I-Biograge
Ngemuva kokugxekwa okuneminyaka engu-5 ubudala, baphinde baqala ukukhuluma ngoMqondisi we-American-Britatish, umlobi wesikrini, umkhiqizi kanye nomlingisi, "omkhulu futhi owesabekayo" Terry Gilliam. Ifilimu lakhe elithintakayo nelingaqondakali "Indoda eyabulala i-Don Quixote", ishicilelwe ngo-2018, ngemuva kwesikhathi eside ngemuva kokuzalwa komqondo, senze umsindo omningi emcimbini weCannes Film futhi, naphezu kokubuyekezwa kwe Abalandeli.
Lobu buhlungu buye baba yinto ephrintiwe entsha ezweni lesiphithiphithi lemicabango yabantu, liphinde lamangala isibukeli ngesibukeli esicashile esiNgisini nesiphetho esingalindelekile.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UTerrence Vance Guiliam wazalwa ngoNovemba 22, 1940 edolobheni laseMelika laseMinneapolis, eMinnesota. Uyise uJames Hall Gilliam waqala wasebenza njengommeleli wezentengiso wenkampani yekhofi, wabe esetholwa umbazi. Kulokhu, ngo-1952, lo mndeni wathutha kanye nezingane ezintathu ukuya eCalifornia, endaweni engaphansi kweLos Angeles wabizwa ngokuthi iPannorama City.
Lapho, umfana waya esikoleni esiphakeme saseBirmingham, lapho wazehlukanisa khona futhi waba ngumongameli wekilasi. Ukhuphukele kumakhathuni asendulo aseMelika, phakathi kwabo "isiqhingi samagugu" kanye ne- "Pinocchio", uTerry wathwala umdwebo wafaka amathemba aphezulu njengomculi.
Ezifundweni zesikole esiphakeme, le nsizwa yafundwa ngentshiseko ngumagazini weSatir Mad kanye ne-caricature ethandwe ama-caricature kanye nama-parodies adalwe nguDon Martin no-Antonio Prokhoas. Le ncwadi yaba nomthelela ekubukezweni komhlaba kukaTerry, futhi yena emphefumulweni waba ongagxekile nokuvukela, noma kunjalo okhethwe yiNkosi yeBhola Yeziqu.
Ekupheleni kwesikole, uGuiliam wathola iziqu ze-bachelor kwisayensi yezepolitiki eWest College of Los Angeles. Eminyakeni yabafundi, le nsizwa yaqhubeka nokudweba nokushicilela ephephandabeni lentsha. Ngokushesha abanye bomsebenzi wakhe bavele e-New York Edition Siza! Ngenxa yokukhuthaza umhleli wangaphambili uMad Harvey Kurtman.
UTerry iminyaka emithathu wasebenza njengesithombe kumagazini wakhe ayithandayo futhi wathola isipiliyoni, ekugcineni wasungula imibono yakhe emhlabeni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nsizwa yajwayelana nentatheli yesiNgisi nguJohn ne-Clize, kamuva eyamema umfokazi wayo eTroupe yaseMonti-Paiton.
Ebusheni bakhe, uGuiliam wabhekana namakhono ohlelo lwamaphoyisa aseMelika futhi waboshwa kaninginingi ukuboshwa ngesikhathi sokulimala kombangohlobene nokuhlangana kweziphathimandla ezimnyama. Kwenye yezingxoxo, umqondisi wavuma ukuthi ngaleso sikhathi wabona ulaka olumangalisayo futhi wayekulungele "ukujikijela amabhomu" ezweni lakubo.
Umuzwa wokuthi kudingekile ukuphuma esimweni esenziwe, uTerry wasuka e-United States, wathuthela eNgilandi ngesimemo somngane wakhe uJohn Clus kwathi ngo-1968 waba yisihloko seNdlovukazi yaseBrithani.
UGilliam wazinza eLondon futhi waqala wasebenza njengesithombe ohlelweni oluhlekisayo "ungapheli amandla okubeka ifindo." Eseqokiwe, umdwebi wajwayelana nabalingisi bakaTerry Jones, uMichael Palain no-Eric, lapho, ngemuva kokuvala iphrojekthi, behlele umbukiso wamahlaya "ezindizayo Monti Paiton".
