Umlando Wemilingiswa
Ingoni yeNoveli uNikolayevich Tolstoy "Impi nezwe" yamukelwa njengesibonelo sakudala sezincwadi zaseRussia. Lo mkhiqizo uhlanganisa ukujula kwencazelo, ubuhle bokulandisa, ubuhle bolimi lwesiRussia kanye nenani elikhulu lezinhlamvu. Incwadi ichaza izihloko zenhlalo kanye nezici zomphakathi wekhulu le-19. Ikhulisa izinkinga, ukuhambisana kwayo okungalahleki ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abalingiswa bomsebenzi basiza ukuphendula imibuzo evela ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene, bemboza iphuzu lokubuka kwabameleli baleso sikhathi.
I-heroine yokuqala, ehambisana nomfundi kuyo yonke le ndaba, iba ngu-Anna Pavlovna Sherler, umnikazi we-salon, lapho kuvela khona izivakashi ezivela ekukhanyisweni okuphezulu kakhulu. Izihloko eziphambili ekhishini ziyisimo ezweni kanye nesenzo sikaNapoleon.
Umlando wendalo
"Impi Nokuthula" - inoveli ebekiwe eye yathola impumelelo ngokushesha ngemuva kokushicilelwa. Ukucasuka komsebenzi kwashicilelwa ngonyaka we-1865 kumagazini "iRussian Bulletin", kwathi kwabafundi abangu-1866 bajwayelana nezingxenye ezintathu ezalandela zenoveli. Kamuva, kwashicilelwa ezinye iziqephu ezimbili.
Isimilo somsebenzi njengoba iveli-epic akuyona ingozi. Inhloso yombhali iyamangaza ngempela. Le ncwadi ichaza ama-biografikhi wezinhlamvu, phakathi kwawo ubuntu bangempela nezithombe eziqanjiwe. UTolstoy uchaze amaqhawe ngokuzethemba kwakhe kwengqondo okubukhali, kanye nokugxekwa okubhaliwe kuhlale kufuna ukuthola ama-prototypes asetshenziswa nguye ekwakhiweni kwemifanekiso yokwenziwa kwezithombe.
Abaphenyi "Impi Nokuthula" bathi, basebenza ezithombeni zamaqhawe, uTolstoy waphoqelelwa ezincwadini zamandla ebhizinisi, ngokuziphatha ebudlelwaneni bezothando, kusukela ekunambithekeni. Esikhathini esizayo, abalingiswa basatshalaliswa ngemindeni, bakhula, iKuraggic noma amabhlokhi. Umlingiswa weqhawe ngalinye wanqunywa ngokwahlukana, efuna ukulungiswa maqondana nokwethenjwa mayelana nenkathi, i-psychology of Society yalesosikhathi neqiniso lomlando.
Ukugxekwa kwemibhalo kubona ukubopha izithombe ezithile kubantu bangempela. I-aristocrat, umnikazi weSt. Petersburg salon u-Anna Shersher ingenye yalawa maqhawe. Encwadini, i-Brainchild yakhe iyindalo ye-Antipartriac. Lapha lapho kusalokhu kubonisa ubuzenzisi bezivakashi zakhe. U-Anna Shersher ubonakale isampula lamanga namanga, ekhombisa ukuqunjelwa kanye nezimpawu zomlingiswa ezihambelana neze-medium ezakha ikhabethe.
Kunelukuluku lokuthi ekuqaleni uTolstoy wathatha i-heroine ehlukile. Ukusebenza isithombe se-heroine, wayefuna ukufonela u-Anneta D. nokwenza intokazi enhle enhle evela emphakathini ophakeme kakhulu. Abasolwaphila batholwe enguqulweni yokugcina yokufana kokufana kweShereler noFreilina Alexander Andreevna Tolstoy, isihlobo somlobi, asithandayo. Umlingiswa wokugcina womlingiswa ushintshele izinguquko ezinkulu futhi usephambene ne-prototype.
"Impi Nokuthula"
U-Anna Pavlovna shsher, ngokusho kukaTolstoy, kwakunguFreilan Empress Maria Fedorovna. Wagcina i-salon yabameleli bendawo ephezulu kakhulu, lapho kwaxoxwa khona nezinkinga zezepolitiki nezenhlalo. Kusihlwa esikhungweni sakhe nendaba iqala. I-Age Sherler isondelene neminyaka engamashumi amane, ukubukeka okulahlekile kokusha kwangaphambili, i-natura ihlukaniswa ngobuhlakani nekhono. U-Anna Pashlovna unethonya futhi akanandaba nokubamba iqhaza ezinyangeni zenkantolo. Yakha ubudlelwano nabantu ngesisekelo sokucatshangelwa kwamanje. UTolstoy wenza i-heroine eduze komndeni waseKuragin.
