I-Biograge
Umzukulu walesi sigameko nendodana kaShoemaker George Gershvin wenza uguquko emculweni, njengenkosana enhle ekhombisa ukuthi i-jazz akuyona indodakazisa yokutholwa engemihle, kodwa iTsarevna, kufanelekile ukunakwa komphakathi ophakeme kakhulu. INkosi Musiklov yaphila impilo emfushane, kodwa ekhanyayo.
Umqambi omkhulu wazalelwa eBrooklyn ngoSepthemba 1898 emndenini wabafuduki abangamaJuda. Ubaba womfana uMoishe Hersheshviez washiya imali enkulu yaseRussia eminyakeni engu-8 ngaphambi kukaGeorge. Ushintsha igama kuMorris Gershvin futhi uhlele ukuzungeza ekusebenzeni kwesitshalo sezicathulo, kwasheshe indoda yashada ne-Odessa yendabuko ye-Odessa Rose.
Oshade naye wanikeza uMorris izingane ezine ezivela ku-George, ekuqaleni okwakubizwa ngokuthi yiYakov, kwakungeyesibili futhi zinokuphumula kakhulu. Lo mfo akazange athande ukufunda, ukugqolozela ukulwa, ancishiswe futhi abe nethuba lokuba yi-gangster, njengezinhlamvu zefilimu "kanye eMelika." Abazali bakhathazeka nge-biography yendodana yesikhathi esizayo.
Konke kwashintsha lapho uGeorge ezwa umdlalo we-violelist young max Rosen, owenza "amahlaya ka" Antonina Dvoraik. Ukuhamba uGershwin walinda i-Virtuzoa emvuleni yamahora athile nesigamu futhi waba abangane naye.
UMax wethule umlingani omusha ngomkhathi womculo, futhi umqambi wesikhathi esizayo waqala ukukhiqiza imiculo emnandi epiyano kaMfoweth 'u-Ayras.
Yize uGeorge akazange aqede isikole somculo, kepha ancipha ngokushesha kwikhono eliphakeme lesihlobo esidala futhi aqala ukuhola umdlalo ezindaweni zokudlela, ukufundisa kanye nokwenza izinto esitolo sezinsimbi namarekhodi njenge-pianist-aducile. Kusuka eminyakeni engama-20 ubudala, uGershvin waqala ukuhlala kuphela imali - kwezenyeli etholakalayo, umculi asadingeki.
Umculo
UGeorge Gershwin - Umbhali wezingoma ezingaphezu kuka-300, ama-Musicals ayi-9, ama-opharetha ama-2 kanye nenqwaba yemisebenzi yepiyano. I-opera ethandwa kakhulu "I-PORGI ne-BESS" kanye "neRhashsody ngesitayela se-Blues" (eyaziwa nangokuthi "i-rapse in" rappody emathoni eBlues ").Kunenganekwane enjalo mayelana nokwakhiwa kweRhapsody: "I-Jazz Emperor" Paul Whiteman yayifuna isitayela somculo esiyithandayo futhi yacela uGershwin ukuba abhale umsebenzi wakhe omkhulu we-orchestra wakhe. Umqambi wesabele ngokwengeziwe esiphakanyisiwe seJazzman, kepha lapho phansi kukhangisa ngobungcweti obuseduze emaphephandabeni, kwaphoqeleka ukuba kwakha umculo odumile esikhathini esingaphansi kwenyanga.
Umculo "waseMelika eParis" uGershvin wabhala, engaphansi kohambo lonyaka weminyaka emithathu eYurophu. Ukusungulwa komculi kubonakalise emsebenzini, ukuhlanganisa ama-classics ngesibindi nangengoma, uJazz kanye nezinganekwane.
"I-PORGI neBESS" - ukusebenza kokuqala kwamaMelika, okwakunelungelo lokuya ezilalelini zezinhlanga ezahlukahlukene. Umhlabe umxhwele yinoveli ye-Dubber of Heivard mayelana nokuphila kwama-Afrika aseMelika, uGershvin isikhathi esingaphezu konyaka nesigamu sazilonda endaweni encane yeNegro eSouth Carolina futhi, ngabheka impilo yaKhe. Ngemuva kwe-premiere ye-avation yaduma imizuzu eyi-15.