Ngaleso sikhathi, ubuciko obubukwayo bukaGilliam babonakaliswa inhlanganisela yezibalo ngamafomu ama-bulbus kanye nama-gradients athambile, okwakungemuva kokuhamba kwezithombe zasendulo.
Ngo-1978, uTerry uchaze la masu encwadini ethi "Izithombe Zokufa Kokufa, okwaba yi-autobiography ethile yesithombe kanye nemihlahlandlela yokusebenzisa ulimi lokubona.
Amafilimu
I-Kinobiography Gilliam yaqala ngo-1974, lapho ivele esikrinini emicrets "Monti Payton", "ubusuku bokhetho" kanye "nomndeni ongesabi kakhulu eBrithani." Wacelwa ukuba ahlungwe, ngoba akekho owafuna ukudlala "umhlaziyi ophawula" futhi "ememeza uSofa". UTerry uqobo wakuthokozela ukuphindukuzalwa futhi ahlanze izinhlamvu ezifakwe ngaphezu kokuqashelwa futhi agqoke izingubo ezingakhululeki.
Lapho i-British Comedian Troupe yahlukana, izihlalo zamafuyi ziqala ubuqambi ozimele futhi zibhale isimo sezinkinga ezimnandi zamahlaya "ze-barmaglot", ezishicilelwe kwizikrini ngo-1977.
Emva kwalokho, umlobi wakhulelwa ukudala "i-trilogy yemicabango", enikelwe ukubalekela emphakathini ohlelekile, ohlekisayo ohlekisayo. Lo mbono, umqondisi ofakwe amafilimu "isikhathi sokubopha", "iBrazil" kanye "nokufika kukaBaron Münghausen", okwakhombisa le nkinga ngamehlo engane, indoda eneminyaka engu-30 ubudala.
Ukuchitha imali enkulu ekukhiqizweni kwale midwebo, kugcwele abalingisi bezinkanyezi, indawo eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezingubo ezimangalisayo, i-gilliam buthule nabakhiqizi bezithombe ze-Universal Studios naseColumbia ngenxa yomonakalo. Kusukela lapho, umqondisi waqala ukuphishekela udumo lwe-eccentric, i-scoundrel kanye neScondalist.
Ngeminyaka yama-1990s, uTerry wathatha isinyathelo esilandelayo emsebenzini wokudala wasusa ifilimu elilandelayo futhi wasusa le filimu ethi "King-rybak", "Izinkawu eziyi-12" kanye "nokwesaba kanye nezonzondo eLas Vegas", ezazihlanganiswa negama elithi "strilogy of Americana" . Kulokhu iziza zazingemnandi kakhulu, kepha zisadida futhi zisezingeni eliphezulu.
Umphakathi awukuqondi ukujula kwethalente likaGilliam futhi wakholwa ngumsebenzi wakhe ohlekisayo, opende ngokugqamile, waveza ukugeleza kokuqapheleka kwe- "Psychos eqedile." Abagxeki kanye nabakhiqizi basekele umbono ojwayelekile nangezindlela zonke bavimbela imisebenzi yoMqondisi.
Ngaphandle kwalokhu, uTerry wabhekana nombono womphakathi kwathi ngo-2005 wagcwaliswa "nabazakazi Grimm" kanye "nezwe lamafilimu". Lesi sithombe sokugcina saba umsebenzi owethusayo kakhulu we-gilliam ngenxa yobuningi bezigcawu ngesibambiso sezingane nezine-necrophilic futhi wazuza umklomelo we-International Federation of Kinopress emcimbini we-Gaming File eSan Sebastian.
Emva kwalokho, umqondisi waphinde wahamba ngaphansi komhlaba futhi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-4 kamuva wabuya nomunye wobuciko obizwa nge- "Imagonarium Dr. Parnassa". Ngokokuqala ngqa okukhonjiswe ngaphandle kohlelo lokuncintisana lweCannes Film Festival, le filimu yaba yimpumelelo yokuqala ye-Gilliam futhi yaqokwa ama-Empire Awards.
