Umlando Wemilingiswa
Indaba "Ngelinye ilanga u-Ivan Denisovich" waletha ukuthandwa kumlobi u-Alexander Isavich Solzhensitsyn. Umsebenzi waba yindatshana yokuqala eshicilelwe yombhali. Washicilelwa umagazini "Umhlaba omusha" ngo-1962. Indaba ichaze usuku olulodwa olujwayelekile lwesiboshwa sasekamu ngesikhathi semodi ye-stalinist.Umlando wendalo
Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi wabizwa ngokuthi "sh-854. Ngelinye ilanga le-zacka elilodwa, "kodwa ubuningi bezinhloso ezivela kubamemezeli nabaphathi bathonya ushintsho lwegama. Umuntu obambe iqhaza endabeni echaziwe kwakungu-Ivan Denisovich Shukhov.
Isithombe somlingiswa ophambili sadalwa ngesisekelo se-prototypes. Owokuqala wakhonza umngani kaSolzhenitsyn, owalwa naye ngaphambili eMpini eNkulu yokuthanda izwe, kodwa akazange awele ekamu. Okwesibili umbhali owayazi isiphetho seziboshwa zasekamu. USolzhenitsyn walahlwa yicala le-athikili yama-58 futhi wachitha iminyaka eminingana ekamu, esebenza njenge-mason. Indaba yenzeka ebusika bango-1951 eKatorga eSiberia.
Isithombe sika-Ivan Denisovich siyindlu enkulu ezincwadini zaseRussia zekhulu lama-20. Lapho kuguqulwa amandla amandla, futhi umbuso wama-stalisast wavunyelwa ukukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo, lo mlingisi waba ngumuntu obizwa ngesiboshwa seKamu Labasebenzi Yokwelashwa KweSoviet. Izithombe ezichazwe endabeni zazijwayelene nalabo abaye babhekana nalokhu. Indaba isebenze njengokushintshwa komsebenzi omkhulu, okwaba yi-Novel "Archipelag Gulag".
"Ngolunye usuku u-Ivan Denisovich"
Indaba ichaza i-biography ka-Ivan Denisovich, ukubukeka kwakhe nokuthi injani inqubo yosuku ekamu. Amadoda aneminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Ungumuzi wangomdabu waseTegenevo. Ukushiya impi ehlobo lika-1941, washiya ikhaya umkayo namadodakazi akhe amabili. Ama-wilts we-fate hero ashaye ikamu eSiberia futhi akwazile ukukhonza iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili. Ngomphumela wonyaka wesishiyagalolunye, ngemuva kwalokho uzophinde akwazi ukwenza impilo yamahhala.
Ngokwenguqulo esemthethweni, le ndoda yathola umnqamulajuqu wokuvukela umbuso. Sikucabangele lokho, sesivakashele ekudingisweni isiJalimane, u-Ivan Denisovich wabuyela ezweni lakubo emiyalweni yamaJalimane. Kwakufanele ngizibone nginecala lokuhlala ngiphila. Yize empeleni, leli cala lalihlukile. Empini, ukuboshwa kwayisesimweni esibi ngaphandle kokudla namagobolondo. Usephuthelwe, abalwa bahlangane nabo njengezitha. Amasosha awakholelwa ukuthi le ndaba yabafebe futhi bawadlulisela ecaleni, enqume imisebenzi eyisisekelo njengesijeziso.
Ekuqaleni, u-Ivan Denisovich wawela ekamu ngombuso oqinile e-UST-Izhmen, wabe esedluliselwa eSiberia, lapho imikhawulo yayingahlonishwa khona kangako. I-Hero ilahlekelwe yingxenye yamazinyo, ikhombise intshebe futhi yagaya ikhanda. Wabelwa inombolo shch-854, futhi i-campewear yenza kube yindoda encane ejwayelekile, isiphetho saso siguqula izimo eziphakeme namandla endawo.
Kwaphela iminyaka eyisishiyagalombili sokuphetha, indoda ethile yafunda imithetho yokusinda ekamu. Abangani bakhe nezitha kusukela kuseshwa kwakunesikhathi esidabukisayo. Izinkinga ebudlelwaneni kwakuwukuntuleka kokhiye obukhona ekuphetheni. Kwakungenxa yabo ukuthi abaphathi babenamandla amakhulu iziboshwa.