Owesifazane uhlala ehambisa impilo nokuqina, okwakuchazwa isikhundla sakhe emphakathini. E-SHANNENLEN BATOON, izihloko ezifanele kakhulu okuxoxwe ngazo, futhi umuntu onelukuluku "wethulwa" nge-dessert. Ngokuhambisana nemfashini yokuqala yekhulu le-19, umbuthano wawo wenziwa ngokuthanda izwe, futhi izingqikithi ezixoxwayo ziyimpi noNapoleon. U-Anna Pavlovna wasekela imizwa ejwayelekile nemizamo yombusi.
Ubuqili be-heroine baphambukile ezenzweni nasemazwini akhe, yize ayekwazi ukuphatha ngobuchuse ubuzenzisi kanye namanga ingonyamakazi. Wakhe isithombe esihle, evele phambi kwezivakashi zalowo owayengekho. Incazelo yempilo uSherler yayikhona futhi ifuneka yi-mug yakhe. Wabona i-salon njengomsebenzi futhi waqhuba impumelelo yakhe. Ingqondo ebukhali, umuzwa wokuhlekisa nokungahloniphi kowesifazane, ukusiza ukuheha noma yisiphi isivakashi.
Ekhabethe basebenzise imithetho engekho emthethweni, wonke umuntu owayefuna ukuhlanganyela kuwo. Abaningi bamvakashela ukuthi bazi ngezindaba zokugcina zasemadolobheni futhi babone amehlo abo, njengoba kwakhiwa abantu abamele phakathi kwabamele izwe eliphakeme. Ayikho indawo lapha enemizwa yangempela nombono wenhloso, no-Anna Pavlovna akazange abuke muntu ozokhuluma ngomuzwa ekhishini.
Into kaBaudzova eBudzova endilinga yabangela ukunganelisekelwa koMholi, njengoba uPierre wayengeyena umuntu wezwe futhi ehlukaniswa ngokwemvelo yokuziphatha. Ukuziphatha kwakhe kwabonakala izivakashi njengethoni embi. Kusihlwa kwasindiswa ukuhamba kwezivakashi.
Ukuvela kwesibili kuka-Anna Pavlovna emakhasini enoveli kwenzeka ngesikhathi sePorodino War. Kusalawula i-salon futhi kugcina imizwa ye-Flsepatriotic. Usuku losuku lwalufundwa incwadi yenzalamizi, futhi kwaxoxwa ngesimo seRussia nempi. UTolstoy ngokuqondile uchaza njalo kusihlwa eSheron salon, ekhombisa lokho, naphezu kokushintshwa kwesimo sezepolitiki, akukho zinguquko embuthanweni. Izinkulumo zezwe azithathwa esikhundleni yizenzo ngisho nangezinsongo zamanje eMoscow. Ngenxa yesethulo esinjalo kuyacaca ukuthi ukunqoba kwamaFulentshi kunqotshwa ngamandla amakhulu abantu abalula.
Ngenxa yobudlelwano obusondelene kaNkk Sherler nomndeni weKuragin, isiphetho sisobala ukuthi kungani u-Anna Sheer noHelen abangenamntwana. Ukukhetha kwabesifazane kuzimele futhi ngokuzithandela. Babengumsebenzi okhangwa kakhulu emphakathini kunokubulawa kwesikweletu somndeni. Kokubili umbono othakazelayo wokukhanya emhlabeni, hhayi ithuba lokuzwa umndeni nonina womndeni. U-Antipode Sherler ngalo mqondo wawungama-contos weRostov.
-Vikayo
Inoveli imvamisa ekhethwa ukugqugquzelwa komqondisi weSoviet, isiRussia kanye nakwamanye amazwe, ukubona isibonelo se-classics elibusekayo, ibhuloho lebhalodi lokubona izithombe nokudalulwa kwezinhlamvu eziningi.
Amafilimu amathathu okuqala esisukwini semisebenzi kaTolstoy ayeyisimungulu: ezimbili zazo zazingelomqondisi uPeter Chardynina. Ngemuva kwesikhathi eside, uMqondisi weKing Vido udubule nge-tepi yombala wokuqala ngomsindo. Efilimu "Impi Nokuthula" uNatasha Rostov wadlala u-Audrey Hepburn. Isithombe sika-Anna Sherler, njengasebalweni esedlule, azange adalulwe ngokugcwele.
Ku-1959 Tape "futhi abantu" baqondiswa nguGeorgy Dellai, kwakungekho mlingiswa onjalo.
ESergey Bondarchuk, USergey Bondarchuk "Impi Nokuthula" okokuqala, u-Ana Shersher uthole isimo esihle kakhulu sokubonga u-Anna Spanamanova, enobuhle obukhona esibukweni. I-Barbara Young idlala i-Freyine Empress ochungechungeni lwaseBrithani lukaJohn Davis, olukhishwe kwizikrini ngo-1972.
Ochungechungeni lwango-2007, badutshulwa nguRobert Donghelm noBrendan Donnison, isithombe sika-Anna Sherever sasingekho, futhi esikhundleni se-salon, kwavela i-salon, isenzo esifanele senzeka endlini yokukhula.
Uchungechunge UToma Harper, oshicilelwe ngonyaka we-2016, wethule isithombe sika-Anna Sherler owenziwe nguGillian Anderson.