I-Biograge
Umqambi odumile waseRussia wekhulu le-19 uMluulija Balakirev wanikezela impilo yakhe yonke emculweni futhi angatholi injabulo evamile yabantu. Waba ngumphathi wezemibono noMdali wenkambo ehlukile kwezobuciko, futhi ifa lakhe elinethalente lisebenza nanamuhla.Ubuntwana nentsha
UBalakirev Milakiya Aleksevich wazalwa ngoJanuwari 2, 1837 eNizhny Novgorod, uMbuso WaseRussia. Unina womfana wahlanganyela ekukhuliseni izingane nasemndenini, futhi ubaba u-Alexey Konstantinovich wayengummeleli wobukhosi nomeluleki weTitale.
Amalungu omndeni wakwaBalakirev ayengabalandeli benkolo yendabuko yamaKristu kanye nokuhlwanyelwa emkhathini ofanele. UMiliya omncane wayekholwa kangangokuba ikusasa leBishopos lalihlekisa ihlaya. Ukukholelwa kuNkulunkulu ngemuva kwalokho kwahlala kuyisihloko esibalulekile kumqambi wokuphila.
Kusukela eminyakeni yokuqala, uBalakrev Jr. wabonisa isithakazelo nekhono lomculo, elinganyamalalanga emehlweni kanina. Lapho eneminyaka engu-6, uMiliya waqala ukutadisha lo mdlalo kupiyano futhi abonise impumelelo enesisindo. Ukuze ithalente lomfana liveze ngezinga elikhulu, abazali bamthatha eMoscow.
Enhloko-dolobha, ingane yadlula inkambo esheshayo yepiyano kuthisha othandwayo noMqambi uDubyuk Alexander, kanti edolobheni lakubo yaqhubeka nokumazisa ithuluzi ngaphansi komqhubisi wendawo kanye nopiyano uKarl Eiserich. Nguye owethula umfundi no-A. D. Smybashev - umculi-amateur, i-pheetset kanye nokukhanyiswa, okuthonya kakhulu ukwakheka kobuntu be-mia.
Endlini ka-Alexander Dmitrieving, kusihlwa ezinobudlova zazivame ukusethwa ngezingxoxo zezinkinga zobuciko namakhonsathi, ezazihanjelwe wonke ukhilimu womphakathi wokudala - abaphathi bendawo, ababhali bendawo. Kwakungezehlakalo ezinjalo ukuthi izisekelo zokubukwa kobuhle bomqambi wesikhathi esizayo zakhiwa.
Ukufa okungalindelekile kukaMama Milaria kwaqeda izifundo zakhe ezihlala njalo. Lapho iBalakirev-Sr. Ushade okwesibili, iholo lakhe lalinele ukondla umndeni omkhulu. Kwakungekho nkulumo okufanele ngikhokhele izifundo zendodana yabo. Lapho umfana eneminyaka eyi-12, wanikezwa i-nizhny nowgod Noble Institute. Lapho, i-Milia yakwazi ukuthola imfundo yamabanga aphezulu ngenxa yosizo lwenhlangano yendawo.
Lapho eneminyaka engu-16, wangena kwisibalo se-University of Kazan nge-rovoswnist, kodwa isifundo sakhe sasungulwa kungekudala nje - unyaka wonke, umfana wamisa imali eyanele yokukhokhela imfundo. Ukuze uyondla, iBalakirev yanikeza izifundo zomculo wangasese. Ngalesi sikhathi, waqamba imisebenzi yakhe yokuqala - izingcezu zepiyano nezothando.
Umculo
U-Alexander Smilshev, ebuka indlela engcono kakhulu ye-milaiya, enquma ukuyithatha noSt. Petersburg ngo-1855 futhi awethula ngeComposer Mikhail Glinka. I-Balakirev, okuyingxenye yomculo eyayiyingxenye ebaluleke kunazo zonke, yabonisa izindatshana zayo zezwi ngezinto ezibonakalayo. Indoda yazisa kakhulu umsebenzi wensizwa enethalente futhi yameluleka ukuthi azinikele ekubhaleni izingoma zomculo.
Ngo-1856, uMdali we-novice wethule ama-strut wakhe ezilalelini, futhi wabonisa nethalente lomqhubi nopiyano ngesikhathi sokugcwaliseka kweConcert Allegra nge-orchestra. Abagxeki bomculo nababukeli abanenjabulo bathatha umsebenzi kaMia waseMia, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho waqala ukunikela ngezindlu ezinhle. Lesi simo lesi sithuthukise isikhundla sezezimali salowo mfowethu, kodwa saba nomthelela emisebenzini - wayengenaso isikhathi samahhala.
