I-Biograge
Ukuba ngumlandeli omuhle we-Great Mission kuyindaba enesibopho futhi ebalulekile. I-cosmonaut yesibili ngemuva kokuthi uValentina Tereshkova akakwazanga nje ukuphinda uma owandulelwa ngaphambili, ngakho endiza yesibili ngokushesha wangena esikhaleni esivulekile. Kulawo marekhodi bekungaphelile - USvetlana Savitskaya ukuphela kwekati2 ye-USSR, eyathola umhloli ohlonishwayo weqhawe lezwe lakhe.Ubuntwana nentsha
Kubukeka sengathi u-Savitskaya kusukela azalwa ubenzelwe ukuya lapho, lapho ukuthula ngokuphelele, ukuthula nokubusa infinity. Futhi usuku lwesifunda emhlabeni, wakhetha okufanelekile, ngamashumi amathathu, noma, njengoba abizwa ngokuthi, izimpawu ezingena ngaphansi kuka-Infinity - Agasti 8, 1948. Isipho sesibili esijabulisayo sesiphelo saba ngabazali: ubaba - umshayeli wendiza kanye nokundiza okumasha, noMama owayesebenza eceleni nomyeni wakhe ngesikhathi seMpi enkulu yokuthanda izwe.
Umkhulu ekhanda lomndeni walowo mndeni waseNovorossiysk, wasebenza ngojantshi, washona ekuseni kakhulu. Futhi umkakhe, uthisha ngomsebenzi, kwadingeka aphakamise amadodana amane. Okwesikhashana, u-Evgeny Yakovlevich waze wabhale ngisho nalesi sisebenzi, wabe esewela esikoleni sezinguquko kanye nesikole sendiza.
Ngakho-ke, intokozo yabo okuwukuphela kwendodakazi esibhakabhakeni kanye nesiyalo sensimbi, esazibonakalisa ngesikhathi sesikole futhi saqiniseka emakamu amaphayona, lapho kwakukhona amaholide ehlobo njalo. Iningi labo bonke ababambe iqhaza ekukhulisweni kukagogo wezingane, eminyakeni emi-5 bafunda ukukhanya okufundwayo, bhala, dlala kupiyano.
NgokukaSvetlana Evgeevna, akazange aphuphe ngalo msebenzi wendiza, kanye ne-methyl ngokushesha kuma-astronats, aphefumulelwe yi-hermann titov. Futhi wonke amabutho aphoqa ukuthuthukiswa okusondele kwesayensi ngqo, wafunda nezincwadi eziphrintiwe ezaba nomthelela ekukhanyisweni kwabantu abasha esiyalweni esidumile se-cosmic. Zibona ngokwakho ukuthi ukulungiselela izindiza kuyadingeka, eminyakeni engu-16 baye babhala ku-Dosaaf, esigabeni se-parachute jump.
Kuvele kwakuyisithiyo endleleni eya egoli - ukuntuleka kokucucuka kwezemidlalo okudingekayo ukuvala amehlo emnyakeni onjalo - kwasiza ukunqoba uMfundisi Wezemfundo Yomzimba. Le ndoda yathatha yonke imizwa nemiklomelo yeqembu lesikole ku-basketball emiqhudelwaneni yasemadolobheni, lapho i-Savitskaya ibamba iqhaza khona, futhi yanikeza iziqu zakhe ezifanele.
Okulandelayo, kwavela isigaba esisha e-Biography yentombazane - iTushonsky Central Airfield, lapho wonke amakhono nezinhlamvu kwadingeka afunde khona ngokuzimela. Ngokushesha, ukuqaphela ukuthi amacala amabili ngeke akwazi ukukwenza, wenza ukukhetha okuthandwa yizindiza.
