I-Biograge
I-biography ye-Expery Engineer Valery Besslova bekungeke kube nentshisekelo uma kungekho izehlakalo ezenzeka ngo-1986. Umhlaba watholakala ngaye njenge-liquidator, eyaphenduka endabeni yezehlakalo futhi igcine izimpilo zezigidi zabantu. Ngemuva kwesigameko esigabeni samandla enuzi e-Ukraine saqala ukubizwa ngokuthi iqhawe laseChernobyl, futhi lokhu akuyona ingozi, indoda eyayinesineke ngempela eMthethweni onesibindi.Inkambo
UBoris Boris Boris wazalelwa ekwindla ngo-1957 edolobhaneni laseForovArovka Marynsky Distriction Donetsk esifundeni (esifundeni saseStalin esedlule). Cishe akunalo ulwazi mayelana nobuntwana babantu, kwaziwa kuphela ukuthi ngemuva kokuthola iziqu, wathuthela e-Odessa futhi lapho wangena eNyuvesi ye-National Polytechnic e-Expertyneer-Heat Energy.
UValery waqala ukusebenza ngokushesha ngemuva kokuphela kweNyuvesi. Njengoba usuthole okukhethekile, waya eChernobyl kwathi ngo-1980 wahlala wasebenza esimisweni samandla enuzi. Umfundi wangaphambili akakwazanga ukunikela ngendawo enhle yeChernobyl, ngakho-ke kwadingeka siqale ngezikhundla zomsebenzi. Iminyaka yachitha khona, indoda yaphakanyiswa kaningi ngaze yaphenduka inhloko.
Eminyakeni embalwa ngemuva kokuqhuma kwalesi siqhumane, iBessAlov NPP yaqhubeka nokusebenza lapho, kwathi ngo-1989 wathuthela e-Ukraine State Republican Institute ekwakhiweni kwamandla kagesi we-Ukrdiproenergo amadolobha futhi asevele etholwa nguNjiniyela Womklamo. Futhi ngo-1992 kwaqala kabusha umsebenzi eChernobyl, kwathi eminyakeni engama-20 eyalandela ayizange ayishintshe.
Ngo-2012, iBessSlov yanelisekile ngeqembu lezikhungo zenhlangano yenuzi nge-Enargoatom PC. Le yibhizinisi lesifundazwe lase-Ukraine, elingukuthi wonke ama-Plats anamandla enuzi ezweni. Lapho, indoda isebenza kuze kube namuhla.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Akunaka kangako ngempilo yomuntu siqu kaNjiniyela waseSoviet. Indoda ithanda ukungayinikezi imininingwane enjalo, ayivumeli ingxoxo futhi ngokuvamile iholele impilo enesizotha. Kunemininingwane kuphela emithonjeni evulekile le ndoda inomfazi nendodakazi, ayizange ikhulume ngezinye izingane emaphephandabeni.Ingozi yeChernobyl
Ingozi embi eChernobyl yase-Ukraine e-NPP yenzeka entwasahlobo yango-1986 futhi yavutha hhayi e-Ukraine kuphela, kodwa futhi ne-Europe, ngoba ifu le-radioactive lasakazekela kude ezweni elifanayo. Ukuqhuma kwenzeka engxenyeni yamandla yesi-4, i-Reactoror yawa, inani elikhulu lezinto ezinobuthi zawela emvelweni. Imiphumela yayiyesabeka, kwangcoliswa amamitha-skwele angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezingama-200. km.
Abaholi beSoviet Union baphoqa wonke amabutho ekuqedeni inhlekelele, bakhangwa yileli cala kusukela kwa-600 kuye kwangama-900 abantu, owokuqala ku-Epicenter ayesebenza nge-NPP, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wawuthola ngokuqinile. Abantu abakaze babone ngokuphelele konke ukungathi sína kwesimo, izingubo ezikhethekile ezinganakwa nezinye izindlela zokuvikelwa.
Ngemuva kwezisebenzi zesiteshi, abacimi bomlilo baxhumene necala, khona-ke amabutho angaphakathi abandakanyeka ekuletheni. Lapho ingozi enkulu iqedwe, yaqala ukwakhiwa kweSarcophagus engxenyeni yamandla yesi-4, izinkulungwane eziyishumi zezakhiwo zensimbi kanye namamitha ayizinkulungwane ezingama-400 e-cubic ukhonkolo kwenziwa ekwakhiweni kwayo.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemuva kwale micimbi, ochwepheshe bathola umnyombo oncibilikisiwe we-reactor nokuthi ukusabela kwenuzi kuyaqhubeka ngesivinini esihlanya. Ngaphansi kwamathani wezinto ezincibilikisiwe, kwakukhona i-reservoir enamathani amanzi ayizigidi ezi-5, ukuncibilika kancane kancane umnyombo uphile ipuleti elivikelayo futhi ngesikhathi esifushane kungafinyelela amanzi. Ngalesi simo, ukutheleleka okunomsakazo bekungathola uhhafu weYurophu.
