I-Biograge
UGerald Darrell wayeyindoda ebhala ngamawashi amahle nezindawo zawo zokuhlala ngaphandle komlingo. Ngenxa yezincwadi zakhe, izigidi zezingane kanye nabantu abadala bafunda ngamazwe ahlukile futhi bahlala nezilwane zabo. Futhi ukubonga okuhlukile kombhali kufanele kuthunyelwe ezakhiweni zeCorfu, ngoba lesi siqhingi senze ukuchuma ngenxa ye- "Greek Trilogy" Darrell.Ubuntwana nentsha
UGerald Malcolm Darrell wazalwa ngoJanuwari 7, 1925 edolobheni laseNdiya laseJamshedpur. Umfana waba yingane yesi-5 emndenini kaLouise Dixie noLawrence Darrell - Okwesikhulu. UJerry wayenabafowethu ababili abaphezulu, uLeslie noLarry, kanye noDade Margaret. Omunye udade wafa ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaGerald, ebuntwaneni.
Ingane yokuqala yombhali wesikhathi esizayo yadlula eNdiya. Ubaba kaJerry wayengunjiniyela waseBrithani, futhi umsebenzi wahlinzeka umndeni wethemba nesikhundla. Umfana Wezilwane Womhlaba waba nentshisekelo ezimelweni zabathandekayo, kwabanye iminyaka emi-2, futhi uLouise waphikisana nokuthi i-zoo (zoo) yaba ngomunye wamagama akhe okuqala.
Ngo-1928, abayisikhombisa balahlekelwa - uLawrence Darrell bafa, futhi umndeni wathuthela e-UK. Impilo eNgilandi uDarrelev yawa wawela ukunambitha, ngakho-ke aboshwe lapho isikhashana. Ngo-1935, uLouise Darrell wanquma ukuthuthela esiqhingini samaGrikhi saseCorfu, elandela isibonelo sendodana endalo. Ngemuva kweminyaka eminingi, ngenxa yalesi sinqumo, abafundi bathola enye yezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zikaGarald "umndeni wami nezinye izilwane."
Esiqhingini, kude nezimilo ezidumile zaseBrithani kanye nesimo sezulu esibandayo, isithakazelo se-zoological somfana sagcina sesimisiwe. "Umndeni wami nezinye izilwane" akuhlali ziqukethe amaqiniso anembile ngempilo yama-Darrell Island esiqhingini samaGreek, kodwa isifiso sikaJerry ukuguqula indlu ebethe.
Unina kaGerald akazange abeke umkhawulo - umfana wayeyintandokazi yomndeni futhi wayenenkululeko engenamkhawulo, kubandakanya nemfundo yasendulo. Funda umbhali wesikhathi esizayo wazama eNdiya, naseBrithani, kodwa isimo sesikole semfundo sasingeyena. Othisha babheka uJerry bakhubazekile futhi bayiziphukuphuku, futhi umfana wazama ngamandla abo bonke ukugwema ukuvakashela amakilasi.
Abafundisi abaningi baphinde bachaze eCorfu, futhi bachazwe "emndenini wami ...". Phakathi kwazo kwakungudokotela wamaGrikhi nososayensi uTheodore Stefanidez, owayengeyena umfundisi kuphela, kodwa futhi nomngane osondelene noGerald. Imfundo ephelele ye-Darrell egcwele kathathu ayikaze itholakale lokho, ngendlela, ayizange imvimbile ukuba angabi nguprofesa ohlonishwayo wamanyuvesi ambalwa.
Ngo-1939, isikhathi seCorfu emndenini saphela, uLouise, uJerry noLeslie baphoqeleka ukuba babuyele e-UK - kwaqala ukwanda kwempi yezwe. Ngo-1943, udokotela wezemvelo wesikhathi esizayo kwakufanele abizwelwe ebuthweni lempi, kepha isosha laseGerald alizange lisebenze - i-Qatar engapheli yakwaNos nokwethembeka yavinjelwa.
Lapho bethola ukuthi leli phoyisa licele uJerry, noma ngabe ufuna ukulwa. Waphendula ngokweqiniso ukuthi cha. Lapho-ke iphoyisa labuza umbuzo wesibili: "Ingabe uyigwala?", NoDarrell baphendula ngokuqinisekiswa. Futhi amasosha athumela umbhali ekhaya, njengoba kufanelekile impilo, ephawula, nokho, leso isibindi esiningi kufanele sizazise ukuba yigwala.