Ngokuqondene nemfundo ephakeme, i-Savitskaya futhi lapha ikhombisa ukukhuthazela okungcono, ukuvakashela isikhungo se-metropolitan aviation kanye necebo lendiza eKaluga. Unqobe umdlalo we-Pilot, ufake amarekhodi ekugxumeni kusuka ku-stratosphere futhi cishe ama-20 - endizeni ye-jet. Kwaphela iminyaka emi-3, "kusho uMiga-25pa" ukuthi ukusebenza kwabesifazane okuphezulu kuyizindiza zabesifazane.
Cosmonautics
Ikhefu phakathi kwezindiza eTereshkova naseLivetska lalihleliwe - cishe iminyaka engama-20. Owesifazane osesimweni, esitatimendeni esigabeni seNdlovukazi yaseSergei, wathathwa njengobuze, ukuboshwa kwalezi zinto eziphikisanayo ngalesi sikhathi kwahlakazwa. Kepha impi ebandayo ayiphelanga, kwathi lapho nje yaziwa ukuthi e-US, iqoqo labasebenzi besifazane, ligxilile e-USSR.
Uzwile ngakho, uSvetlana, ojikeleza emibuthanweni yezindiza, inani loMklami Omkhulu uValentina Glushko, obhekele uhlelo lwesikhala, amemezele ngqo, amemezele ukuthi ahlangane. I-Tet-A-tet yenzeka ngerekhodi izinsuku ezi-2, futhi ngawo-1980s, u-Savitskaya ubesezinhlokweni zalabo abafisa "ukusunduza ama-explanse omhlaba." Futhi ngonyaka owedlule, wanqunywa yi-test-astronaut.
Kwagcwaliseka iphupho elide ngo-1982, lapho lisendaweni yangaphandle 'ezinhlanganweni' kanye 'nokubingelela - 7 ", kwenziwa izivivinyo zezokwelapha nezemvelo. Futhi ngo-1984, okokuqala ngqa kusuka kubameleli bobulili obuthakathaka, kwashicilelwa endaweni evulekile, lapho kwakhiqizwa khona ukuthengisa kwensimbi.
"Kuyiqiniso, kwawukuhlola okusemqoka kwayo yonke le ndiza. Sakwenza kahle, ngaphandle kwamaphutha, ngaphandle kwe-PE. Empeleni, lapho ungena ngaphandle kweCosmos, le yinto ebaluleke kakhulu - ukwenza lokho obekulungiselela. Ngakho-ke, eminye imizwa ekhethekile, uyazi, okunjalo, yilokho okwenzeka ngalolu suku, cha, "kukhumbula umthengi.
Ngokusho asebenza nabo eqhulwini, wayehlala efuna ukufeza imisebenzi ngokuzimela futhi ngenkani waya ekufezeni ilitshe.
Ukusebenzela i-Motherland akuzange kuyeke ukukhonza emhlabeni - wabamba isikhundla sePhini likaHulumeni weRussia Federation, futhi manje uyaqhubeka nokusebenza emhlanganweni wePhalamende futhi ufundise eyunivesithi yakhe yangempela.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngemuva kokuthi "Uhambo lwemabhizinisi luphumelele" oluphumelele endaweni yonke "nowesifazane osemgwaqweni, amahemuhemu aqala ukwakheka kokuvalelwa kwabesifazane ngokuphelele. Kepha ngaphambi kokuboshwa kwangempela, leli cala alifinyelelanga, futhi uSvetlana Savitskaya waya esimemeyo ngenxa yokuzalwa kwendodana kaKonstantin (1986), naye ophothule eMai, kodwa futhi akazange athathe isinqumo sokuya ezinyathelweni zabazali .
I-satellite yempilo ye-astronaut yayingeyena ozakwethu, njengoba bekujwayelekile ngaleso sikhathi, futhi unjiniyela onekhono kanye noPilot Viktor Khatkovsky bavela kumaMinsk. Ukujwayelana kokushada kwezimali zesikhathi esizayo kwenzeka ebusheni, eqenjini likazwelonke leSoviet Union kuma-aerobatics.
