I-Biograge
Imisebenzi kaRaphael Sathatini izohola umfundi ezweni lamazwe amangalisayo, abayeni abahle, izimpi ezinobudlova nothando olunothando. Umsebenzi womlobi wazalwa njengendlela ethokozisayo yokuzilibazisa, futhi ukuqashelwa kwangene ekuvuthweni lapho esethole isipiliyoni kubuhlakani baseBrithani. Umbhali wabhala amanoveli amahle angaphezu kwama-50 nenoveli, kepha odumile "uCaptain Blady" wamyisa esiqongweni senkazimulo nengcebo.Ubuntwana nentsha
URafael Sabatini wazalwa ngo-Ephreli 29, oneminyaka engu-1875 edolobheni lase-Yezi, e-Italy. Ubaba - Italian Vincenzo Satini, Umama - U-Anna Trafford English. Bobabili abazali balandelwa i-Opera Soloists (Tenor and Soprano), futhi babuka kakhulu. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfana wakhula emazweni kamama - kogogo nomkhulu, edolobhaneni elincanyana ngaphansi kweLiverpool.
Ukushukunyiswa kwezinzalamizi kwedolobhana laseNgilandi kwaba nokuzithuthukisa, futhi umfana wangena ezincwadini ezifundwayo, ethuthukisa ulwazi lolimi lwesiNgisi ngaphezu kwendabuko yase-Italy. Lapho abazali bakaRafael beqeda umsebenzi wokucula futhi bahlala ethekwini ngokuvula isikole sabo, baya ePortugal. Lapha ngafunda esikoleni samaKatolika, ngithola ulwazi lwesiPutukezi. Abazali bezemfundo ephelele bathumela indodana yakhe eSwitzerland, lapho kwafakwa khona isiFulentshi nesiJalimane olwazini lwePolyglot.
Ngokwazisa ngobuhlakani ezi-5 zaseYurophu, iSabatini ibuyele eNgilandi (eLiverpool) yaqala umsebenzi wayo womthengisi. Ungene enkonzweni enkulu yenkampani enkulu yokuhweba, lapho abheka khona ukuxhumana kwangaphandle kwangaphandle nabalingani. Kepha lo msebenzi unensizwa. Ukusuka emhlabeni ojabulisayo wezinhlamvu zebhizinisi kanye nezimemezelo, wadonswa kwangempela kwemibhalo yakhe nothando.
Izincwadi
URafael Sabatini uqala ukubhala ngasekupheleni kwawo-1890s. Futhi vele ngo-1902, inoveli yokuqala "abalandeli be-IVNANA". Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, kusukela ngaphansi kwepeni yombhali, inoveli eyingqophamlando "knight of the tavern", ekhuluma ngomzabalazo wamandla ka-Oliver Cromwell, wenzeka ngesizinda se-England yesikhathi sekhulu le-XVII. Lo msebenzi uletha iSabatini impumelelo yokuqala. Umlobi uphetha isivumelwano nomshicileli futhi ashiye umsebenzi ongashintshiwe kwezohwebo.
Ngo-1905, uSabatini washada, wathuthela eLondon futhi esondele emisebenzini yokubhala. Ngawo-1910s, ubhala inqwaba yemisebenzi enikelwe e-Biography yezepolitiki yakhe ethandekayo yezepolitiki miphakathi - uCesare Bordjia. Lo mlingiswa ongokomlando uvela emanoveni 'enkundleni kaDuke "kanye ne-" Life of Cesare Borjorjia "," Bunner Bull "(1912).
Ngesikhathi seMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, uSabatini wabuyela ekuhumusheni imisebenzi ngaphansi kwama-auspices wobuhlakani baseBrithani. Kepha ayiphonseli insimu ebhaliwe. Ukubhekisisa ingqikithi yezingcweti zesigodlo, umlobi ucwiliswe ezihlokweni ze-adventure. Leli yiqhawe lenoveli yakhe "Marine Hawk" - - 1915) - Inkosi yaseCorarish u-Oliver Tression, ozoba yintando yesikhathi sokukhaphela, iba isigebengu esidumile - iGrozny Corsary e-Sacre Al Bar (ulwandle hawk).
