I-Biograge
Abashicileli abasebenza nge-Ovid Zone, eyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Ovid, kwakuyimbongi yamaRoma eyayiphila esikhathini sokubusa kombusi ka-Augustus. Ukuba yinhlangano yesimanje ne-horace, wangena kwabamele abathathu abaphezulu bezincwadi zezincwadi ze-Latin.
I-Master of Love lyrics yadume ngemisebenzi ngohlobo lwe-Elealia, kanye ne-epic yenkondlo "ye-metamorphosis", eyaba ngomunye wemithombo ebaluleke kakhulu esifundweni sezinsuku zasendulo. Iningi lolwazi mayelana nokuphila nomsebenzi wososayensi baka-Ovid bafundile emisebenzini yakhe uqobo, kanye nasemisebenzini yabadala kanye noBrand Fabia Quintilian.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UPublic Ovid Naughn wazalelwa edolobheni laseSulmo (Sulmona), etholakala e-Apennine Valley East of Roma ngoMashi 20, 43 BC. Emndenini wempahla yabalingana (abagibeli). Isikhundla sabazali bembongi yesikhathi esizayo emphakathini sasiphakeme, ngokwesimo sempahla, babenelungelo lokwenza ukuthengiselana kwezohwebo futhi bafaka phakathi umdlali webhizinisi wedolobha elite, futhi izingane zabo zazinelungelo lemfundo.
Ngemuva kwezifiso zikaYise, u-Ovidi, kanye nomfowabo, waqala ukutadisha i-Rhetoric kusuka ku-Aleya Fusca noMark ingxenye ye-Lateron, izindaba zokuhlaselwa koMbuso wasendulo waseRoma. Ngemuva kwesitayela esingokomzwelo, esingesonakeleko sokuqhuba izingxoxo nezingxabano, amaculo wesikhathi esizayo akazange afise ukukwazi ukwahlukana okudingekayo ukuze kwenzeke ngokomthetho olungiselelwe nguye. Ukuphonsa izifundo zakhe, le nsizwa yahamba yahamba yavakashela e-Athene, eMalaya Asia naseSicily.
Ebusheni be-Ovid, wabamba izikhala ezinkulu zomphakathi, wayeyilungu le-Centumvir, ekolishi lezindaba zombuso, futhi naseMnyangweni kaDisemba, owenza imithwalo yemfanelo engokomoya nengokwezwe.
Cishe iminyaka engama-29-25 bc. Le nsizwa yaqonda ukuthi inkonzo yombuso ye-Alien kuze kube yilapho isimilo nomumo wayo kanye nomlingiswa wakhe, yasula esikhundleni, ubaba ososizini namanye amalungu omndeni. Ngalesi sikhathi, u-Ovida waheha izincwadi, futhi yena uqobo, wakhohliswa ukuba abe yimbongi edumile, wangena embuthanweni okhethwe ngaphansi kwama-auspices kaMark Valery Mesal Corvin. Inkulumo yokuqala ye-novice kahle yabhalwa cishe ngo-25 ngonyaka BC, kusukela kuleli phuzu, ososayensi baziphatha ukubala phansi kwe-biography ye-ovid.
Ubumbongi
Iminyaka engama-25 yokuqala ye-Reging Reality Career Career Career Ovidius izinkondlo ezinikezelwe izingqikithi ezihlanganayo ohlontwe. Inqubo yokulandelana kwezikhathi zokuvela kwamaqoqo akwaziwa ukuphela, kepha kucatshangwa ukuthi ukwakheka kwayo kwasekuqaleni kwembongi kwakungu "Hloidates", okuqukethe izinhlamvu ezingama-21 zamadivayisi angenabo abakhona. Ubuqiniso bezinkondlo ezithile zomjikelezo buphonswe inselelo kaninginingi, kepha ezinkondlweni eziningi ababhali be-ovid ngokungangabazeki.
Emisebenzini yokuqala yembongi, ososayensi bathi i-Amores Collection, eyayiqukethe izingoma ezithandekayo ze-erotic ezinikezelwe entombini ye-corinne eyengayo. Ngokusho kohlobo lokusinda, ungahlulela ithalente elimangalisayo le-ovid, elalisebenzisa isipiliyoni salo nokubuka ukuchaza imizwa nokuhlangenwe nakho.