Ukuqeda usongo, imiyalo yemihlahlandlela okufanele ithumele ngamagumbi agcwele amanzi e-4th reactior yabantu abathathu okuzodingeka bathole futhi bavule ama-valves okukhiya, bese bangena ethangini. Ngemuva kokukhipha uhlelo, lo mthethosivivinywa ubehamba ewashi, manje bekuwukukhetha labo abazoyifeza. Amavolontiya atholakalanga, ngakho-ke leli cala lahehwa ngamaqhawe amathathu - onjiniyela beSoviet Alethei Ananenko, Boris Baranova kanye noValery Besslova.
Lapho kubhale echibini, kwakudingeka ukuthi kusebenze cishe lapho kuthintwa, izibani zasiza kancane. UBharanov wasala emnyango, futhi uBesslov no-Ananenko bangena emanzini, izinga lawo afinyelela kuwo amadolo. Amadoda ahamba ngalo umbhobho abeka phansi, ekuqaleni kwakukhona ukukhathazeka ukuthi bekungeke kwenzeke ukuthola ukufakwa okulungile. Kepha ngemuva kokungena ephaseji, ukungabaza wanyamalala, ama-valve ayenezibonakaliso futhi ayenomqondo. Ngokuqeda iphutha, onjiniyela babavula kalula futhi, bezwa umsindo, babona ukuthi amanzi ashiya. Manje kwase kuthi kuphela ukukhwela emuva.
Amadoda anikine ama-chernobyl divers. Umthamo ophumelelayo we-irradiation ku-chernobia yazo zonke izinkomba ubulale abantu, kepha le ndaba iyazishintsha okuningi okumangazayo. Amaqhawe amabili ase-Ukraine amathathu ayaphila futhi aphile ngalo lolu suku, uBoris Baranov kuphela owashona, wasebenza esiteshini iminyaka eminye iminyaka engu-19. Lokhu kwenzeke ngo-2005, indoda yayineminyaka engama-64 ubudala, futhi ukufa kwakhe akuxhunyiwe nemisebe.
Ngokuhlonipha ukusindiswa kwezigidi zabantu eChernobyl, kusho isikhumbuzo "labo abasindisiwe emhlabeni!", Kanye nesithombe salamaqhawe amathathu esizeni sezehlakalo sasinamazwe amaningi. Ngokuhlonipha uBaranov, ozakwabo bafaka isicelo senhlangano eKholobha ledolobha laseKiev ukuze igama le-Hero liqanjwe njengomgwaqo enhlokodolobha yase-Ukraine.
UValery BessSAlov manje
Manje i-liquidator ihlala eKiev, isimo sakhe sezempilo asibangeli ukukhathazeka, umuntu uyaphila futhi uyaqhubeka nokusebenza. Kuze kube manje, wanikezwa kabili, kwathi ngonyaka we-2018 wathola umyalo wesithathu ezandleni zikaMongameli wase-Ukraine "ngobudoda" ze-III degree.
Ngokukhumbula ngengozi yeChernobyl ngoMeyi 2019, iNorth American HBO Channel ikhishwe i-5-serial mini-uchungechunge "Chernobyl" enikezelwe inhlekelele, ukumiswa kwayo kanye nokuphenywa kwezizathu.
E-UK nase-United States, itheyipu yathola ukuqashelwa kwezilaleli, kodwa akubona bonke abantu abanelisekile. Yize uBesslov uqobo akazange axoxa nalokhu, amanye ama-lidagetors athukuthele. U-Alexey Ananenko, "uDiver" odumile kakhulu ovela kwabathathu abaphezulu, wathi, ngokungafani nesimo, kwakungewona amavolontiya, kodwa bamane baphoqelela ukulandelana kobuholi.
Iphini LikaMqondisi weCherniga Sergey Parshin futhi akazange azibone yena nozakwabo ku-Ribbon. Ngokubona kwakhe, umsebenzi ophethe akavezwanga kulolo khanyisa, abantu base-Bunker baziphatha ngendlela ehlukile, abaningi babekezelela izikhindi. Futhi ngokuvamile, izinhlamvu zidluliselwa ngokungalungile.