Ngenkathi abafundi bejabulela indatshana entsha yombhali othandekayo, uSabatini wathatha umsebenzi olandelayo. Umqondo wokubhala "ubusuku bezindaba" (1917) weza ngenkathi esebenza kumadokhumenti okugcina umlando. Ukuhlola izehlakalo zeminyaka edlule, umlobi uqinisile kakhulu emaphutheni amhlophe, amaqiniso angajwayelekile futhi angahlosiwe futhi wanquma ukuqoqa ndawonye izindaba ezingaqondakali kakhulu namacala amakhulu eminyaka anengxenye encane yokuhumusha komlobi. Ngenxa yalokho, kwatholakala umsebenzi wevolumu engu-2 ohlontsweni lweprosesi yomlando.
Eminyakeni eyishumi yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka, igama leSabatini lalivele laziwa kakhulu kubabhuki baseBrithani. Kepha i-apogee yombhali wombhali ifinyelele kuma-20s. Isizathu sasiwukukhishwa kwabathengisi ababili - ama-nomans "Scaramush" (1921) kanye "nodyssey Captain Blace" (1922).
Umsebenzi wokuqala wethula umfundi ngezehlakalo ze-Great French Revolution, ngokumelene nemvelaphi yommeli osemusha, u-Andre-Louis Moro, uphoqelelwa ukuba alwe nezitha zakhe ngaphansi kwemaski ye-Skaramusch Comedian.
Emsebenzini ku- "Odyssey ..." Sabatini wabuyela engqikithini yakwaMarine oyithandayo. Kulokhu protagonist yakhe nguPeter Blad, i-bachelor of Medicine kanye nezempi zangaphambili. Ngokusolwa kwengcebo yombuso, igazi lagwetshwanga ukulengiswa, kodwa esikhundleni sokubulawa kwabantu okuthengiswe ebugqilini eNtshonalanga India, ukusuka lapho waqala khona ukugoqa kwakhe okubhaliwe kumagagasi eCaribbean.
Kukholelwa ukuthi elinye lama-prototypes of uCaptain Blad yi-pirate yesiNgisi edumile yekhulu le-XVII Henry Morgan. Kodwa-ke, kusobala ukuthi umbhali wathatha isisekelo sokuthi ungubani lomuntu omkhulu walo muntu, ukuphelela kwawo ubuciko bokuphathwa kwemikhumbi, kodwa hhayi ngokweqile nokuhlukumeza ngokweqile. Iqhawe laseSabatini lingumuntu ohlonishwayo futhi lithembekile ezivumelwaneni zalo, nasenhliziyweni yakhe liphila uthando lwangempela, okukuphela futhi kuholela empilweni enokuthula.
"I-Odyssey Captain Blad" yayiphakeme kokufunda. Abashicileli bayacelwa futhi ukuthi baphethe isivumelwano sokuphinda baphindise. Umsebenzi waqala ukuhumushela kwezinye izilimi. Isasasa elinjalo elimnandi eliphefumulelwe umbhali ukuthi aqhubeke. Ngakho-ke kwabhalwa ezinye izincwadi ezi-2 ezifakiwe eTrilogy: "Chronicle of Captain Blad" (1931) ne "Luck Captain Blad" (1936).
Incwadi yesithathu yaphuma ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwenoveli ngo-1935. Umqondisi Ovelele waseMelika uMichael Cartizz, izindima eziyinhloko kwifilimu edlale izinkanyezi ze-hollywood errol flynn no-Olivia de Haviland zidlale kwifilimu.
