I-Biograge
U-Admiral Pavel Nakhimov uthatha indawo ekhethekile phakathi kwabashayeli be-flotovodian njengomunye wabameleli abakhanyayo besikole sobuciko bezempi. Wabona okuwukuphela kwencazelo nenhloso yokuphila esenkonzweni, ngakho-ke wangena endabeni yeqhawe lemikhumbi yaseRussia. Indoda ithathe kahle i-Fyodor USHAKOV, uDmitry Seyhanin noMikhail Lazareva, baba ngumuntu ozongena esikhundleni sawo amasiko abo akhazimulayo.Ubuntwana nentsha
AmaFlotodets wesikhathi esizayo azalwa ehlobo lika-1802 esifundeni saseVyazemsky esifundazweni saseSmolensk, edolobhaneni lasedolobheni. Akunakudangawa kakhulu ngobuntwana bakhe. Umfana wakhuliswa emndenini we-stepan nakhimov omkhulu ompofu kanye nomfazi wasendlini we-feodovia Nakhvova (umshado kaKozlovsky). Ngaphezu kwakhe, abazali babenezingane eziyi-10, ezinhlanu zazo. Njengoba usuvuthiwe, ngamunye wabo walandisa izimpilo ngesenzo sasolwandle.
UPawulu kusukela ebuntwaneni uphupha ngokuba ngamatilosi, abazali basisekela ukukhetha kweNdodana, futhi ngenxa yalokho bamsize athumele amadokhumenti ayisa eMarine Cadet Corps eSt. Petersburg. Kuliqiniso, bekungenzeki ukubhalisa kusukela okokuqala, bekuyizifiso eziningi kakhulu ukungena lapho, ngakho-ke uNakhimov kwadingeka alinde ulayini iminyaka emi-2.
Entwasahlobo yango-1815, uPaul wasabhalisa ku-CADET Cabita CabicArdememem. Kamuva, izifundo zamnciphisa nabantu abanjengoVladimir Dal, uPavel Novosilsky no-Alexander Rykachev. Ngokubambisana ngo-1817, baye ekubhukuda kokuqala eBrig "Phoenix", base benethuba lokuvakashela amachweba eStockholm, eKarlskrun kanye noCopenhagen. UNakhimov ubephakathi kwabafundi abahamba phambili, wakwanele iminyaka emi-3 ukuqeda inkambo yezidumbu.
Insizakalo emikhunjini
Ukuba salitilosi ochwepheshe, uNakhimov uphenduke abe kwi-2nd Flot Crew eSt. Petersburg. Ushaya i-frigate "cruiser" emyalweni womunye odumile we-flotovodnya Mikhail Petrovich Lazarev. Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2, indoda e-Janus "ihamba ngeBaltic, futhi ngemuva konyaka iya e-Arkhangelsk.
Lapho-ke kwakhiwa umkhumbi umkhuzi owayedingeka kuwo. Kepha ngaphambi kokujoyina isikhundla esisha, ubizelwe emuva ku- "Cruiser". Kuyo ngo-1822, uPawulu ujikeleza umhlaba, owagcina kuze kube ngu-1825. Ngemuva konyaka ngemuva kokusebenzela amatilosi, banqunywa yiLieutenant, futhi lapho befika ezweni, banikezwa umyalo weSt Vladimir.
Lapho ebuyela eSt. Petersburg, uNakhimov uphinde wathunyelwa e-Arkhangelsk, eqenjini le- "Azoza". Kuliqiniso, ezinyangeni eziyi-12 nje zidluliselwa kuBaltic, futhi ngonyaka uPavel Stanovich wazihlukanisa empini lapho iRussia, eNgilandi neFrance yashaya imikhumbi yaseTurkey-yaseGibhithe eLwandle lwaseNavaria-waseGibhiyoni koLwandle LwamaNavarino.
Wayala ibhethri lomkhumbi we-Flagship, kanti iqembu laseRussia laholwa ngu-Admiral Login Gayden, owanikezwa uNakhimov ngale mpi ngokulwa kukaSt. IV degree, futhi ngasikhathi sinye waphakamisa owesilisa okaputeni uLieutenant.
Omunye umehluko wavela ku-biography yaseNakhimov ngemuva kwempi yaseRussia - Turkish. Le ndoda yaphathiswa ukuthi iyala i-Trophy Corvette "Navarin", lapho ahlanganyele khona evinjiwe ye-Dardanelles njengengxenye yeqembu laseRussia. Lapho izikhundla ziphela, umkhumbi wakhe waba yingxenye yemikhumbi yeBaltic. Eminyakeni embalwa elandelayo, ekhanda iqembu lomkhumbi wePallada, kamuva wathutha ukuba ayokhonza olwandle olumnyama futhi esesikhungweni sekaputeni yesikhundla sokuqala ethola uMthumo "Silistria".
Ngomlando ophenyayo, imininingwane ukuthi abasebenzi bendoda enodumo bafeza imisebenzi yalo myalo, lapho uPavel Stepanovich ngokwakhe ahlengelwe khona ngemiyalo. Ngo-1845, uMbusi uNicholas ngenze indoda eMnyangweni we-Counter-Admirals, kwathi emva kweminye iminyaka engu-7 - ePhini Admirals of the Russian fleet. Wangena esikhundleni senduna yesigaba somkhumbi kulesi sikhundla.