Ngemuva kokuthi ukushicilelwa kwalo msebenzi kucishe kube ngu-15-16 kuya ku-AD. I-Ovid yaba ngenye yezimbongi ezithandwa kakhulu eRoma futhi ihanjiswe emphakathini kusizi lwenhlekelele yomphakathi "Medea" kanye nomjikelezo wezinkondlo "Isayensi yothando" ezingxenyeni ezi-3. Izincwadi - amapharadi ezincwadi ze-didactic - waba inzuzo yokuyenga nokukhungatheka, okuhloswe ngakho kwabesilisa nabesifazane. Isitayela samavesi abona i-frevoline, kepha umbhali wachaza ukuthi isiluleko sasigxile kwizakhamizi ezijwayelekile zombuso nabantu abangabazi - izivakashi zaseRoma.
Ku-1 BC. I-Ovid yashicilela le nkondlo "Umuthi Ovela Kuthando" futhi wangena kwinani lamasendla amahle aseRoma e-Galla, iTibulla kanye ne-Properation. Le ncwadi, eyayibhekiswe kwabesilisa, yanikeza izindlela zokuqeda amakhosikazi nezintombi zezinto zokubopha futhi yaphetha isikhathi sobuciko obunothando lobuciko benkondlo.
Wanelisekile ngamavesi amahle, uvid wanquma ukudala umsebenzi omkhulu kanye nesikhangiso esingu-8. Umsebenzi oqediwe enkondweni yama-epic "i-metamorphosis". Izinkondlo ezibhalwe yi-gecmeter, ngokunemba kwe-encyclopedic kwethule isithombe sezinwele emhlabeni kusuka ekuveleni kwesikhala ku-apotherapy, uJulia Caesar. Izindaba ezilandelwa ngokulandelana, zalandiswa ngokuguqulwa kanye nokuguqulwa kwezimo ze-phenomena nezinhlamvu.
Ezincwadini eziyi-15, izinganekwane ezingama-250 zanamuhla zashiwo ziyizincwadi ezihlelekile, ngokwendawo noma ngokuhleliwe. Lo msebenzi wamukelwa njengomsebenzi ongcono kakhulu wama-ovid odume ngokuthandwa ngabantu besikhathi kanye nezizukulwane futhi uhunyushelwe ezilimini eziningi zomhlaba.
Ngokuhambisana ne- "metamorphosis", imbongi yasebenza eqoqweni le-biennie elibizwa nge- "Readling". Ukubuyela ekhasini le-Elelley, i-Ovid ihlele ukuchaza inyanga ngayinye yonyaka wekhalenda, inaka amaholide, amasiko enkolo, izehlakalo zemvelo, kepha yaphoqeleka ukwenqaba iphrojekthi ngenxa yokwakheka kuka-Agasti.
Imbangela yama-opals kanye nokuxoshwa okulandelayo kwezingoma ezikude neRoma City of Toma zisebenza njenge- "Iphutha" elingaziwa, elibhekwa njengecala. Ngokusho kwabanye abacwaningi, umthombo wentukuthelo yombuso wawungenye yezinkondlo zokuqukethwe ezinzima, unciphise imithetho yokuziphatha kanye nemigomo yombuso wamaRoma. Abanye bakholelwa ukuthi izincwadi zaziyinkomba nje yokuqeda uvid, ukufihla izisusa zezepolitiki noma zomuntu siqu.
Esixhumanisi, imbongi yazulazula eRoma futhi yaqamba i-imeyili ephelelwe yithemba futhi edabukisayo. 2 Ukuqoqwa kwalesi sikhathi esibizwa nge- "Helive Elincane" kanye "nezincwadi ngePonta", kwathi kuneminyaka engu-9 kuya ku-12 ubudala Ngaleso sikhathi esifanayo, abacwaningi bathatha umsebenzi ogciniwe ka- "Ibis", okwakuyinduna yesitha, eyamenza igama elithembekile lamazwi adumile.