Ngemisebenzi evelele uSvetlana Evgeevna unikeze inani elikhulu lemiklomelo, kodwa lapho evuma engxoxweni ngesikhathi sokugubha iminyaka engama-70 ubudala, okuhlukile kwalo akuzwakali, kanye nemiphumela yemiphumela womsebenzi. "
Ngo-1988, ukukhanya kwabona incwadi ye-biographical "izolo futhi ngaso sonke isikhathi", ihambisana nezithombe ezingandile kanye namaqiniso avela empilweni yomuntu siqu, lapho iCosmonaut ilandiswa ngendlela yakhe eya ephusheni nakubantu abasize ukuyisebenzisa. Isabele kahle kwifilimu "isikhathi sokuqala ', futhi" ukubingelela - 7 "Yaziswa kakhulu eqophelweni lokubukwa kwe-cinematography, hhayi ubuqiniso bokugcwaliswa kwamaqiniso.
"Ngenkathi kungekho ovumile ukwenza ifilimu ngawe. Kepha, mhlawumbe, kungaba ifilimu cishe kakhulu, hhayi nge-Space yodwa. Kungenzeka futhi abe isikhathi sokugcina ... "," umshayeli we-Soviet Test Pilot no-Astronaut baphendule ngokuvumelana nalokho.USvetlana Savitskaya manje
USvetlana evgeevna uyaqhubeka nokuzibandakanya kwezepolitiki nokufundisa eMoscow Aviation Institute, ngokuzithandela kuthatha izimemo ezinhlelweni zethelevishini nezinkulumo ngezintatheli. Isibonelo, ngesikhathi sengxoxo noTatiana Ushinova, ohlelweni "Iqhawe lami" liphendule imibuzo yokuthi kukhona "ophezulu" njengabafokazi noNkulunkulu.Ngo-2018, i-Intanethi yabuyiselwa izingxoxo ezintsha zowesifazane odumile. Isiteshi esikhulu sombuso wezwe, owamema ku "Morning Sawubona" wabuza mayelana nangesikhathi esedlule nangekusasa.
Ehlobo lika-2019, kwaphenduka iminyaka engama-35 kusukela ngosuku lweSvetlana Savitskaya.
Imiklomelo nezihloko
- Indondo yegolide. K. tsiolkovskiy Academy of Science of the USSR nama-18 diplomas of the International Federation of Aeronautics
- Izindondo Zemidlalo Yegolide Ye-USSR
- Indondo ekhethekile yokusungula irekhodi lomhlaba labesifazane lokuhlala endaweni evulekile
- Amaplanethi amabili amancane (ama-asteroids) aqanjwe ngegama ngemuva kukaSvetlana Savitsk: Cha. 4118 ("Sveta") no-No. 4303 ("Savitskaya")
- Mashi 25, 2014 - I-Order "Yezinsizakalo Eziya Ezinkonzweni Zezwe" IV Degree - Ukuze uthole impumelelo yezabasebenzi, ukuthuthukiswa komnotho wezenhlalo - ukuthuthukiswa kwezenhlalo, ukuthuthukiswa kwendawo yokuthuthuka, ukuqinisa IMISEBENZI NOMTHETHO, iminyaka eminingi yokusebenza ngenxa kanembeza, imisebenzi esebenzayo kanye nemisebenzi yomphakathi
- Ephreli 12, 2011 - Medal "ngokufanelekile ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhala" - Ukufaneleka okukhulu emkhakheni wocwaningo, ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesikhala sangaphandle, iminyaka eminingi yokusebenza ngenxa kanembeza
- Ngo-2008 - Isakhamuzi Esihlonishwayo sesifunda sase-Ostankino sedolobha laseMoscow
- Ngo-1982, 1984 - Iqhawe eliphindwe kabili leSoviet Union, okuwukuphela komuntu wesifazane - iqhawe eliphindwe kabili leSoviet Union
- 1982, 1984 - Ama-oda amabili eLenin
- 1982 - I-Cosmonaut Pilot ye-USSR
- 1976 - Order "Udumo Sign"
- Ngo-1970 - Inkosikazi eyahlonishwa yezemidlalo ye-USSR