I-Biograge
I-Amedeo Modigliani - ummeleli wokukhuluma, umdwebi wayo i-biobOgraphy eqhathaniswa neRoma. Imidwebo kaMaster igqugquzela umphakathi ungaphansi kwendaba yothando eyenza umdwebi onento yokuhlabelela endaweni yokudala. U-Modigliani wayenesitayela somlobi esiyingqayizivele futhi akazange enqabe ukubizelwa, naphezu kobuso besikhathi. Udumo lwafika kulo mculi ngokubumbana, futhi izithombe namuhla ziyimali enhle.Ubuntwana nentsha
U-Amedeo Modigliani wazalelwa eLivorno ngoJulayi 12, 1884. Isiphetho sakhe sahlukaniswa okwesikhashana ngemvelaphi. Ubaba Amedeo - umdwebi odumile wase-Italy ngezimpande zamaJuda. Lapho umfana eneminyaka eminingana, uBaba wayedlula ukuqothuka, futhi ukunakekelwa kokukhuliswa nokugcina izingane zithatha umama. Ngokwesine, omncane, ingane ayinakanga umphefumulo. Ubuhlungu buka-Amideo banezela ukunakekelwa komama, futhi waphendula ngokunamathiselwe kwakhe ngendabuko yemindeni yamaJuda.
![I-Self-Portrait Amedeo Modigliani I-Self-Portrait Amedeo Modigliani](/userfiles/126/12431_1.webp)
U-Evgenia Modigliani, eMaiden Garsen, wayenemfundo enhle futhi wayefaka ezinganeni ezaziyo. Wayazi izilimi eziningana zakwamanye amazwe, futhi ukudluliselwa kwaba yimali eyengeziwe emndenini. Ukuqaphela ukuthambekela kweNdodana kubuciko obuhle, umama ekuqaleni akazange akhaphele. Kepha eneminyaka eyi-11, u-Amedeo wagula nge-typhas futhi wakhuluma ukujabulisa kuphela ngokupenda. U-Eugene wenza ukuphela kwelungelo. Lapho uMoodigalia-vee eneminyaka engu-14, wanikezwa umdwebi wendawo uGulielmo Micheli.
Ukuba ngumncane kunabo bonke kubafundi bakaMentor, u-Ashede washeshe wanquma nezindaba zakhe abanesifiso. Ukuqondiswa okuyinhloko kobuhlakani bakhe kwaba potrait. Ngo-1900, uModigliani wagula ngesifo sofuba. Ukubuyisela impilo, umama wathatha indodana eya kulesi siqhingi saseC Capri, kanye nezifundo zamiswa okwesikhashana.
Ukuhamba e-Italy, umfana wajwayelana nemisebenzi yabadwebi abavelele. Uvakashele eRoma noFlorence. Lapha umculi we-novice wangenela isikole sokupenda, kwathi emva konyaka wathuthela eVenice, lapho waba umfundi khona "wesikole samahhala sikaNude Nature".
![Amedeo Modiganiani Amedeo Modiganiani](/userfiles/126/12431_2.webp)
Ngo-1906, i-Amedeo, ngosizo lukamama, yathuthela eParis, eyaba inhloko-dolobha yezobuciko kule minyaka. Umphakathi ngaleso sikhathi ubuwuthanda ubumbango, ngakho-ke imisebenzi eyayikhombisa iModigliani yokuthengisa yayingafunwa. Kwenziwa amakamelo abizayo, le nsizwa yaphoqeleka ukuthi iqhubekele ngokushesha efulethini elishibhile elingashibhile, lapho abhala khona izithombe uku-oda. Ngokufana, wathatha izifundo e-Academy of Painting Kolasrasi.
Ukuphela komthombo wemali engenayo ye-Amedao kwasala imali ethunyelwe ngumama. Wayevame ukukhokhela indawo yokuhlala, ngakho-ke kwadingeka ukuba ngibaleke ezindaweni ezisusiwe, ngishiya isithombe. Kepha emhlabeni wobuciko, kancane kancane wathola ukuqashelwa, yize kungasithinti isimo sezezimali.
Ukudala
Ngo-1907, u-Amedeo Modigliani wenza isikweletu sakhe e- "Autumn Salon" eParis. Ngemuva konyaka, umsebenzi wakhe wafakwa "salon ezimele". Ngale minyaka, umculi wakhiqiza isitayela sakhe. Wenza abangane noPablo Picasso, uJean Cocteau, wabhala imidwebo yabo futhi wadala imidwebo "yamaJuda", "ocijile" nabanye.
