I-Biograge
Umlobi uTruman Hood wadume ngezincwadi "zokudla kwasekuseni eTiffany" kanye "nokubulala okubandayo" futhi waba yizincwadi zaseMelika zekhulu lamashumi amabili. Imisebenzi yombhali yakha isisekelo sezihlangu inqwaba yezihlangu, ezaziwa kakhulu okubhekwa njengetheyiphu ye-Oskarone ene-Audrey Hepburn endimeni eholayo. Umlobi iminyaka eminingi waba yingxenye ebalulekile yephathi yezwe laseMelika, lapho ayethathwa njengobuhlakani ngemikhuba ye-crank.Ubuntwana nentsha
I-Classic yesikhathi esizayo yazalwa ngo-1924 eNew Orleans, eLouisiana, egama linguTruman strekfus. Unina wabizwa ngokuthi uLilly May, nobaba - u-Arkulus, kanye nentsha baphathwe kahle ekukhulisweni kweNdodana, imvamisa beshiya lokho kunakekela izihlobo zabo.
Isibongo somlobi we-hood sathatha ubaba otholwayo, usomabhizinisi waseCuba, ovele emkhayeni, lapho umfana eneminyaka engu-9. Kuze kube manje, ngenxa yesehlukaniso sabazali, ingane yayihlala e-Alabama isikhashana e-Alabama futhi yanikezwa yena. UTruman wazizwa efunda futhi abhale esemncane.
Edolobheni laseSouthern Alabaming, eMonrovill, umfana wahlangana noHarper Lee, ehlala eduze. Lezi zingane zaba abangane abahlukaniseki futhi bagcina lokhu kuxhumana iminyaka eminingi, yize bekukhona amaphikisi: I-truman ebucayi yabonakala ithambile ngemuva kwesibindi saseHarper.
Ababhali babona ukuthi bathola ama-prototypes komunye nomunye ngemisebenzi yabo. Ngakho-ke, i-hood ephefumulelwe emfanekisweni we-DIlla enoveli edumile "Bulala i-Casting", futhi uHarper wakhonza njenge-prototype ka-Idabel, ama-heroine "amavoti, amanye amagumbi." Ukushada ngo-1933, umama uthatha indodana yakhe ahambe naye eNew York. Kusukela ngo-1935, i-truman yamukelwa ngokusemthethweni iyisibongo, esizodumala kamuva.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, umfana wayazi ukuthi zithakazelisa kanjani izindaba kunokuba zithandwa esikoleni esizimele eManhattan, ezayisenziwa iminyaka emithathu. Emzamweni wokwenza ingane, abazali ngo-1936 bayithumela e-Authert Academy, nakulo nyaka umlobi ukhumbula njengenhlekelele.
I-Trumen Hood iqede iminyaka yesikole eConnecticut, lapho umndeni wathutha khona ngo-1939. Lo mfo wawubhekiselwe emakilasini, wanaka kuphela leyo miyalo lapho umphefumulo ulele kuwo. Kavele-ke, uvela esixukwini nomuntu onobuntu bakhe namafomu asondelene naye eqenjini lentsha yaseBohemian, elihamba kusihlwa ukuphuza iwayini, ukudansa noma ukuqhubeka nama-nightclub amasha we-York. Imfundo ephakeme iTruman ayitholanga.
Umsebenzi wokuqala wale nsizwa waxazululwa, waba ngumfundi wekilasi lokuthweswa iziqu. Ukwazile ukuthola indawo kumagazini odumile obhaliwe "New Yorker". Futhi yize umfana eganwe ekukopisheni amaphepha amaphephandaba nezithombe zokuhlunga, waba nethuba lokujwayelana nemibuthano yokubhala kanye nokushicilela ibhizinisi.
Ukudala
Ukubhala izindaba ze-hood zaqala ebuntwaneni, kwathi ngo-1936 waze wabamba iqhaza emncintiswaneni wezincwadi, iphephandaba ledolobha lase-Alabamia laseSelula. I-Mastery of the umlobi osemusha ihlolwe futhi yaphathwe ngokuthola. Ngaleso sikhathi, umfana uhlala ehamba ne-notepad nepensela, umlando wokubhala. Owesilisa watshela ukuthi isifiso sokuba ngumlobi otholakala ebuntwaneni futhi sinikele ngamabomu ubuciko amahora ambalwa ngosuku ngemuva kokubuya esikoleni.Ngenkathi esebenza eNew Yorker, uTruman wenza imizamo eminingana engaphumelelanga yokushicilela izindaba zabo ephephabhukwini. Le nsizwa yashiya le ncwadi igxile emsebenzini wokubhala, imnikeze isikhathi esigcwele. Kulokhu, i-hood isuka edolobheni lasebuntwaneni bakhe, lapho umsebenzi we-rut vanove "ehlobo uqala. Le ncwadi yabhalwa ngo-1943, kepha kwavela incwadi yokuqala ngo-2005 kuphela.
Amaqhawe emisebenzi ye-hood ayevame ukuba ngabantu "hhayi ezweni lalokhu", uConfenant uqobo nalo mbhali. Umbhali wenze wakhuluma ngaye ngemuva kokuvela kwendaba "uMiriam" kumagazini "Mademoiselle" ngo-1945.