Kodwa-ke, futhi ngalesi sithombe asibizanga ngaphandle kwenhlaka. Ngemuva kokuthi umholi wecala loMholi ashaye uLedger washone ngesikhathi sokuxutshwa kwezidakamizwa, izilimi ezimbi zaqala ukusho ukuthi umsebenzi noGiliam othile uzokufa.
Ngo-2012, amahemuhemu abingelelwa ukuthi umlingisi wase-Austrian Waltz uxoxisana nomqondisi wokubamba iqhaza kuphrojekthi yakhe entsha. Ngokushesha kwaziwa ukuthi ifilimu izobizwa ngokuthi "i-Theorem Zero" okokuqala ngqa izokhonjiswa eVenice Festival ngo-2013.
Lesi sithombe saphinde saphenduka ukudida nokudideka. Ngaphezu kwezingubo ze-cyberpank kanye ne-verry, uTerry wasebenzisa umdlalo wegama lesiHeberu egameni lomlingiswa ophambili futhi wabizwa ngalezi zindlela zokufuna impilo engacabangi, kodwa ekhona.
Ngokufana ne- "Theorem" Gillyam, wacabanga ukuthi uzungu 'lwendoda elalele uDon Quixote "futhi walwa nabakhiqizi be-Authorishing nesabelomali. Lapho ifilimu icishe iqediwe, umqondisi wancishwa ilungelo lobunikazi esitatimendeni somngane uPaulo Branko, nokho, uTerry uphendule ngokuthi le ngqondo inguyena ngokugcwele.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Kusukela ngo-1973, unkosikazi kaGiilliam uyisitayela saseBrithani kanye noMlingo we-Makeup Maggie Weston. Lo mbhangqwana wajwayelana nesethi kaMonti Paiton futhi awuzange uhlukane kusukela lapho.
Kusukela ngo-1978 kuya ku-1988, izingane ezintathu zazalelwa emndenini womqondisi: amantombazane angcwele no-Amy noHarry's. Njengoba usuvuthiwe, isizukulwane esincane sakwaGillimians sahlanganyela kuma-movie amaningana ama-movie.
UTerry uveze impilo yomuntu siqu e-UK kwathi ngo-2006 wenqabile ukuba yisakhamuzi saseMelika ngenxa yokungavumelani noMongameli uGeorge Bush-Jr. UMongameli. Manje umqondisi uvunyelwe ukuhlala e-United States hhayi ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-30 ngonyaka.
Cishe akalimazi umsebenzi kaGilly, wathenga indawo yokuhlala e-Italy futhi wazama ukuchitha isikhathi esiningi nomndeni wakhe isikhathi esiningi.
Ngo-2015 nango-2018, amahemuhemu ayenamahemuhemu ngokufa koMdali we- "Imagonarum". Ngokokuqala ngqa, ngeviki le-Ecrology ngeviki lonke igama le-terry igama, futhi emithonjeni yesibili yathi umbhali nomqondisi wesikrini babulawa ngokuhlaselwa yisifo sohlangothi.
Terry gillimi manje
Njengamanje, uGuiliam ubandakanyeka ekukhuthazeni ifilimu, lapho ekuqaleni kuka-2019 kwaphuma ngefomethi yedijithali. Ukuhlala imfihlakalo yabalandeli, akabiki lutho ngezinhlelo zokudala ngekusasa.Ukuba sesiduduli somoya womoya, ngoJanuwari 17, 2019, ku-Twitter, umqondisi oneminyaka engu-78 wakhumbula ukuthi usaphila, waveza isithombe esisha soMculo esivela esithombeni "Indoda eyabulala iDon Quixote. "
Izics
- Ngo-1975 - "Monti Paiton kanye ne-Sacred Grail"
- 1977 - "I-BARMAGLOT"
- 1981 - "Izigebengu Zesikhathi"
- 1985 - "Brazil"
- 1988 - "Adventures of Baron Muhausen"
- 1991 - "Inkosi Umdobi"
- 1995 - "Izinkawu eziyi-12"
- 1998 - "Ukwesaba nokuzonda eLas Vegas"
- 2005 - "UMfowethu Grimm"
- 2005 - "Izwe lamaza
- Ngo-2009 - "Imaganarium Dr. Parnassa"
- 2013 - "I-Theoream Zero"
- 2018 - "Umuntu owabulala uDon Quixote"