I-Balakirev imisebenzi yakhe yahlanganiswa ngesitayela sesizwe saseRussia, kancane kancane yaqala ukuthandwa emphakathini ophakeme futhi ihole umsebenzi wekhonsathi osebenzayo. Kodwa-ke, noma kunjalo uMulnia wakuqonda ukuthi inhloso yakhe eyinhloko ukwakha umculo kanye nokudluliswa kwemibono esezingeni eliphakeme, ngakho-ke le nsizwa yanciphisa inani lamakhonsathi libe yimali, naphezu kokuthi ishaya isikhwama sayo kanye nokukhanyiselwa .
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1850s, i-biography ye-gey's Biography ibonakala isibalo esikhulu sabantu obajwayele abaculi - v. Stasov, A. Dargomyzhsky, kanye no-A. Serov. Abahlanganyeli bale nhlangano bakhulume ngemisebenzi kanye nekusasa lomculo kazwelonke. Zonke izinsuku zabantu abanomqondo ofanayo baba ngaphezulu - ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abaqambi abahlaba umxhwele boMbuso WaseRussia, njengo-A. Borodin, C. Kyu, N. Rimsky-Korsakov, uM. Mussorgsky ajoyine abaqambi abahlaba umxhwele.
UMilliilia wancoma ngamunye wamathangi amancane futhi wazibheka enesibopho sokubasiza bathole isitayela somculo esiyingqayizivele futhi bathuthukise ithalente. Kancane kancane, yakhiwa iqembu elicebile labaculi, lapho umuntu ngamunye ayenendlela yomuntu siqu. Kepha akuzange kuphazamise abantu abasha ukuba basizane ngokonakala kokuqokwa kwenambitheka kazwelonke. "Isandla esinamandla" sakhuthaza ngenkuthalo umbono wesizwe ebuhlotsheni besimanje, okwakungama-avant-garde ngaphakathi kwesiko laseRussia.
Umsebenzi we-Solo Creative weBalakirev waqala ngokwakheka kwemidlalo yepiyano ne-amateur zothando. Ekuqaleni kwendlela eya kumuntu, umuntu omaziyo noMqambi uMikhail Ivanovich Glinka wayenethonya elinamandla. Ngo-1866, wacela uMia ukuba abekele isikhundla sokuba yisigaba esiphezulu se-operas "impilo ye-tsar" nelithi "ruslan noLyudmila", obekumele badlule ePrague Theatre. Kulomsebenzi, umculi wazibonakalisa njengomqhubi wethalente nomsebenzi osebenza kanzima.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1860s, isigaba esinzima saqala e-biography yaseBalakirev - Umqambi waqala ukunyundela nokushushiswa okuthonya khona okuningi ngokwengqondo. Kamuva, owesilisa ulahlekelwe ugqozi iminyaka eminingana futhi wayeka umsebenzi wakhe womculo. Ngemuva kweminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 (ngo-1881, waphinda waqala ukwenza imisebenzi yakhe - waqala ukuzibandakanya ebuholini bakaCpella nokubhala imisebenzi emisha evuthiwe. Ngalesi sikhathi, inkondlo ye-symphonic ebizwa nge- "Tamara" yashicilelwa.
Ngaphansi kokuphela kweminyaka yama-1890s, isikhathi sokugcina sokudala nesikhuthele kakhulu sokuphila komculi. Waqamba izingoma eziningi zikaPiano, wasebenza ngezinkondlo ezinjalo zeSymphinic ngokuthi "eCzech Republic" kanye ne- "Russia".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngenxa yokuthi uMiliya Aleksevich wayengukuphathwa kwezimo ezinzima zokuphila (impilo yakhe yonke akazange anciphise ukuphela ngeziphetho, kwakukhona izifiso ezingezinhle ngaye) kanye ne-Creative, ethanda imvelo, wehluleka ukujabula kuye Impilo yomuntu siqu, thola umkakhe futhi udale imali eyakhe emphakathini. Umqambi wasala unomphela uBachelor umiswe emculweni.
Iqiniso elithandekayo ukuthi, naphezu komnikelo omkhulu, hhayi kuphela emasikweni aseRussia kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-European, noma edolobheni elinye akuzange kusungule itshe lesikhumbuzo noma esisekelweni ngesithombe. Impilo yami yonke, indoda yayinobuhlakani kakhulu futhi isikhathi esisodwa sacabanga ngokungathi sína ukuya esigodlweni sezindela.
Ukushona
UBalakirev Milaliya Aleksevich washona ngoMeyi 29, 1910 eneminyaka engama-73. Waphila impilo ende ecebile kakhulu. Umzimba womqambi uphumule kumathuna e-Tikhvin eSt. Petersburg. Imbangela ngqo yokufa ayaziwa.Imisebenzi Yomculo
- 1955 - "Ingoma yaseSpain"
- 1858-1861 - "King lir"
- Ngo-1864 - "Lark"
- Ngo-1869 - "Islamey"
- Ngo-1884 - "Engadini"
- 1900 - "Dumka"
- 1903 - "Ukulala"
- 1904 - "Ukulala"
- 1909 - "ZARYA"
- 1909 - "Rock"