I-Biograge
Akekho nesizukulwane esisodwa sezingane zesikole saseSoviet esekhule ezincwadini zomlobi u-Anatoly Aleksina. Kwakukule nkathi eyafika inani eliphakeme lomlobi wokudala. "Shayela uze!", "Mad Evdokia", "Okwesithathu emugqeni wesihlanu" - Izincwadi zika-Alexin azidingi ukufaka kwikharikhulamu yesikole, izingane nokunye ukufeza imisebenzi yakhe, ukuthanda izwe lomlingo lobuntwana .
Lapha, njengasemhlabeni wabantu abadala, kukhona okuhle nokubi, injabulo nosizi, ukwethembeka nokukhaphela. Esikhathini seRussia entsha, esevele ekuthukeni, umlobi akayeki ukubhala, isibukeli sabantu abadala siyanda. Impilo ende yokudala, badala imisebenzi engaphezu kwekhulu: izindaba, zihola, zidlala, izimo.
Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Anatoly Georgieving Aleksin (Real Surname Goberman) wazalwa ngo-Agasti 3, 1924 eMoscow. Ubaba Georgy Platonovich Goberman - uthisha, umnotho, intatheli. Umama uMaria Mikhailovna Goberman - Umlingisi.
Inkumbulo yokuqala eqinile yombhali wengane yengane ukuboshwa kukababa ngo-1937. UGeorgy Platenovich wayengumuntu okhuthele futhi othuthuke kakhulu. Umhlanganyeli oqinisekisiwe, obambe iqhaza empini yombango, wasebenza njengengcweti yezomnotho, efundiswe esikhungweni sezomnotho soprofesa obomvu, ngaphambi kokuba kugunyazwe umbuso wezwe wesibili ngohulumeni.
Abantu abane-biography enjalo kuyaqabukela bahlale eceleni ekucindezelweni okuqinile. Ngemuva kokuboshwa kukababa, ngokushesha umama waphelelwa ngumsebenzi wawo enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi njengomfazi 'wezitha' zabantu. Umndeni wabo omncane wasala ngaphandle kokuziphilisa. Ukusindiswa kwamaketanga aneminyaka engu-13 ubudala waqala ukukhokha ephaneni iphephandaba leqiniso ukushicilela izinkondlo namanothi.
"Kwakungekho emthethweni kuwo wonke amaphuzu wokubuka. Okokuqala, ngiyingane encane, yesi-2, izitha zakwabo. Bhala umuntu ongaziwa, futhi abantu abanomthwalo wemfanelo babezolahlekelwa okuthunyelwe kuphela, kodwa futhi namakhanda. Kepha abakwazanga ukwenza ngenye indlela ... babefuna ukuqhubeka nabantu ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo, "kukhumbula u-Anatoly Georcieviev.Kamuva, ukushicilelwa kwale nsizwa kwavela eKomsomolskaya Pravda, omagazini "uMurzilka" no "Pioneinei". Ngo-1939, ubaba wadedelwa wadedelwa. Kepha lapha ngahamba ngomkhumbi. Waba ukwethuka kwesibili kwale nsizwa. UMaria Mikhailovna wakhishwa ezinhlangothini eqenjini lezokwakha elikhulu kunazo zonke, edolobheni laseKamensk-Uralsky, lapho kwenziwa khona ukwakhiwa kwesitshalo se-aluminium.
Okwe-anatoly oneminyaka engu-16 ubudala, owashayela ndawonye nomama wakhe, naye wathola umsebenzi ngamakhono akhe. Lo mfo waqokwa yindoda eshayela umshayeli wephephandaba lansuku zonke "Inqaba Yezokuvikela", futhi kungekudala kanye noNobhala Wezokushicilelwa.
Ekupheleni kwempi, u-Anatoly Goberman wangena esikhungweni seMoscow Institute of Ariental Study (igatsha laseNdiya), eliphothule ngo-1950. Ngasikhathi sinye, iqoqo lakhe lokuqala lesihloko esithi "Usuku Ongamashumi Amashumi Amathathu" Ngaphansi Kwegama Lase-Aleksin lwashicilelwa. Lo mama we-pseudomnym obonakele we-pseudomnym anatoly futhi wenza igama lakhe lokudala, izigidi zabantu abaziyo.
Izincwadi
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi umbhali wakwenza lokho kudonswa kwezincwadi ezinkulu ngokwesekwa kwe-matra enjalo, njenge-konstantin poist. Uphakamise usizo lwakhe ekuhleleni iqoqo lokuqala lika-Aleksina. Kwandulela ukwazana kwabo. Isimo esihlekisayo: emhlanganweni, uSamuel Yakovlevich Marshak Anatoly waqala ukufunda izinkondlo zakhe, kodwa ngaphandle kokuthola imvume yama-Classics, wacasuka.