Impi yaseCrimea yaseCrimean yango-1853-1856 yayingelula khona ukuthi imikhumbi yolwandle emnyama, ngoba le qembu yathatha imisebenzi yempi yayo, yayala uNahimov ngaleso sikhathi. Yize isitha sasihlome ngesikhali esinamandla, i-Admiral yahlanganisa izinqolobane ezitholakalayo. Lokhu kwabasiza ukuba bavikele insimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iningi lemisebenzi yenzeka ngaphansi kobuholi bukaPavel Stanovich.
Lokhu kufakazelwa yimpi ye-soniint ka-1853. Naphezu kwesivunguvungu esinamandla, le ndoda yathola, yabe isibhubhisa amabutho amakhulu emikhumbi yaseTurkey. Ngaleli nqolomu, uhalalisele mathupha uMbusi, uthumela idiploma ephezulu kakhulu futhi abize ukunqotshwa kwesitha emhlobisweni womlando wemikhumbi yaseRussia.
Obunye ubufakazi benkonzo enonya kwaNakhimov ibizwa ngokuthi isikhathi sokuqokwa komuntu ngasikhathi sinye ezikhundleni ezimbili - umbusi waseSevastopol ne-Commander of the Port of Lomuzi. Njengoba imikhumbi yesitha ivimbele insimu kusukela olwandle, isidingo esibukhali somholi onolwazi futhi onamandla.
Yize uPavel Stepanovich ayenamandla amakhulu, kwafika isikhathi esinjalo. E-Embodiment of the Defence Yedolobha Okuhlose, Wasizwa Igunya Elingenakuphikwa Kuba Amatilosi Namasosha. Iqiniso elihehayo: Ezingeni eliphansi le-Admiral elibizwa nge- "Bar-Inzuzo", ngakho-ke baphathwe ngamatilosi ajwayelekile.
UNakhimova wabheka leli qhawe - umphathi ongenasibindi owaphila impilo yesosha, kodwa yena uqobo, engacabangi, wafaka engcupheni ikhanda lakhe. Abaphikisi bavame ukubona i-Admiral phezu kwebhulashi lethegi noma ngesibhamu ezandleni zakhe ekhanda labangaphansi. Ukungakhathaleli okunjalo akuzange kuhlale kwenzeka ku-Pavel Stanovich ezandleni.
Ngesikhathi se-Sevastopol Nakhimol Nakhimov elimele ekhanda, nokho, ukulimala bekungabi kakhulu. Kepha ngemuva kwezinyanga ezimbalwa, wayebuye futhi enkabeni yempi futhi kulokhu sekuvele ngathola ukungqubuzana. Ngenxa yomkhuzi ongenasibindi, umoya wezikhulu namasosha akakaze awe, indoda enjalo yahlala emlandweni waseRussia.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Mayelana nempilo yomuntu siqu ye-Admiral kunethiwekhi imininingwane emincane ngokuphelele. Njengoba besho, le ndoda yazinikezela kolwandle, futhi, ngokwemininingwane ethile, wayengenaye umfazi. Kepha eminye imithombo isho ukuthi oshade naye wayesekhona, kepha hhayi esisemthethweni. Wayengapendiwe naye ngokwemithetho yoMbuso WaseRussia, kepha lokhu akuzange kuvikele abantu abasha ukuba badale umndeni.
Unkosikazi kaNeshi uvikelekile ogama lakhe linguRaheli wanika abayeni bakhe izingane ezintathu - wonke amadodana. Ngemuva kokufa kweFlotoder, lona wesifazane onabafana waxoshwa efeni. Behlula impilo, waletha bonke, washada futhi walinda abazukulu.
Enyakeni yakwaNakhimov kwakuyindoda evelele, ukubukeka okuhlotshiswe umfaniswano lapho eboniswa khona namuhla ezithombeni ezihlukile. Yize ukukhula kwakhe okunembile kungaziwa, ezithombeni ze-pavel stanovich aziphansi kwesethi yamanye amaphoyisa.
Ukushona
Ukuvikelwa kweSevastopol kwasusa izimpilo zenani elikhulu labantu. I-Broze Brea, ehleka cishe izinyanga eziyi-11, ayizange iqhubeke futhi i-Admiral, ibhidliza impilo yayo ephakeme ngomsebenzi. Isilonda esibulalayo ekhanda, okwakuyimbangela yokufa, uPavel Stepanovich wamukelwe ehlobo lika-1855.
Naphezu kwamakhwela azungeze inhlamvu, le ndoda yakhuphuka izakhiwo ezithuthukile zokuzivikela ezakhiwe zivela eMalakhov Kurgan. Enye yezitha zesitha yayibulawa. Ngemuva kokulimala, umzimba owungenzi owomsebenzi we-Commander walethwa ngokushesha esibhedlela sasensimini. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbili ukuhlukunyezwa okunamandla, naphezu kwemizamo yodokotela, kusho u-Admiral.
