Umlando Wemilingiswa
Umsebenzi kaNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol "Imiphefumulo efile" ayitholanga ngephutha igama elinjalo. Kudlulisela imizwa ebiyelwe eRussia. Igalari yalabo abanobufakiyo eboniswa umlobi ikhombisa ukwehla ngokomoya lapho umbuso ufika khona. Phakathi kwabanini bomhlaba, otholakala nobani umlingiswa ophambili, amakhala amakhaza abe umlingiswa onelukuluku, ogama lakhe elicijile elinikezwe maphakathi nomsebenzi. Ifana neManilov ne-Plushin, amakhala anezici zomuntu ngamunye.Umlando wendalo
Le nkondlo "Imiphefumulo efile" yadalwa phesheya. Ukushicilelwa kwevolumu yokuqala kwenzeka ngo-1841. UGogol wayefuna ukukhombisa ububi kanye nobubi baseRussia. Maphakathi nalandise kwakukhona umuntu owathola umuntu emphakathini waseRussia. Ngomfanekiso weChichikov, ikhwalithi yendabuko yengqondo yasekhaya igxiliwe.
Ukuhlaziywa kwegama elithi "Imiphefumulo Efile" kufakazela ubuntu bakhe. Umlobi wayesho imiphefumulo yabaphangi abafile abahlengile uChikchiki, kanye nemiphefumulo engenalutho yabanini bomhlaba ababephila impilo yakhe nokungazi. UGogol wasakaza umbono wokuthi uMbuso awuhloniphi abantu, ukulungele ukujabulisa izwe nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.
UNikolai Vasilyevich Gogol wahlela ukubhala inkondlo evamile emoyeni "woMcwaningi Mabhuku". Abagxeki benziwa ngokufana phakathi kwezithombe zeChichikov naseKlezlekov, beqokomisa izincazelo ezihlangene zabalingiswa, ukuhlola amabhizinisi kanye ne-adventurarism. Emiphefumulweni "efile", inhlekisa maqondana nomlobi ithathelwa indawo usizi. Yize icebo lomsebenzi libukeka linamahlaya, izinhloso zokuphila kanye nendlela yokuphila yezikhathi zalo zingathandeki yi-gogol.
UNoZdrev wayengumuntu ovela kumaqhawe, umlobi aligxekile. Ngokusho koQUROV okubhaliwe, i-prototype yokudalwa kwesithombe kwakunguPavel Trushkovsky, umlobi ozala indodana. UGogol wasikisela isihlobo enhlokodolobha, azethule emoyeni, athumele i-adventure ngefektri yesikhumba. Amaqhinga eTrushkovsky aletha umndeni ezikweletini, wonke umndeni wakhokha iminyaka engama-26.
Abanye abagxeki basikisela ukuthi i-Fyodor Tolstoy kwakuyi-prototype yesithombe esimibalabala. Iziphetho ezinjalo zivumela ukwenza izinhlamvu zikaSksakov ziye eGogol, lapho umlobi ephawula khona ngempendulo yobukhulu obukhulu emsebenzini.
Ukugxekwa okukhohlisayo kukhombisa ukuthi umbhali unikeze izinhlamvu ngamagama athi "ukukhuluma". Inani legama le-nozdrev libukwa kusuka emigqeni yokuqala. Kuhlotshaniswa nenkulumo ethi "Nostril" ehlobene nomuntu webheyili, imali kanye neScondalist.
"Imiphefumulo efile"
UNoZdrev wayengumnikazi wesithathu womhlaba, kuye uChichiki eza ukuzothengisa imiphefumulo yabampofu. IBoltun ne-Loldun eneminyaka engamashumi amathathu nanhlanu, i-nozdrev yayingeyena umuntu othembekile, yahlukaniswa injabulo enkulu futhi ngabe yenze i-turiff yayo kumakhelwane wakhe. UGogol udonsa isithombe se-nozdrev, ekhuluma ngokungatholakali kwezifiso, ukulangazelela okushisayo, ubuzenzisi kanye nokunganaki. Iqhawe alinazo izinhlelo zokuba ngaphambi kwesikhathi, kepha isifiso sokuphila namuhla siphenya okungenani. Ngengozi ukuthi uhlangane eChichikov Tavern, uhola umngani, ama-nozzle ahlangana nomthengi futhi alethe efeni lakhe.
IChichikov yenqaba ukudlala umphefumulo ekhadini futhi ivuse ukusabela okunganele kwe-nozdrev. Ngokushesha, i-Hero ezayo futhi iphinde inikeze ukubheja kwezivakashi, ukuthola ama-Checkers. Ngokusobala, ukukala, i-nozdrev ilahlekelwa, futhi kusukela entukuzane yakhe uChichikova kugcinwa kuphela ukubukeka kukaCaptain-Corp kuphela. Ukukhala komdlali ocasulayo kunikeza amahemuhemu ahlukahlukene nge-chikchik.