Ukuze ukuhlulwa bekungabonakali kangangokuba, u-Alexin wafunda enye yezindaba zakhe, ezazithintwe kakhulu, okokuqala - Marshak uqobo. Kusukela manje kuqhubeke, wayala le nsizwa ukuba ilobe kuphela eProse, futhi i-pouustssky ehlanganiswe nengxoxo ehlongozwa ukuba ngumhleli wencwadi yesikhathi esizayo.
Ukulalela uMatrah, u-Aleksin waqala ukuzithuthukisa ohlontsweni lwezingane. Isikhathi kuze kube ngu-1966 sithathwa njengesikhathi somsebenzi wakhe wezingane zasenkulisa kanye nentsha yesikole. Umbhali ubhala izindaba ezimnandi kangaka njenge- "Sasha naseShura", "ama-adventures angajwayelekile kaSeva Kotlov", "kusho uKolya, u-Olya ubhala uKole", "ezweni lamaholide aphakade" nabanye. Imisebenzi yalesosikhathi ishicilelwe kumaqoqo "ekamu elilodwa lamaphayona" (1954), "ebunganeni lwezinhliziyo" (1959), "esikoleni ngendlela entsha" (1959).
Ngemuva kuka-1966 futhi ngesikhathi se-Stagnant 70s, umbhali unikezela umsebenzi wakhe wentsha kanye nentsha. Izihloko zemisebenzi yakhe emisha - izindaba, izindaba, ama-play ubudlelwano bezingane ezinomhlaba wabantu abadala, okuhlangenwe nakho kokuqala kokuziqhenya, isihawu, ukuhlazeka, amahloni, ukubonakaliswa kwe-egoism, impahla, kwesinye isikhathi ngesihluku sezingane.
Endabeni, "kudlala i-Charinet" Zhenya Girl esikhundleni sakhe esiyimpumelelo uhlela umsebenzi ophumelelayo womfowethu, umnciphise futhi ajabule kakhulu, kubandakanya ukuxhumana nentombazane oyithandayo.
Emsebenzini "shayela uze!" Indaba ihola i-grader yesithupha, ilandisa ngomndeni wakhe. Umfundi osemusha, kanye nomlingiswa ophambili, ubhekene nokwesaba iqiniso lokuthi umama nobaba bahlukaniswe, futhi ngokuziqhenya ngoyise (unguyise ngokuziqhenya ngoYise (ungumuntu ozisindise izimpilo eziningi), nothando lokuqala ekilasini le-lil. Kule ndaba, u-Alexin wabhala ngokudlala ahlonishwa ngayo ngesimo sokuqala.
Ezincwadini zika-Alexina, izinto ezinkulu zicacile futhi zilula:
"Abantu abaseduze kwesinye isikhathi baphatha ukuhlinzwa kunzima kuneziguli ngokwabo. Ngemuva kwakho konke, abanikeli i-anesthesia "(" shayela bese beza! ") Uma kungekho lutho olungakusho, kulula ukuzala," bukhoma ngokwakho kuphela "yiPolwini. .. Okubi kakhulu, kuphila ngokwakhe kuphela, okuthinta kude namanye amathala abanye abantu "(" Mad Evdokia ").
Indaba ethi "Mad Evdokia" yaba ngomunye wemisebenzi eminingi esebenza kakhulu emsebenzini we-Master of the Pen. Esahlukweni sesakhiwo - ubuhlobo buhle ngazo zonke izindlela zamantombazane ase-Olenki kanye nemenenja yakhe yesigaba esiyinqaba u-Evdokia sanjievna, futhi angafuni ukubona amathalente anama-wetha, futhi alethe ubuhlakani kuye. Abazali baka-Oaki balandela indodakazi ukuba isole umfazi futhi ingenele abayithandayo. Futhi lapho kwenzeka ngephutha lakhe, okungenakuqhathaniswa, uyise ubona umnyombo weqiniso wezinto - babheka amehlo akhe ngendodakazi yabo yobugovu neyambi.
Kuze kube sekupheleni kwama-70s, elinye inani lemisebenzi evelele libhaliwe: "Okwesithathu emugqeni wesihlanu", "ingxenye yempahla", "ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo". Kuba ngumnikazi wesinye isitatimende, ilungu leBhodi Lokuhlela le-Journal "Intsha".
Ngo-1980, umlobi uthola umklomelo wamazwe omhlaba wamazwe aseYurophu ogama lakhe nguMaxim Gorky ngomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu wentsha. Ngasikhathi sinye, i-Bibliography ibuyisela kabusha "imisebenzi yakhe eqoqwe emihlanganweni emithathu", kwathi ngo-1987 izobona ukukhanya kwendaba eyethusa kakhulu nezinye izindaba ".