![I-Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso no-Andre Salmon, 1916 I-Amedeo Modigliani, Pablo Picasso no-Andre Salmon, 1916](/userfiles/126/12431_3.webp)
Ngo-1909, umuntu omaziyo noKonstantin Brankuzy wenza u-Amedeo anake isithombe esibaziweyo. Uma kungekho imali ngezinto zokwakha i-modigliani zintshontsha isandvo eSandstone nesihlahla endaweni yokwakha. Kwakufanele ashiye ukuthandwa nalolu hlelo lobuciko ngenxa yeziguli ezinamaphaphu.
Ubuqambi beModigliani buhlotshaniswa nobuthakathaka lapho abaculi abaningi abathambekele khona. Wayithanda i-hashish, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi wayengumlutha wotshwala. Kwesobunxele eParis ngo-1914, lapho abesilisa befika phambi kwempi yezwe yokuqala, umculi wazizwa esemgqeni. Isimo sempilo engokomzimba nengokwengqondo kwesokunxele ukuba sifuneke. U-Adeo waqhubeka nokubhala uku-oda, kepha abagxeki abasafuni ukubona ithalente kuyo.
Imisebenzi kaModigliani iphatha ngesandla sendlela ehlukile yombhali. Abantu abakhombise kubo kubonakala sengathi bane-mask ephansi esikhundleni sobuso, okufihlekile. Ukumbona, imidwebo kufanele ifakwe ngaphakathi. Ngesikhathi sekwephuzile sobuciko, i-Master yengeze yahlanganisa ama-ovals aphezulu abantu.
![I-Amedeo Modigliani - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, izithombe 12431_4](/userfiles/126/12431_4.webp)
Ukusebenza hhayi ngesikhala, kepha ngomusa, iModigliani yadalwa ukudabukisa, izithombe ezithinta inhliziyo futhi yakuthanda ukubona ngemvelo yemvelo yobunqunu, ukuhlanganisa ukuvumelana kombala nemigqa. Imisebenzi edume kakhulu yombhali kule ndlela "yayinqunu, ihleli kusofa" futhi "ilele nqunu ngomcamelo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka".
Ngesitayela esifanayo, imisebenzi "yemidwebo ye-Zarbovsky", "Alice". Umbhali wakunaka isilinganiso sokulinganiselwa kokuvunyelwa kwesimo sangaphakathi somlingiswa. Umculi wayevame ukuveze izingane nentsha ngosizi lwe-melancholic ebusweni bakhe. Izibonelo ezikhanyayo zemisebenzi enjalo kwakungu "umfanekiso wentombazane", "ntombazane ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka", "umfo omncane".
![I-Amedeo Modigliani - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, izithombe 12431_5](/userfiles/126/12431_5.webp)
Ugqozi Master lwaletha imizwa etholwe nguye. Uthando olukhulu lwempilo yakhe uZhanna Ebuterrn, waphindaphinda kaningi kwi-canvases. Eminye yemisebenzi yokugcina yomdwebi kwakuyisithombe esithi "Jeanne Ebuterrn eRed Shawl." Kuye, ama-Lover Masters aboniswa ngokulindela ingane yesibili. Emisebenzini enikezelwe kuye, kudluliswa ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lengqondo, ukunconywa nge-simulator nothando.
UFortuna wamamatheka uModigliani ngaphambi kokufa. Ekugcineni imisebenzi yakhe idonsela ukunaka kwabagxeki abaqale ukubiza "umculi we-novice onikeza ithemba." I-Amedeo Modigliani ngaleso sikhathi yayineminyaka engama-35 ubudala.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Lapho ucubungula i-moduliani ye-autoportist, kunzima ukusho ukuthi umbhali wawulungile yini. Kepha izithombe ezigcinwe ziqinisekisa lokho akunakuba njalo. Umuntu okhangayo wakujabulela ukunakwa kwamantombazane, futhi impilo yakhe yomuntu siqu yayihlale imbozwe ku-fler yothando. Naphezu kobuphofu, iModigliani yayingamanga kamnandi futhi inhle. Umdwebi onobuhlakani ono-sketchnik ezandleni zakhe ekhangelo ubuhle, futhi ubuhle bakhe bungashiyi inhliziyo. Ezimele futhi azinakwa, moduliani kubonisa abaningi.
![I-Amedeo Modigliani - isithombe, i-biography, impilo yomuntu siqu, imbangela yokufa, izithombe 12431_6](/userfiles/126/12431_6.webp)
Enye yamanoveli amakhulu, umphakathi wafunda kamuva kakhulu kunokuphothulwa kwawo, waba umfelandawonye no-Anna Akhmatova. Ukuheha okuhlangene okuvuka phakathi kwabo kwakuhambisana nokwakhiwa kwemifanekiso yenkondlo eyafika eParis nomlingani wakhe uNikolai Gumilev. U-Adeo udale ama-cavot athile, aphefumulelwe isithombe sika-Ana, naphakathi kwawo imidwebo yemvelo enqunu, yize u-Ahmatov ephika ukuthi alotshwa kuye. Iningi lezithombe zezinkondlo lalahleka lapho lithumela eRussia, kodwa isithombe esisodwa asigcina ngothando iminyaka eminingi.