Indaba yentombazanyana eyinqaba ekhangelekile abashicileli, futhi indlu yaseRandge yasayina isivumelwano nombhali ngencwadi enkulu, eyaba yinoveli "amanye amavoti, amanye amagumbi", akhishwe ngo-1948. Umsebenzi wawulindele impumelelo, kwahlala ohlwini lwabathengisi bezinyanga ezingaphezu kwezingu-2, futhi umbhali waba ngumfanekiso wemfashini, abafundi abaphonsa izincwadi.
Ngemuva kwesiphithiphithi esiphumelelayo, uTrumen Hood uyaqhubeka nokubhala izindaba, kwathi ngo-1951 umlobi walolo mbhali uyaphuma - "izwi lotshani", elikhuluma ngabantu ababencishwe amathuba enovalo lokukhula nokucasha emhlabeni wonke isihlahla. Kuma-50s, i-hood iqala ukuzama ukuba njenge-playwright, ukubambisana neHollywood. Impumelelo enkulu yalokhu kuhlangana ukubhekelwa kwamanoveli "ibhulakufesi eTiffany", okuhlinzekwe yi-Blake Edward ngo-1961. Umlando weNew York Tusovover Holly Golinightli waletha uMlobi Wenkazimulo Yezwe.
I-vertex yemisebenzi yombhali weTrumen Hood yaba yinoveli edokhumenti "yokubulawa kwezinga elibandayo", enyatheliswa ngo-1965. Umbhali wasebenza emsebenzini weminyaka emi-5, eshiya leli cala futhi ejwayelene kakhulu nabadlali, kubandakanya nababulali. Le noveli yashicilelwa izingxenye kumagazini "New Yorker" futhi yaletha ukuqashelwa kwabagxeki kanye nempumelelo yezentengiso.
I-bibliography ye-hood ifaka phakathi inqwaba yemisebenzi, eziningi zazo ezisuselwe esisekelweni samafilimu futhi zihlelwe izingcaphuno.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
UTruman Hood akazange afihle ukuqondiswa kocansi futhi wayeyisitabane esivulekile. Ngalesi sizathu, owesilisa wayengenaye umfazi nezingane. Umuntu oyinhloko osempilweni yakhe yangasese kwakungumbhali uJack Daphni, ukujwayela okwenzeka ngo-1948.
Amadoda awafani nomunye futhi enze indlela ehlukile yokuphila: I-hood yayiyinkimbinkimbi futhi yacwengisisiwe, uJack - ngesibindi. UDaphni, owayenomshado ongaphumeleli nowesifazane, wakhetha indlela yokuphila esefihlekile, futhi uTruman wakhazimula futhi wakha amaqembu ngaphandle kwawo. Naphezu kokwehluka, amadoda ayeneminyaka engama-35 futhi ahlukana nalolo hlelo lukaJack, owayekhathele ukubekezelela umlingani womlingani onotshwala nezidakamizwa.
Ngemuva kokuhlukana noDaphni, iHood yavuthazela ukucindezelwa, okwakuzama ukuminza amanoveli ajwayelekile ngaphandle, kodwa awazange aduduze. Le ndoda yajikeleza ephathini yezwe, ukuxhumana nezinkanyezi zebhizinisi lombukiso, osomabhizinisi abacebile nabamele ama-bohemia e-Creative Bohemia.
Umlobi wawungummeli kanye nentandokazi yabesifazane bokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu, abathola umdlali ocophelela kuye ngomqondo ocashile. E-biography yomuntu lapho ubungane noMarilyn Monroe no-Elizabeth Taylor, Jacqueline Kennedy noBaib Palee. Phakathi kwabesifazane abacebile abacebile kwakubhekwa njengemfashini ukuxhumana neTruman Hood, njengoba kufakazelwa ngezithombe eziningi zomshushisi nosaziwayo.
Ukushona
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, iTruman Hood cishe ayizange ihlanganyele emisebenzini ebhaliwe. Cishe kunesizathu sokukhuluma ngenhlekelele yokudala esifikile eminyakeni eyishumi edlule yempilo. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, izinkinga ezihambisana nezidakamizwa notshwala zikhuphuke. Imizamo eyenziwe ezikhungweni zokuvuselela amandla yaphela ngokuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le ndoda yathuthukisa ukushushiswa.Ngo-1984, isimo somlobi somlobi sasiba sibi kakhulu, esanda ngenxa ye-overdose, lapho i-hood yangena esibhedlela esisesibhedlela esikhona esibhedlela. Ukubuyisa ukulingana okuqotho, inkinga yaya eCalifornia iye entombini ende uJoan Carson. Endlini yakhe eLos Angeles ngo-Agasti 25, 1984, umlobi washona ngonyaka ka-60 wokuphila. Imbangela yokufa yasebenza njengesifo sesibindi, kuyinkimbinkimbi ngezidakamizwa ezidakayo.
Ngemuva kokufa, umzimba weprosesi wawususiwe. Uthuli lwe-hood lwe-tumen wake lwebiwe, kwathi ngo-2016 izinsalela zomlobi zathengiswa ngendali kumuntu ongaziwa ngama- $ 45,000.
I-Bibliography
- 1943 - "I-Summer Cruise"
- 1948 - "Amanye amazwi, amanye amakamelo"
- Ngo-1949 - "Isihlahla Sobusuku nezinye izindaba"
- Ngo-1950 - "Umbala Wendawo"
- 1951 - "Amaphiko Otshani"
- 1956 - "Kuzwakale izithungu"
- 1958 - "I-Tiffany Breakfast"
- Ngo-1965 - "Amakhaza Amakhaza"
- 1973 - "Izinja zigqwabane"
- 1980 - "Umculo we-chameleon"