Okwesikhashana, uGerald wasebenza esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo, kwathi ngemuva kwempi waba ngumsizi (noma, ngokwezinkulumo zakhe, "umfana eClacutity") eWipStore Zoo. Kuleli phuzu kuqhubeke, ukubala phansi kwe-biography yakhe njengomcwaningi wakulo mhlaba wezilwane kwaqala.
Ukuphuma, izincwadi nama-movie
UGerald wahlela uhambo lokuqala ebusheni bakhe, ngo-21, ngokushesha nje lapho eqala amalungelo amafa. Izimali ezisuke entandweni kababa, uDarrell watshala imali eCameroon naseGuyan. Zombili lezi zinto zicebise okuhlangenwe nakho kukaJerry, kodwa kwavela ukuthi zehlulekile ngokwezezimali. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1950s, isazi semvelo sasisesimweni sezimali esihlukile futhi ngaphandle kwabangasebenzi.
Ngemuva kwalokho, elalele izeluleko zomfowabo omdala uLawrence, uGerald waqala ukubhala. Indaba yokuqala ye "Hunting Haintiry Frog" ithande abafundi futhi yaletha umlobi wemali. Lolu sizo oluphoqelelwe i-Darrell kuhlale phansi ngomshini ophrintiwe, kwathi ngo-1952, ngokususelwa kuhambo oluya eCameroon, wabhala incwadi egcwele ngokuphelele "i-ARM egcwele kakhulu". Abafundi nabagxeki bathatha umsebenzi injabulo, futhi umbhali olandelayo wama-Rorers wavumela uGerald ukuba ahlele uhambo oluya eSouth America ngo-1954.
Lolu hambo lungaphela ngesishwathi: Babenokuphambana kwamasosha eParaguay, kanti izazi zemvelo bekufanele zibalekele ngokuphumele ezweni, zishiya iningi leqoqo eliqoqwe. Mayelana nalolu hambo nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okuyingqayizivele kukaDarrell ngo-1955 kwabhalwa encwadini ethi "Ngaphansi kwe-canopy yehlathi elidakiwe".
Ngemuva kweParaguay, uGerald wabuyela kafushane eCorfu. Ukuphumula esiqhingini kwavuselelwa izinkumbulo zezingane, kwathi ngo-1956 wabhala incwadi ethi "umndeni wami nezinye izilwane." Kuyo, umlobi ngesitayela sakhe esihlekisayo kuye wakhuluma kuye ngeminyaka yokuphila eCorfu, izindaba ezikhuphukayo ezivela empilweni yamaqiniso e-DarrLellov.
Indaba yaphenduka umsebenzi ophumelele kakhulu uGerald, yahunyushelwa ezilimini eziningi futhi yaphinde yaphrintwa. Kamuva, waqhubeka "UGreki" Trilofy, kepha akasho ukuthi "izinyoni, izilwane nezihlobo" noma "insimu yonkulunkulu" ayizange ibe nempumelelo enjalo.
Futhi imali yokubhala yanikeza uDarrell lelo thulo lokuya kuloluhambo - ngo-1957, isazi semvelo saya eCameroon ngesikhathi se-3. Umgomo kaJerld waba yizilwane ze-zoo zakhe. Kodwa-ke, lapho ebuyela ezweni lakubo, umbhali washayisana nabaphathi enqaba, ngenxa yokuthi izilwane zazidlalwe isikhashana, eBhodini likaMargaret Darrell. Lesi simo sesiphenduke isizathu sokubhala incwadi ethi "Zoo Emithwalweni Yami."
I-zoo esiqhingini saseJersey, eyaba yibhizinisi lempilo kaGerald, yakwazi ukuvula kuphela entwasahlobo yango-1959. Iminyaka eminingi, leli cala lalingasebenzi kahle ngokungathandeki, yize iqiniso lokuthi uDarrell wabeka yonke indlela kuyo. Kodwa-ke, umbhali akazange ayeke.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, ama-expedition amaningi anikele ekuqoqweni kwezilwane ze-zoo, egcizelela izinhlobo zezilwane ezingandile nezisengozini - uGerald waqonda ukuthi kuphela ngale ndlela abangazigcina ekuqothulweni okugcwele. Ngokuzayo, i-zoo imaka ukuqala kokudalwa kwezimali eziningana zokulondolozwa kwezilwane zasendle ezikhona nanamuhla.
