I-Biograge
Ngemuva kokushona kukaJoan Crawford wadlula iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi nambili, igama lalona wesifazane lisasele uphawu lomculi nabesifazane abanohlamvu olukhulu. Ubuhle bangaphandle, induku engakholeki yangaphakathi nokuqina kwamvuma ukuba ame emgqeni owodwa ngenganekwane enjalo ye-cinema, njengoTreta Garbo no-Greta Garbo nothando lwababukeli, abasekhona naye.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-Biography Joan Crawford, njengendaba yowesifazane weqiniso, igcwele izimfumbe. Ngisho nakusebusheni, umlingisi ushintshe igama lakhe ngokukhetha i-pseudonym. Eqinisweni, umculi wabizwa ngokuthi uLucil Fei Lesur. Unyaka wokuzalwa, uJoan wahlala engaziwa - Usuku olusemthethweni lubizwa nge-1904, kepha eminye imithombo igcizelela ngosuku olulandelayo. Mhlawumbe, umlingisi ngokwawo akahlali njalo abize iminyaka yangempela, eyalandela ngemuva komthombo wokuqagela nokunganembile.
Abalingisi bengane abakwazi ukubizwa ngokuthi abanamafu: Abazali bakaLucille omncane bahlukana ngaphambi kokuzalwa kwendodakazi (ngokwenye inguqulo - ngokushesha emva kwalokho). Noma kunjalo, umama wenkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo wahlala yedwa nezingane ezintathu (le ntombazane yayinomfowethu nodadewethu odala). Ngenhlanhla, lona wesifazane washeshe wahlangana nendoda eyayingesabi ithemba lokuba nguyise wezingane ezintathu.
Yile ndoda - uHenry J. Cassin - ngifaka uLucille endaweni yesehlakalo nokwenza. Iqiniso ngukuthi ubaba wokutholwa wentombazane kwakuyimenenja ye-opera, eyamvumela ukuba achithe isikhathi esiningi ngemuva kwezigcawu, ebuka ukuphindukuzalwa komlingo kwabaculi.
Umlingo wesigcawu wahlaba umxhwele le ntombazane, futhi ngokushesha waqala ukudansa. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi womdansi akazange aphumelele: Lapho izingane sezikhulile, umama wabo noHenry J. Cassin bahlukanisile. Kwakungekho mali yokuqeqeshwa kokufunda, noLucil kwadingeka ukuba azosiza umndeni usinde. Mayelana nomdanso kwakudingeka bakhohlwe.
Kamuva, le ntombazane isangene ekolishi. Ekuseni, wayeba khona njalo amakilasi, futhi kusihlwa bathathelwa noma yimuphi umsebenzi. Kodwa-ke, ngesigqi esinjalo, angikwazanga ukubamba isikhathi eside, futhi uLucille washiya izifundo zakhe ekugcineni.
Amafilimu
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi inkanyezi yesikhathi esizayo kwadingeka isebenze nomthengisi, kanye nesitsha, iphupho lesigameko lalisakhula enhliziyweni yakhe. Intombazane ayiphuthelwa umncintiswano owodwa wabalingisi be-novice, futhi nayo yadansa endaweni ye-cafe yendawo. Kukhona i-Lucille Crawford (ngakho-ke wavela ngaleso sikhathi) futhi waphawula umkhiqizi kaJacob Schubert. Ngokushesha, uLucile wayesesesigabeni sesinye semidlalo yaseshashalazini yaseBroadway, kwathi ngo-1925 wathola indima yokuqala eHollywood.
Kwakuyisithombe "sobuhle." Le ntombazane yakwenza ukuthi uDibot yakhe njengoJoan Crawford, efaka igama eliphelele ekugcizeleleni kwabakhiqizi. Ngasikhathi sinye, walethwa ohlwini lwabaqalayo abathembisayo, futhi maduze nje igama elithi Joan Cratford lase livele lavela ezinkomeni zika "tramp, ukugaya, ukugibela" umqondisi "ongezibo ".
Ifilimu likaJoan lagcwaliswa kancane kancane ngezindima ezintsha, futhi inkazimulo yangempela yafika yaze yakhanyisa nge-movie ethule. Ukubonakala komsindo kumafilimu kubhubhise umsebenzi wabaculi abaningi ngaleso sikhathi, kodwa kwaba ukunqoba koJona uqobo: Izwi elivezwayo elingokomzwelo laba abalingisi abasezingeni eliphakeme kwikhono lakhe lobuzenzisi.
Iphethini yomqondo wokudabuka komlingisi kwakuyitheyiphu ye- "Lady", lapho ahlabelela khona izingoma ezimbalwa. Ama-1930s abhekwa njengenkonzo echumayo uJoan. Izithombe ezithi "I-Stolen Jewelels" ziye ekuqashweni (lapha abalingani beCrawford ezisethiwe zaba yi-Britable Baster Keaton ne-Shire Shirer), "Grand Hotel" eqondiswe ngu-Edmund Gould, "thanda ukugijima".
Ngo-1937, umlingisi waba yi-prototype yesithombe sendlovukazi embi ekhathuni "iqhwa elimhlophe kanye nemifudlana eyisikhombisa".