Ngo-1914, iModigliani yahlangana nentatheli beBeatris Hastings. Yonke inhlangano yaseParisian yabona ubudlelwano babo obuthuthuke ngokushesha. Umhawu, ukudlala ngothando, ukushaywa kanye nokuvukela kwahambisana nale noveli. UBeatrice wazama ukusindisa i-Amedeo emlundweni owesabekayo, kepha babenamandla. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 yezinkinga nokubuyisana, i-Hastings ishiye iModigliani.
![Amedeo Modigliani kanye zhanna eButerrn Amedeo Modigliani kanye zhanna eButerrn](/userfiles/126/12431_7.webp)
Ngo-1917 kwavela ukuthi uguquko lomculi. Uhlangane nomfundi osemusha uJeanne Ebüern. Umnyuziyamu wezinwele wawuneminyaka engu-19 ubudala, futhi waba umngane wakhe othembeke kakhulu. Imizwa yabathandi ayizange iphazamise imibhikisho yabazali bentombazane eyayingafuni ukuthi indodakazi ibe ngumFourt walowo ompofu ophila impilo ende.
Ngonyaka ngemuva kokuthandana, lo mbhangqwana washukumisela ukuba muhle. Isimo sezulu sendawo sasilusizo kukhula i-Health Amedeo, kepha izigaba zokugcina zesifo sofuba kwakungezokwelashwa. Ngawo lowo nyaka, abathandi babenendodakazi. Ubaba ojabulayo wenza isiphakamiso sikaZhanna ukuba abe ngumkakhe. Ngalesi sikhathi, izilaleli zaba nesithakazelo emisebenzini yomculi, futhi kwabonakala sengathi le ndaba izothola owokugcina ojabulisayo. Ngo-1919, lo mbhangqwana wabuyela eParis, kepha kwaxoxwa ngezinsuku zomculi. Waphila izinyanga eziyi-7 futhi washonela esibhedlela angabi namakhaya.
Ukushona
Kahle umthambeke kahle uhambisana ne-modigliani impilo yakhe yonke. Wambhala wempilo ebuntwaneni, wabe esethonya lotshwala. Kwakungenakwenzeka ukukhuluma ngesifo sofuba - ngaphandle kwalokho kuzodingeka azisuse emphakathini. Lesi sifo sabangela ukufa komculi. NgoJanuwari 24, 1920, i-Amedeo Modigliani yafa ngenxa ye-tuberculosis meningitis.
Ngaleso sikhashana, isithandwa sakhe sasilinde ingane yesibili. Ukungafuni ukuphila ngaphandle kukaModigliani, wakuthola kahle impilo, esephonswe phansi esitezi se-6. Ukufa kukaModigliani kwashaqe yonke iParis. Ufezekile endleleni yokugcina yabangane abaningi.
![I-Gray Amedeo Modigliani I-Gray Amedeo Modigliani](/userfiles/126/12431_8.webp)
UZhanna wangcwatshwa ethuneni elinesizotha kude nalowo oshade naye ogama lakhe lingu. Eminyakeni eyishumi kuphela kamuva, izihlobo zivumele uthuli lwayo ethuneni likaModigliani, futhi luxhumanisa abathandi.
Ngaphezu kwendodakazi kaJoan, u-Amede Modigliani wayengenazo izingane. Wazinikela ekufundweni kocwaningo lukababa. Eminyakeni emibili ngemuva kokushona kuka-Amedeo, umsebenzi wakhe wakhuphuka kakhulu ngentengo, futhi i-master uqobo yayivele yabizwa inkulu.
Ngo-2004, umqondisi we-bichael Davis uMichael Davis wasusa ifilimu eliphilayo ngempilo nomsebenzi weModigliani.
Imidwebo
- Ngo-1909 - "Isinxibi esivela kuLivorno"
- Ngo-1914 - "Yilwa Diego River"
- Ngo-1915 - "Izithombe zePablo Picasso"
- 1915 - "Anthony"
- 1916 - "Umakoti nomkhwenyana"
- Ngo-1917 - "UNuda emcamelo ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- Ngo-1917 - "Owesifazane Onezinwele Ezibomvu"
- 1918 - "Alice"
- 1918 - "Girl ngombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka"
- Ngo-1919 - "Umculi Ovela KuNice"