Uthuli wakhala eSevastopol, eVladimir Cathedral. Endaweni lapho indoda ithole khona ukudubula, yakha ipuleti elikhumbulekayo. Esikhundleni somfanekiso woboya, la mazwi alandelayo aqoshwe lapho: "" "U-Admiral Pavel Steanovich Nakhimov walimala eBalekhov Kurgan ngoJuni 28, 1855.
Umngcwabo uqoqe idolobha lonke ukuvalelisa, leli qhawe lalihambisana nabantu abajwayelekile nabavikeli be-Sevastopol, akekho noyedwa owesaba ukufungiswa kobuciko. Abaphikisi abazange badubule abaphikisi ngalolu suku, babazi ukuthi abantu bazobe bevalelisa ku-Pavel Stepanovich, futhi yize le ndoda iyisitha sabo, futhi yize le ndoda iyisitha sabo, futhi yize le ndoda yayiyisitha sabo, bahlola kahle impilo yakhe nesibindi.
Futhi lapho umculo wamasosha uqala ukudlala futhi ngaphansi kobizo lokuvalelisa kwezibhamu, kwadwetshwa imikhumbi yaseRussia kuze kube maphakathi namafulegi, kuma-cruisers wabaphikisana nabaphikisi abakhanyele. Abantu bathi izikhulu zamaNgisi, zisusa i-cap futhi zikhothamise ikhanda, nazo zivumele zivale uNakhimov.
Ukukhumbula
UPavel Nakhimov waba negalelo elikhulu ekuvikelweni kweRussia, ngakho-ke impumelelo yakhe iyaziswa nanamuhla. Masinyane nje ngemuva kokuqala kwempi enkulu yokuthanda izwe, izikole zasolwandle zavela eRussia, zaqanjwa ngu-Admiral. Futhi ngokushesha ngokushesha, i-Persimium yoMkhandlu Wokuphezulu weSoviet we-USSR yasungulwa i-oda neMedil Nakhimov. Ekuhlonipheni kwakhe, ukuthutha kwasolwandle kwabizwa, lezi kwakuyizimpahla zemithwalo, i-arradors, imikhumbi yabagibeli, umkhumbi wokulwa ongaphansi komhlaba ngisho ne-atomic rocket cruiser.
Imisebenzi ka-Admiral Nakhimov kuthelevishini yayimbozwe eRibbon Disconycount, okuyi-Vsevolod Pudovkin yahamba. Yize lokhu kungeyona incwadi eyincwadi, kepha isithombe esingokomlando nesingokomlando, kusekelwe emaqinisweni e-biography yendoda futhi kuthandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezilaleli zaseRussia. Kepha okuningiliziwe kakhulu nge-biography kaPavel Steanovich, abantu bajwayelane nomnyuziyamu eSmolensk noma ezweni lase-Admiral - ku-Manor of Khmelit.
Amagama kaNakhimov ayimigwaqo, izigcawu, ama-allys kanye nezinhloso emadolobheni amaningi aseRussia. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngo-1959, kwasungulwa itshe lesikhumbuzo eSevastopol, umsebenzi ungowakwaSculptoy Nikolay Tomsk, kuyafana naseSt. Petersburg, esikwele "eMoscow naseKrasnodar. Futhi ezweni lakubo esifundeni seSmolensk eVyazma kwafakwa ukugcwala.
Babize igama elithi Admiral kanye Nezindawo, bangena kuleli dolobhana esifundeni iSmolensk, okwathi kuze kube yilapho sekufika umzuzu obizwa ngokuthi yi-volley, kanye nechibi esifundeni saseVyborg esifundeni saseLeningrad. Futhi imidwebo kaNakhimov yayihlotshiswe ngezitembu zokuposa ze-USSR nezinhlamvu zemali zesiliva, zethusi kanye ne-nickel ngama-ruble angama-1, ama-3, ama-25, nama-50. Ukukhishwa kwalesi sakamuva kwahlelwa isikhathi seminyaka engu-190 kanye nokugubha iminyaka engama-200 kaPavel Stanovich.
-Zuzayo
- Ngo-1825 - I-Holy Vladimir 4th degree ORDE ORDER
- Ngo-1827 - Ukuhleleka kweSt George 4th Degree
- I-1830 - Order of St Anne 2th Degree
- Ngo-1837 - Umqhele we-Imperial kuya ku-Order of St Anne 2th Degree
- Ngo-1842 - Ukuhleleka kweSt Vladimir 3 degree
- Ngo-1846 - Isibonakaliso sokuhlukaniswa "seminyaka ye-XXV yenkonzo yokuxolelwa"
- Ngo-1847 - Order of St Stanislav 1st degree
- Ngo-1849 - Order of St Anne 1st degree
- Ngo-1851 - umqhele wombusi ngokulandelana kweSt Anne 1st
- Ngo-1853 - Ukuhleleka kweSt Vladimir 2th degree
- Ngo-1853 - Ukuhleleka kweSt George 2th Degree
- Ngo-1855 - Ukuhleleka kokhozi olumhlophe