Futhi kugagasi lempumelelo "I-Pirated Theme", iSabatini ibhala inoveli "emnyama swan", enikela ngqo uHenry Morgan ne-adventure yakhe. Ekupheleni kweminyaka yama-30s, umbhali ubhala amanoveli "imaskhi yaseVenetia" (1934) kanye ne- "Sword Islam" (1939). Ngo-1940, lesi sifo senziwa iSabatini sinciphise inqubo yokudala, yize ebhala umsebenzi ombalwa ngalesi sikhathi. Enye yazo inoveli "Columbus" (1941) ngempilo yomtholo omkhulu. Inoveli yokugcina e-Master Bibliography, "umdlali," wabona ukukhanya ngo-1949.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngo-1905, uRafael Sabatini washada nendodakazi yomthengisi omkhulu we-liverpool - uRuth Dickson. Indodana yazalwa indodana kaRafael Angelo ngamabini aqanjwe ngamabili. Ngo-1927, umfana washona engozini ngengozi: baya emotweni entsha nonina, insizwa eyayithola isipho kubazali bayo ngokuphela kwempumelelo yesikole. URuth, owayekhipha ngaphandle kwemoto, wasinda, futhi umfana wabulawa ngenxa yokulimala okulimele.
Ukufa kweNdodana okuwukuphela kwabhapathiza umlobi ekucindezelekeni okukhulu, ngokumelene nesizinda sesehlukaniso noRuthe salandelwa ngo-1931. Umlobi onesizungu ushiya iLondon futhi axazulule eClifford, wathenga indlu encane ethokomele ngasechibini. Lapha, ngemuva komsebenzi kanye ne-bachelor injabulo ye-bachelor ngesimo sokudoba, uphendulela isikhathi, ukuphulukisa kancane ekulangazelweni.
Igalelo elisha lomlobi obalulekile lizwa ngemuva kokushintsha impilo yakhe, ngo-1935 ishada neSachet yangaphambili, uChristine Christine Dixon, yamukela indodana yakhe endala uLancelota njengomdabu.
Kodwa-ke, idwala eliyinqaba kwabonakala sengathi lishushisa umlobi. Ngo-1940, uLancelot, owayesanda kuthola eMbusweni we-Britain, wahlukaniswa engozini yendiza phambi kweSabatini nomkakhe, okwenza bamenyezele ekhaya labo eClifford. Kwenzekile, ngokuhlangana kwengozi okungajwayelekile, ngosuku lokufa kwamabhayisiki. Izizathu zokulahlwa kwendiza azikaze zicaciswe.
Ukushona
Umshado uChristine, umbhali njalo ebusika waqala ukugibela iSwitzerland Resort Adelboden - ukushushuluza. NgoJanuwari 1950, bona nonkosikazi wakhe, njengenjwayelo, baya ohambweni olulindwe isikhathi eside, yize iSabatini selivele libuthakathaka kakhulu. Ukulahleka kwezingane okunolwazi akunakuthinta impilo yakhe. Cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi umbhali achithe embhedeni, kwathi ngoFebhuwari 13, 1950, uSabatini washona.
Isazi-mlando esivelele esivelele singcwatshwe othandekayo ka-Adelboden. Ithuna lakhe lihlotshiswe hhayi isithombe, kepha isikhumbuzo esihle kakhulu, esenziwe ngesandla somlingani kaChristina. USabatini uboniswe uwile, ubuso bakhe phansi, isandla sakhe sincipha isibambo sakhe, ithuluzi elithembekile lokuqamba kwakhe.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1902 - "I-IvNANA Abalandeli"
- 1904 - "I-Knight Tavern"
- Ngo-1906 - "I-Baddellis inkulu"
- 1911 - "Inkantolo yaseDerzoga"
- Ngo-1912 - "Impilo kaCesare Bordjia"
- Ngo-1915 - "Ulwandle Lukew"
- Ngo-1917 - "Ubusuku Bemlando"
- Ngo-1921 - Skaramush
- 1922 - "I-Odyssey Captain Blad"
- 1931 - "Chronicle of Captain Blad"
- Ngo-1932 - "Swan Black"
- Ngo-1934 - "Imaskhi yaseVenetian"
- 1936 - "I-Luck Captain Blad"
- Ngo-1939 - "Sword Islam"
- 1941 - "Columbus"
- 1949 - "Player"