"ULullaby Clara", ufika amahlandla amane e-Opera futhi owaziwa ngokuthi ukwakheka "isikhathi sasehlobo", obonwa njengengoma ethandwa kakhulu yekhulu lama-20. Ngokwesibalo sezinguqulo zekhebula, wafihla ngisho ne-bitlovsk "izolo". Kunenguqulo yokuthi kwakungekho mculo wabantu base-Afrika kuphela, kodwa futhi noLullaby wase-Ukraine "oh, Walk kolo vіkon", wezwa ngesikhathi kuvakashela iqembu leqembu le-Melorosiysk e-United States.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ebusheni bakhe uGeorge Gershwin wayethanda isibhakela, i-Skates futhi edlala ibhola, naseminyakeni evuthiwe - ukupenda nezincwadi. Umdwebo uzobe ungaphelele uma ungashongo i-wit yomqambi. Ngakho-ke, lapho elinye lamakhasimende, licasulwa ukuphazamiseka kwemikhawulo, elithenjiswe ngosuku lokushaya umculi lapho bengekho khona amaphuzu athenjisiwe, uGershwin waphoqa ukuthi uma esebenze kuphela ngezandla zakhe , ubengeke abe nephule iDetilan.
Yize uGershwin akazange ashade futhi ashiye inzalo, impilo yomuntu siqu yomqambi omkhulu, oletha umuntu othokozisayo esithombeni, ayikwazi ukubizwa kabi emicimbini. Uthando lokuqala lomculi osemncane waba u-Alexander Pale - umfundi kaGeorge.
Eminyakeni eyi-10 ubudala akazange alahlekelwe yi-Hershwin ngokusemthethweni ngeBangalo - Umqambi uKay Swift, ukuthi "iRhapsodia ngesitayela se-Blues" ishiye umyeni wezezimali. Ngemuva kokufa kukaGeorge, lona wesifazane wasiza umfowabo wezephuzile - mbumbulu - ekusebenzeni ekuguqulweni kwamagugu okuqanjwa emculweni wefilimu ethi "Horther Miss Pilgrim".
Ngawo-1930s, uGershwin akazange afanelekele ukuba athandane nonkosikazi kaCharlie Chaplin, ukundiza kwabalingisi kwaKhydar, owachazwa kathathu othandweni. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-20 ngemuva kokushona komqambi, umdwebi washada nomlobi u-Erich Maria Remaphama.
Iqiniso Elithokozisayo: UGeorge othandekayo, ngokungafani nosaziwayo, waphila isikhathi eside: Indiza - ucishe waba ngu-80, noKay - umbhali we-Composer Airra Gershwin nawo afelwe ngaphakathi Iminyaka engama-86.
Ukushona
Ngiseyingane, uMdali wesikhathi esizayo weSymphodzhaz kwesinye isikhathi wayenqanyulwa emhlabeni wangaphandle. Kuze kube ngu-1937, ukugqama komsebenzi wobuchopho kukaGeorge akuphazamisanga ubuqambi okhiqizayo, futhi eduze nasekuhlotsheni komqambi.
Kodwa-ke, ukukhuluma ngonyaka owedlule wokuphila kanye ne-Symphony Orchestra Pierre Monte, uGershvin wanqamula ngqo endaweni yesehlakalo. Odokotela ekuqaleni bavikele umqambi owenzeka emsebenzini owengeziwe, okubangelwa umsebenzi obanzi ku-Opera "Porgi naseBesss", kepha ngemuva kokuphela amandla futhi ngemuva kokuphela amandla futhi izikhalazo ze-migrain eGershvin zembula i-neoplasm enobungozi.
Ukusebenza okuphuthumayo akugcinanga umqambi. Imbangela yokufa eneminyaka engama-38 isephenduke umdlavuza wobuchopho. Umculi ungcwatshwe emagqumeni aseNtshonalanga Weest Competter. Ukuncishiswa kokwenziwa kwemisebenzi yomculo kaGershwin izindlalifa zaphela ngo-2007 kuphela.
Imisebenzi Yomculo
- Ngo-1919 - "Laa La, Lucille"
- 1923 - "" 135th Street "
- Ngo-1924 - "Rhispnyedy ngesitayela se-blues for piano nge-orchestra"
- Ngo-1924 - "Yiba nomusa, ntokazi"
- 1925 - "Mayelana Kay"
- Ngo-1926 - "Amareludi amathathu epiyano"
- 1927 - "Rosalie"
- 1927 - "Vumela i-Orchestra Runday"
- 1927 - "Ubuso obuhlekisayo"
- Ngo-1928 - "American eParis"
- 1930 - "Mad"
- Ngo-1931 - "Ngiyakuhlabelela ngawe"
- 1933 - "Mabadle amakhekhe"
- Ngo-1935 - "I-PORGI NE-BESS"