Umbono wokuqala wokuthi umlingiswa ukhiqiza okuhlekisayo. Uyi-chapelu, kuvela "umfana ophukile", ushintsha imali uzuze imali kuma-trinkets angadingekile. Ukungabekezeleli kwe-nozdrev kwamsunduzela ezenzweni ezingalindeleki. Iqhawe lalwa emhlanganweni omuhle, alizange liqamekele ngamaphakethe amancane, licasule imishado futhi licasulwa nguKole nokulahlwa. Ukuphola okungokomzwelo nokulima, imfucumfucu evuthayo, emsebenzini we-gogol nozdrev wathola isithombe esimnandi.
Ifa lapho i-hero ihlala khona, igcwalisa isithombe sayo ngaphezu kwencazelo yokubukeka. Isimo esididiyelwe, esifana nesimo somnikazi wefa, sibusa yonke indawo. Ukuzithandela namandla we-nozdrev awakutholi izinhlelo zokusebenza noma enkonzweni. Indlu yaseMelic, esesimweni sokungakhethi, ayibangeli isifiso sokubhekana ne-nozer. Kepha, ngokungafani komakhelwane bakhe, iqhawe libonisa ubumnandi obumangalisayo futhi livula uchungechunge lwezinhlamvu, emphefumulweni okukhona okungenani okuthile "okuphilayo".
Umnikazi womnikazi wahola ifa ehlelweni. Indlu esungulwe yafakazelwa yiqiniso lokuthi ama-nozzles awawona fan omkhulu woku-oda nokuhlanzwa. Inja kuphela eyayilungile. Izindonga zivinjelwe isikhali, zifakaza ukususa umnikazi, azikho izincwadi ezazisehhovisi nasematafuleni, ezazikhuluma ngokungabikho kokungabikhona kweqhawe nezifiso ezinkulu zeqhawe. Ukuzivocavoca okuthandayo noZdrev - amamephu nokuzingela.
Ithuba lokuthengisa "imiphefumulo efile" alizange lidale ukumangala noma ukwesaba okuvela ku-nozder. Ubesesimweni esithile isithandwa sokushintshana futhi ngesivumelwano esifanayo sabona nje ithuba lokushintsha nempahla yaseChikhikov. Kungakho anciphise amahhashi ezivakashi kanye ne-scarmer, kepha ekugcineni kwavuma ngalo mdlalo wamasheke.
UNoZdrev wayeyiqhawe lemvelo lomuzi, ngakho-ke akekho owamangala emiphumeleni yakhe. Kuyena ukuthi izakhamizi ziphathwa ngesicelo sosizo ekutholeni ubunikazi beChichikov. Naphezu kwesidingo phakathi komakhelwane, amakhala akhona ahlale umlingiswa, owaziwa kancane. Umbono wokuqala weqhawe washeshe wabheka kuye, yize i-biography ihlala ingaziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, wayenguShoeler weKhadi, umfundi uyazi okuncane nge-nozdreva.
Ngaphansi kwekhethini lemfihlakalo lihlala umndeni wakhe. Akukho lutho olungaziwa kumfundi mayelana nabazali bomnini womhlaba, kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi ungumfelokazi osemusha owahlala ngemuva kokufa koshade naye ngezingane ezimbili. Kodwa-ke, abazange bamthwese umthwalo kakhulu uyise wabo, njengoba babenakekela uNanny.
-Vikayo
Lesi sakhiwo somsebenzi ngo-1909 sasinentshisekelo kuMqondisi uPavel Cherdyntans, etheyipu yakhe esithombeni saseNowdrev sabonakala umqondisi ngokwakhe.
Ngo-1960, uBoris Livanov ubekelwe inkanyezi eLeonid Trauberga esigabeni seMikhail Bulgakov. Ukuhlelwa kwahlelwa ngefomethi yeTelplexline.
Iphrojekthi efana nohlobo lwalususwa ngo-Alexander Belinsky ngo-1969. I-NOZDRV esikrinini esifakwe ePavel Luppkeev.
I-kinocartine elandelayo ngokusho komsebenzi wakudala yashicilelwa ngo-1984 ngenxa yomqondisi uMikhail SWEWEINGE. Ngomfanekiso we-nozdrev, uVitaly Shapovalov wakhuluma.
"Icala lemiphefumulo efile" uPavel Lungin nguchungechunge lwango-2005, oluthole imigqa eminingana ebolekwe ngumqondisi ovela emisebenzini ehlukahlukene ye-Gogol. I-NoZdrev kuphrojekthi enamanani amaningi adlale u-Alexander Abdulov.