Usizi olusezingeni eliphezulu lwaphenduka umthombo obaluleke kakhulu wolwazi mayelana nekusasa lokudala nelomuntu siqu le-ovid. Izinkondlo zokubhoboza ezigcwele imizwa ebubimeni belandisiwe esikhathini esidlule nesinamafu esidlule soMdali "Metamorphosis". Ukuhlanganiswa kwakuqukethe izincwadi ezi-5 lapho imbongi ichaze khona imininingwane yekhaya yempilo ye-OPT, i-LED AREFALY, izindima zomkakhe, futhi yathumela nezicelo zomusa nensindiso.
Ku "Izincwadi ezivela ePonta", ukuphelelwa yithemba kokudingiswa kufinyelele ku-apogee. Ngezinkondlo zohlobo lwe-ovid wancenga abangane ukuthi bamelane naye phambi kombusi futhi batshele izibalo eziphakeme kakhulu ngempilo enzima kude neRoma.
Izicelo zokuthethelela uLirik ziguqulwe ngendaba ephathelene nokuphila ngempilo yakwamanye amazwe neyodwa, kanye nencazelo yohlobo lolwandle olumnyama lwasolwandle nokubonisana ngokuguqulwa kwekusasa. Emsebenzini wokugcina wokuqoqwa kwe-ovid, waphendukela esitha sakhe amshiye wedwa futhi asinike ukufa buthule.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Imininingwane mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu yabaphenyi be-ovidi abayifundile emisebenzini yenkondlo, ngakho-ke washada amahlandla ama-3.
Oshade naye wokuqala ovezwa ngokugcizelela kukaYise kwakufanele avikele insizwa ngenxa yokungasho lutho nokuziphatha okuhle. Kodwa-ke, ithonya layo laphenduka eliphambene nalo: imbongi ayigcinanga kuphela ukuvela emphakathini wabangane, kodwa futhi yathola namaphathi amabi anikela izinkondlo nenhle. Umfazi osemncane akazange alethe ukunganaki futhi onenhlonipho umyeni wakhe futhi ahlukanise naye ngemuva nje komshado.
Ovid wesibili ovid washada, kulandela imizwa yakhe eyaphela ngokushesha futhi ayizange ikhule ibe ubudlelwano bomndeni obuqinile. Kunomqondo wokuthi umlingani omusha owabeletha imbongi yezingane ezi-2, wabe esemshiya, esemiswe izihlobo zabo ngesehlukaniso.
Umlando wangempela wothando ubuwubudlelwano besithathu be-Ovidi nowesifazane ogama lakhe linguFabia, okwakungokwabani lyrics intombi ethembekile kanye nomthombo wokuphefumlelwa. Umuntu othanda izinkampani ezinomsindo wenqabile impilo ende, ukhetha umphakathi womlingani, ubuciko obunamathela.
Le idyll yephule ukuxoshwa kwe-ovid edolobheni elikude edolobheni laseToma (Sovr. IConstanta), lapho indoda ihamba yedwa, yathuma ukunakekelwa kwendlu nempahla. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi uFabia wayehlangene ngandlela thile nomndeni wakwa-patrician onomthelela nabonga kulokhu waleseka umyeni wakhe ngesikhathi kubhekiswa.
Ukushona
Ukusekudingisweni, uvid washona esimweni sokudangala okujulile nokudangala. Abangani nezihlobo abakwazanga ukusiza imbongi ibuyele eRoma. Ngokusho kwesinye sezingcaphuno ezaziwayo, uLirik wayefuna, "ukuze ukufa kwamphefumulela phakathi komsebenzi." Kwathi kwenzeka.
Njengoba usuqede umsebenzi kumjikelezo wenkondlo obizwa nge- "Izincwadi ezivela ePonta", ovid washona emafutheni kude nezwe elingu-17 ad. iminyaka engama-59 ubudala. Izizathu zokunakekelwa okugcwele kwembongi enkulu yasendulo yamaRoma zahlala zingaziwa.
Amacaphuna
"Ngomqondo, awukho mgwaqo ongenakulinganiswa" "Umona Unomona futhi naye uhlushwa" "UHerbrome Umhlaba wonke - i-Fatherland" "Lokho esingakwenzanga ukuthi wethu,Ukusebenza
- I- "heroids"
- "Amores"
- "Isayensi Yothando"
- "Umuthi Ovela Kuthando"
- "I-Metamorphosis"
- "Ukudla"
- "Usizi luhle"
- "Ibis"
- "Isayensi Yokudoba"
- "Izincwadi ngePonta"