Kepha ukuqala kwawo-1940 kwabe sekuyisikhathi sokuzola okuthile komlingisi. Kodwa-ke, kakade ngo-1945, uJoan Crawford wadlala ePiercery Pierred Filvery. Le ndima yamlethela umklomelo we-Oscar, kanye nezimemo eziningi ezivela kubaqondisi. Esikhathini esizayo, kuzoqokwa ngokutholwa kweKinonagrada enkulu yaseMelika kabili, kodwa, ngeshwa, akuphumelelanga.
Umsebenzi wokugcina weCrawford waba isithombe esithi "Kwenzekani kuMntwana Jane?", Ekhishwe ngo-1962. Lapha inkanyezi idlale umbhangqwana noBetti Davis, isitha sakhe esidala. Naphezu kweminyaka eminingi yobutha, bobabili abalingisi babonise ubungcweti futhi abavumanga ubutha bethu bathonye inqubo yokudubula. Ifilimu seliphenduke impumelelo yangempela, ngesikhathi esifushane ngokwephula amarekhodi okuqasha.
Kamuva, uJoan Crawford wabona amanye amasayithi amaningi asesethwe, kepha le midwebo ayiphumelelanga. Ifilimu lokugcina emsebenzini womculi kwakunguMqondisi we- "Trop" waseJalimane Cohen, enyatheliswa ngawo-1970s. Futhi eminyakeni emi-4 kamuva, owesifazane wagcina ukuvela obala. Izithombe ezivela ekwamukelweni okulandelayo, uJoan wayecasukile:
"Uma ngibukeka kanjalo, khona-ke ngeke usangibona," kusho uCrawford.Wagcina isithembiso futhi waqala ukuhola impilo eseceleni.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu uJoan Crawford uphinde waba yisizathu sokuhleba nokuqagela. Uthathwe amanoveli nabadlali nabaculi futhi baphinde bahlangana ngokuxhumana okufushane noMarilyn Monroe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kuhlale kungukucatshangwa kwabalandeli kanye nezintatheli.
UTernabach Ray Sterling waba yiBuhle Bokuqala BoHoywood Ubuhle. Ngokusho kwamahemuhemu, nguye owasekela uJona lapho lenza izinyathelo zokuqala zibheke enkazimulweni. Kodwa-ke, lobu budlelwano babuhlala isikhashana, kwathi ngo-1924, uJoan Crawford washada nomculi uJames Wellon. Lo mshado, njengokuningi e-biography yabadlalikazi, wahlala uyimfihlakalo - naye akazange athi kuye, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukuqiniseka ukuthi lo mshado usemthethweni.
Ngo-1929, umyeni kaJoan waba ngumlingisi Douglas Fairbanks Jr .. Ekuqaleni, ubudlelwano babonakala bungenamafu, kodwa ngo-1933, abashadikazi bahlukana. Imbangela yesehlukaniso kwakuwuthando olusha lukaCrawford, okuyi-Clark Gableble.
Le nsanuko nayo yahlala isikhashana - eminyakeni emibili kamuva umlingisi washada noFrancho Town, kwathi ngo-1942 waphinde wahamba ngaphansi komqhele noPhillip Terry. Womabili la madoda, kanye noJoan, abebekele inkanyezi e-cinema.
Kepha okhethiweyo olandelayo okhethiwe eHollywood Star wayengumuntu, kude nomhlaba we-cinema - u-Alfred Styl, ilungu leBhodi labaqondisi bePepsiCo. Ngale ndoda uJowane waphila iminyaka emithathu, ngaphambi kokuba afe. Umlingisi wayengenazo izingane zabo, nokho, owesifazane wakhulisa amadodakazi amathathu wokutholwa nendodana yakhe.
Ukushona
Ekugugeni, uJoan Crawford wahola indlela yokuphila eseceleni. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi umfazi kungenjalo alwele umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Abalingisi kwakungeyona i-10, 1977. Imbangela yokufa yayihlaselwa yinhliziyo.
Amahlaya kanye nokumangalisa okuzungeze igama likaJoan Crawford azange angenise phansi nangemva kokushona kwakhe: iqiniso ukuthi lona wesifazane wahlanganisa ifa lamadodakazi amabili amukelwe, kodwa indodakazi kaChristine neNdodana yakhe ayizange ishiye lutho. Bonke abanye umlingisi banika isisa.
Ngemuva konyaka nesigamu, uChristina wakhipha incwadi ebizwa nge- "Sawubona Mommy", lapho azama khona ukudala isithombe sosaziwayo esingesihle kakhulu. Umsebenzi futhi wabangela i-peres enodlame futhi ngesikhathi esifushane kwaba ngumthengisi we-betterseller. Kamuva wahlatshwa umxhwele, indima enkulu esithombeni yathola uFay Danaway. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngezikhathi ezahlukahlukene, amadokhumenti anikelwe empilweni nomsebenzi womlingisi omkhulu uJoan Crawford wavela.
Izics
- 1925 - "Ubuhle"
- Ngo-1926 - "I-Tramp, iTramp, i-Tramp"
- 1929 - "ILadit"
- Ngo-1931 - "Amagugu Ebiwe"
- 1932 - "IGrand Hotel"
- Ngo-1935 - "kuphela ngaphandle kwabesifazane"
- 1936 - "Uthando Olugijimayo"
- 1945 - UMilterred Pierce
- Ngo-1962 - "Kwenzekani kuMntwana Jane?"
- Ngo-1965 - "Ngikubonile okwenzayo"
- 1970 - "Trop"