of Savari. Le nsizwa ekuqaleni yaqala ukwazisa ubuciko futhi eminyakeni yakhe yabafundi yathatha izifundo zokudweba nokupenda othisha besikhungo semfundo. Lapho eneminyaka engu-17 ubudala, uPissarro wabhala ngentshiseko ngentshiseko emvelweni, futhi uyise ongazange athathe ubuqambi emsebenzini wakhe, waphoqa indodana yakhe ukuthi isebenze ebhizinisini lomndeni.
Ngo-1951, uCamille washiya indlu yabazali futhi wathuthela eVenezuela, lapho asebenza khona njengomculi womculi isikhashana. Ukuqoqa iphothifoliyo, insizwa yapenda konke okubonayo, okubandakanya izindawo zasemakhaya nezigcawu zasekhaya, futhi ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, ibuyele eFrance, yahlela umsizi kumhlangano we-Danish Painter Anton Melbe.
EParis, uPissarro uvakashele izifundo ezizimele nezifundo zamakhosi e-Osusch Academy, ngaphezu kokunye okukhetha imisebenzi kaJean-Batista Coro. Imisebenzi yakhe yokudabuka yaba yimihlaba eminingi yaseSt. Thomas, kanye nemidwebo yezakhamuzi zayo: "Bay eSt Thomas", "iBudoras emabhange", "indawo egcwele izibalo emfuleni" nabanye.
Ukudala
Ekwakhiweni kokuqala kwePissarro, ukunemba kokudluliswa kobuhle be-pristine yobuhle bekugugulwe. Umculi washiya imigwaqo yedolobha eqinile, waphuma wayosebenza emaphandleni asemaphandleni nasezindaweni ezidwetshiwe zomhlaba. Ngaphandle kokuthatha izidingo zama-salon, i-camille yathola abantu abanomqondo ofanayo lapho bebhekene ne-Claude Monet, i-Arman Giomena namasimu weCezanne futhi baqala ukubhala imisebenzi elula engabonwa ngumphakathi futhi ayikhokhiswa kugalari.
Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwemidwebo yalesi sikhathi kwakuwukudalulwa okubekwe egumbini labanye amakhosi ngo-1863. Ukuthuthela eNgilandi ngeminyaka yama-1870s kuthonye kahle i-biography yomculi. UPissarro wabuyekeza isimo esingesihle sokusebenza esitudiyo, futhi imidwebo yakhe yaqala ukuthola ukubukeka okuzenzakalelayo.
Ngo-1870-1871, lo mculi wabhala u-12 usebenza ngamafutha, odume kakhulu owaba "yisonto labo bonke abangcwele eNorwood" kanye "neCrystal Palace eLondon". Umdwebi kuze kube sekupheleni kwempilo ehlala ngaphansi kwethonya lezindawo zaseBrithani futhi waphindwaphindwa kaningi ku-alvuon yenkungu, ukuvusa izindawo zazo eziyizintandokazi kwi-canvas.
Lapho ebuyela eFrance, uPissarro wafunda ngethukile kangangokuba ngemidwebo eyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.5 eshiywe eParis, basinda kuphela abangama-42, kanti nabo bonke abanye bendwangu baphangiwe noma babhujiswa ngamasosha. Kucatshangelwa ukuthi umsebenzi olahlekile umbhali wabhala ngendlela ye-wavesting green, ebhalela izinyathelo zokuqala zale nto eyingqayizivele yokudala.
UCamille wabona inhlekelele futhi, esethuthele edolobhaneni, wabhala uchungechunge lwemisebenzi ye-lyrical, enye yayo yayingumdwebo "wokungena edolobhaneni laseVouisen". Ngo-1873, wadlala indima enkulu ekwakheni umphakathi wobuciko, i-United Masters-Roguez, ukuqoqa ndawonye amasimu aseCezanna, uClaude Monet, u-Edward Mana, uPierre Augustre Renuara no-Edgar Degas.
Ngokushesha leli qembu lahlela umbukiso wokuqala wobuqambi babagxeki, abagxeki bethukile abakwazi ukuqonda izindwangu zenkolo kuphela, zomlando nezenkolo. Izithombe zeNhlangano eNtsha zazithathwa njengezinhlambi futhi ezejwayelekile, futhi isitayela sokupenda sabizwa ngokuthi sihle kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nendlela yobuciko bendabuko.
Ukusetshenziswa kwama-smear aqhakazile futhi azwakalayo kanye namathunzi asuka ezintweni zesipoki, abafowethu ababungcwabeni bathathwa njenge-amateur nokuhlekisa phezu komculi ohlonishwayo womculi.
Ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1980, uPissarro wayekhathele yi-Implempless futhi waqala ukuhlola amasu amasha nezindlela zokupenda. Umculi wayefuna ukuthola amehlo omphakathi kwezinye izinto ezilula, edweba abantu ngemuva kwemisebenzi ejwayelekile yansuku zonke. Lesi sithombe sasiwumdwebo we- "portrait weMadame Pissarro ngokufekethisa phambi kwewindi", ebhalwe ngo-1879.
Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5, i-Master yayisenziwa nge-Neo-ratession kanye nendlela yesayensi yokupenda, yaveza ukusetshenziswa kwezindawo zekhrisithi zezimbali ezihlanzekile, ezixutshwe lapho kufinyelela.