Ngesimo soNobhala Wenyunyana Yababhali (1970-1989), i-anatoly Georcievich yaholela emsebenzini wokuxhumana osebenzayo, okubandakanya ukubamba iqhaza ohambweni lwakwamanye amazwe. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kohambo lwaseMelika, izintatheli zase-US zafa umlobi "uMarku Wan Russian". Hhayi kanye, u-Alexin wayengusihlalo wejaji lomncintiswano wamafilimu wezingane nentsha yaseMoscow International Film Film. Iminyaka engu-14 ubudala yenziwa emoyeni we-central televishini, ukudluliswa kwe- "ubuso babangane".
Ngo-1993, oshade naye ka-Aleksyn wathuthela kwa-Israyeli, wahlala eTel Aviv. Lapha umbhali usevele esebenza ohlotsheni lwabantu abadala, ushicilela amanoveli "Saga kuPessers" (1994) kanye "nesono esifayo" (1995), izindaba eziningi ("uma kwakukhona ezimbili "). Ingqikimba yezingane nentsha yaleyo minyaka inikelwe emsebenzini we- "Smeshka", "hhayi isidina."
Kwathi kwa-Israyeli, incwadi yezikhumbuzo zakhe "ezithulula iminyaka" yanyatheliswa, isembozo sawo sahlobisa izithombe zazo nonkosikazi wakhe uTatiana. Indaba yokugcina ye-Master "Bheka amehlo ami" yashicilelwa ngonyaka ka-2008.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Umfazi wokuqala wombhali waba nguSeraphim Kuzmichnna Gorodnikova, naye uthweswe iziqu eSikhungo Sezifundo ZaseMpumalanga. Ngokusobala, abantu abasha bahlangana, ngokuba ngabafundi. Cishe akukho lwazi ngomshado wokuqala wombhali, futhi umbhali ngokwakhe akasho lokhu ingxenye yempilo yakhe uqobo engxoxweni.
Kepha unkosikazi wesibili ka-Alexina - uTatiana Ebsevna (nee Fainberg) - waba ngumnyuziyamu othembekile, ugqozi nothando lokuphila ngaye. Bahlangana emsebenzini. UTatiana wasebenza endlini yokushicilela kwakungumhleli wezincwadi zakhe zokuqala. Wahlala waba ngumbuso wakhe wokuqala futhi obaluleke kakhulu, wanikela ngempilo yakhe ekukhonzeni umyeni wakhe. Lo mbhangqwana washada ngo-1968. Kowesifazane, lo mshado waba sesibili. Kusukela kumlingani wokuqala, isibongo se-setunskaya kanye nokuphela kwendodakazi ka-Alena eyasala.
U-Anatoly Georcieving wayeziqhenya kakhulu ngendodakazi yokwamukela. U-Alena waba yintatheli, umethuli we-TV. Iminyaka eminingi iholele ohlelweni lwethelevishini lwaseRussia mayelana nezinkanyezi ze-cinema yasekhaya neyaseMelika. Wayengunkosikazi womqondisi wefilimu odumile kaKaren Shahnazarov, kepha injabulo etholakala emshadweni wesibili, iphuma kumkhiqizi waseMelika ongumkhiqizi wephunga. Ngemuva kokuzalwa kwendodakazi ka-Ani, lo mndeni wathuthela eLuxembourg, lapho kwenzeka intatheli ka-2011 khona intatheli yathutha abazali asebekhulile.
Ukushona
Izindaba zokufa kombhali zivela kuLuxembourg ngoMeyi 1, 2017. U-Anatoly Aleksin ushone ngonyaka wama-93 wokuphila. Izizathu zazingashiwo ngodokotela wezengqondo, kodwa kwesinye sezingxoxo umbhali kukhulunywe ngazo ukuthi wahlushwa izifo ezi-2 ze-Oncological.
Izincwadi ze-Classic zezincwadi zezingane zasinda kumkakhe othandekayo uTatiana iminyaka emi-3 futhi zathola ukumngcwaba eMoscow, eduze kwabazali bakhe emathuneni aseKentsevsky.
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1950 - "" Usuku Lwesine "
- 1956 - "USasha noShura"
- 1958 - "Ama-Adventures Averaly of Seva Kotlov"
- Ngo-1965 - "UKolya ubhala u-Ole, u-Olya ubhala uKole"
- Ngo-1967 - "Ezweni leholide laphakade"
- Ngo-1968 - "Umfowethu udlala ecacisiwe"
- Ngo-1970 - "Shayela uze!"
- 1976 - "Mad Evdokia"
- 1978 - "Ingxenye Yezakhiwo"
- 1980 - "Idayari yomakoti"
- 1985 - "Amasiginali noHornist"
- 1987 - "Ubuhlakani Obuhle"
- 1994 - "Saga Mayelana Pessers"
- 1996 - "Ukuxilongwa"
- 1996 - "SMESKKA"
- Ngo-1999 - "Ungazalwa Ehle ..."
- 2006 - "I-Mixer yimi!"
- 2008 - "Bheka Amehlo Ami"