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi uDarrell ezincwadini kwakuvame kakhulu uFrank, indaba yakhe nezindaba eziphathelene nezilwane zaphumelela njengezincwadi zezingane. Kepha incwadi ethi "Ukuxoxa Ngendlela" yohlobo olungajwayelekile lwe-fantasy Jeralld yabhala ngqo izingane. Indaba yavalwa ngemuva kwalokho - yasuswa yikhathuni.
Kwakunezithombe eziningi ekuhambeni, kepha ukuqoshwa kwama-movie ngemvelo kwaba olunye isiqondiso. Impumelelo ye-Painting "Bafut ne-hound" yabeka ukuqala kokubambisana kwe-gerald ne-BBC, futhi kamuva amafilimu asiza ukuheha imali yezimali zezemvelo.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngokuqondene nempilo yomuntu siqu, uGerald Darrell wayengumHedonist: Ngaphandle kwezilwane, wayethanda ukuphuza, ukudla okumnandi nabesifazane abahle. Emshadweni, umbhali wahlanganisa kabili, kepha akanazo izingane.Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoUJackie Walfhenden waba ngumfazi wokuqala wombhali, indodakazi ye-Manchester Hotel, lapho uGerald eyeka khona. Ubaba wentombazane wayephambene nomshado, kwathi ngo-1951 othandweni, ukushada, kwadingeka ukubalekela. UJackie Jackie noGerald bahlala iminyaka engama-28, kodwa ngenxa yalokho, lona wesifazane wayekhathele ukudakwa komyeni wakhe kanye neqiniso lokuthi wayengenalo i-zoo ebalulekile kuye.
Ngokuzayo, umlobi washada ngo-1979 eWilson's Natural. Kwakunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwabashadikazi: Ngesikhathi somshado, uGerald wayeneminyaka engama-54, noma - 30. Naphezu kwalokhu, umshado waphenduka wajabula futhi wahlala ekufeni kukaDarrell.
Ukushona
Ekupheleni kwempilo kaDarrell kwakungumuntu ogula kakhulu. Lokhu kwagqugquzelwa ukuhlukunyezwa kotshwala nokubhema (wonke ama-Darrell ayenjalo ngandlela thile). Ukwenza ukusheshisa kukaGerald kumiswe kungakwazi ngisho nokuzithoba esibhedlela: Izivakashi eziningi zithole indlela yokuletha umlobi wotshwala.
I-NaturalIst ithuthukise i-cirrhosis, futhi ngasikhathi sinye yathola isimila esibindini. UGerald wenza ukufakelwa, kepha kubambezele kafushane ukufa. Ngenxa ye-Darrell Darrell yamukele imishanguzo, imvithiso enkulu kangangokuba isibindi singayilahlile umzimba. Ngenxa yalokhu, kwaholela ekuthuthukiseni ukutheleleka nokutheleleka kwegazi. UGerald Malcolm Darrell ushone ngoJanuwari 30, 1995 eJersey, imbangela yokufa kombhali waba yi-sepsis. Isidumbu, ngokwentando, sasishiswa, futhi ama-Urn angcwatshwe emlotheni eJersey Zoo.
I-Bibliography
- 1953 - "Umkhumbi ogcwele ngokweqile"
- 1955 - "Ngaphansi kombhede wehlathi elidakiwe"
- 1956 - "Umndeni wami nezinye izilwane"
- 1960 - "Zoo Emthwalweni Wami"
- Ngo-1961 - "Ukugqwala Ogwini"
- Ngo-1966 - "Indlela kaKengurenka" / "amabili ehlathini"
- Ngo-1968 - "Rosie - izihlobo zami"
- Ngo-1969 - "Izinyoni, izilo kanye nezihlobo"
- 1974 - "Ukukhuluma okuphelele"
- 1977 - "IGolide Lishellows namajuba apinki"
- 1978 - "Insimu Yonkulunkulu"
- 1982 - "Abathandi bemvelo"
- 1990 - "Isikhumbuzo somkhumbi"
- Ngo-1991 - "Umama ngokukhishwa"
- Ngo-1992 - "AY-AH mina"
Izics
- 1957 - "Ku-BAFUT nge-HOULD"
- 1958 - "Bheka"
- Ngo-1962 - "Dove ehlathini"
- Ngo-1965 - "Ngibambe ikoloni"
- 1982 - "Umkhumbi endleleni"
- 1984 - "UDarrell eRussia"
- 1990 - "Esiqhingini sase-Aye-Aye"