Kuze kube ngu-1888, i-Camille yenza le ndlela ebuhlungu neyabasebenzi yale ncwadi futhi idale inqwaba yemisebenzi evele esigabeni esikhethekile embukisweni we-Freinident ngo-1886, "vytal", "umhlambi" wezimvu "futhi" il lacro rouen inkungu umphumela. "
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1980s, uPissarro wabuyela esifundweni sokuqala, ethi lolu hlelo lwephuzu lwalungeyona imvelo. Umculi waphinde wathatha izinhlobo zezindawo ezithandwayo zasemakhaya nezigcawu ezivela empilweni yomuntu olula futhi wabhala cishe amapende ayi-100, imidwebo yasendlini kanye ne-Bridge of The Kew "," Park in Kew "," Ipaki Yezinyoni ", njll.
Emdala, umdwebi waqala ukuhlushwa ukutheleleka kwamehlo okungamahlalakhona, okwakungakhiphi ukuhlala futhi kusebenze emgwaqweni. Uma ubheka esibukweni, uPissarro wadonsela ama-portraits amaningi futhi wadala uchungechunge lwemidwebo esihlokweni sedolobhana.
Ekushoneni kwelanga, uCamille wabhala umjikelezo ongenakuqhathaniswa kwezinhlobo zemigwaqo yaseParis, ama-boulevards nezikwele, eziqukethe imisebenzi engama-30. Kusuka emafasiteleni angenhla, umdwebi wabuka impilo yedolobha futhi waveza kabusha ku-canvas. "Montmartre Boulevard eParis", "Ukuhamba nge-Opera eParis. Umphumela weqhwa. Ekuseni "kanye ne-" epsier Street, i-rouen (umphumela welanga) "yaba yindalo enkulu ye-FiferIst futhi wawela eqoqweni leminyuziyamu emihle kakhulu emhlabeni.
Abantu besikhathi besikhathi besikhathi besingazazi kahle umdwebi wezinhlungu futhi abazange bashise nesifiso sokuthenga imidwebo yakhe. Iqhawe nempumelelo yezentengiselwano kwafika ePissarro ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi ngemuva kokushona kwalo mculi, okwaqala ukulinganiselwa ezigidini zamaRandi futhi kuboniswa emahholo adumile kanye nezembatho zaseRussia, eYurophu kanye ne-USA.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngokuphikisana nentando yabazali ngo-1871, uCamille wathatha incekukazi yomkakhe igama lakhe uJulie Velley, owayeyindodakazi yesivini futhi wabeletha umdwebi wezingane eziyi-8. Lo mndeni wawuhlala ngaphandle kweParis, lapho iPisserrro ingakujabulela khona ukubulawa komhlaba nokusebenza ngokuzolile.
Ifa elinokuphola ngenxa yothando ngowesifazane ojwayelekile, umdwebi wezinhlungu unciphise ukuphela ngeziphetho, isimo sezezimali sathuthuka kancane ekugcineni kwempilo, lapho kwenye yemibukiso benza kabusha imidwebo yakhe. Ngemuva kokuqala kwempi yaseFranco-Prussian, ungenalo ithuba lokungena ebuthweni ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezakhamizi zaseFrance, uPissarro wathutha izihlobo eNgilandi, futhi eminyakeni emi-2 wabuyela ekungenisweni kweParis.
Amadodana achithe isikhathi esiningi emhlanganweni wobaba kababa futhi kancane kancane ajoyine inqubo yokudala. Umlandeli onekhono kakhulu wamasiko womculi kwakunguLucien Pissarro, owazinikelanga ukupenda, i-xylography kanye nemifanekiso.
UGeorges Henri, owayenguJulie noCamille, owayeyingane enesiphiwo. Ngokukhetha lo mculi, yena, ngokungafani noyise nomfowabo, bathathwa ngabanamuhla futhi badale i-canvas ngaphansi kwethonya lobuhlakani bakaHojn.
Ukushona
Imininingwane nezimbangela zokufa kweCamille Pissarro azikaziwa. Kukhiywe iminyaka engu-73 ubudala, ngoNovemba 12, 1903 lo mculi washonelwa egumbini lamahhotela eParis.
Umdanso wembelwa emathuneni adumile we-Beshes, etholakala empumalanga yenhlokodolobha yaseFrance.
Imidwebo
- Ngo-1864 - "Wagon ngezihlahla"
- Ngo-1869 - I-Landscape in Luveresen
- Ngo-1871 - "Nizhny Norwood"
- Ngo-1874 - "Street in Eritiation Pontoazier"
- 1877 - "Amasimu"
- Ngo-1883 - "Cowgirl"
- Ngo-1887 - "Isihlahla se-Apple e-EURA"
- 1889 - "Izitaki"
- Ngo-1891 - UKosari eholidini "
- Ngo-1893 - "Street Saint Lazar"
- Ngo-1897 - "I-Montmartre Boulevard ekuseni nenkungu"
- Ngo-1899 - "Imidwebo yenkambu ye-Emil"
- Ngo-1902 - "Ibhuloho le-NES In For"
- 1903 - "Avtopratret"