U-Ivan Denisovich wakhetha ukukhombisa ezolile, aphathe ngokwanele futhi athobele ngokuzithoba. Indoda epholile, washeshe wabona ukuthi ungaqinisekisa kanjani ukusinda kanye nedumela elihle. Ukwazile ukusebenza futhi aphumule, ahlele usuku olufanele nokudla, ngekhono athole ulimi olujwayelekile okwakudingeka ngalo. Isimo samakhono akhe sikhuluma ngokuhlakanipha okubekwe ezingeni lofuzo. Izimfanelo ezinjalo zakhombisa abalimi benqaba. Amakhono akhe nokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kwasiza ukuba yinkosi enhle kakhulu ku-brigade, kufanelekile inhlonipho nesimo.
U-Ivan Denisovich wayengumphathi ogcwele wekusasa lakhe. Wayazi ukuthi enze kanjani, ukuphila ngenduduzo, akazange ahleke, kepha akazange ahleke, angakuphula, angakwazi ukukhulula i-warden futhi aphethwe kalula amakhona abukhali ngokuxhumana namasayithi kanye nabaphathi. Usuku olujabulisayo luka-Ivan Shukhov kwakuyilanga ntambama lapho engatshalwanga ekhekheni futhi umgibeli wakhe akazange asatshalaliswe edolobheni lezenhlalo lapho umsebenzi wenziwa ngesikhathi futhi wakwazi ukwelula ukungilingisa futhi akazange Thola, futhi uKhesari Markovich wamnika ugwayi.
Isithombe sikaShhukhov abagxeki baqhathaniswa neqhawe laseTolstoy - Plato Karataev. Iqhawe labantu abalula, aphulwe uhlelo lwe-Insane State System, laliphakathi kwemishini yekamu, bephula abantu abahlukumeza umoya wabo nokuzakhela kwabo abantu.
UShukhov wazibuza ibha, ngezansi okwakukhubazeka ukuwa. Ngakho-ke, ususa i-cap, ehleli phansi etafuleni, anganaki amehlo okudoba esele. Ngakho-ke ugcina umoya wakhe futhi akakhapheli udumo. Lokhu kuphakamisa indoda ngaphezulu kwamaqoqo, izitsha zokukhotha, isitayela ku-lazarut futhi kungqongqoza abaphathi. Ngakho-ke, uShukhov uhlala ekhululekile emoyeni.
Isimo sengqondo ngokusebenza ngokusebenza emsebenzini kuchazwa ngendlela ekhethekile. Ukubeka udonga kubangela injabulo engakaze ibonwe, nabesilisa, bakhohlwa ukuthi bayiziboshwa zasekamu, babeka wonke amabutho ekwakhiweni kwawo okusheshayo. Amanoveli okukhiqiza, agcwele isithembiso esinjalo, asekelwa umoya wezenhlalo, kodwa endabeni yeSolzhenitsyn, kungcono ukuthi amugceme "waphezulu" uDante Aligiery.
Umuntu ngeke alahlekelwe uma enomgomo, ngakho ukwakhiwa kwe-CHP kuba okungokomfanekiso. Ukuba khona kwekamu kuyaphazamiseka ngokwanelisa umsebenzi owenziwayo. Ukuhlanza, kulethe injabulo emisebenzini yezithelo, ikuvumela ukuthi ukhohlwe ngalesi sifo.
Ukucaciswa kwesithombe sika-Ivan Denisovich kukhuluma ngokubuya kwezincwadi emcabangweni we-populism. Indaba ikhuphuka ngesihloko sokuhlupheka egameni leNkosi engxoxweni no-Aleshi. Isekela lesi sihloko ne-carreier nterera. UZimu nenkululeko azihambelani ohlelweni olujwayelekile lokuphoqelelwa kokholo, kepha impikiswano izwakala njengesihlahla sengxoxo yeKaramazov.
Ukusetha nokuhlola
Ngokokuqala ngqa, ukubonwa komphakathi kwendaba kaSolzhensitsyn ngo-1963. I-British Canal "NBC" ikhiphe isixhumanisi se-TV noJason Rardz Junior endimeni eholayo. Umqondisi waseFinland uKaspar REED wasusa ifilimu "ngolunye usuku u-Ivan Denisovich" ngo-1970, umema umculi uTom Courtney ukubambisana.
Indaba incane ngokuzivumelanisa nezimo, kepha kuma-2000s athola impilo yesibili enkundleni yemidlalo yeshashalazi. Ukuhlaziywa okujulile komsebenzi owenziwe ngabaqondisi kufakazele ukuthi le ndaba inamandla amakhulu amakhulu, ichaza okwedlule kwezwe okungeke kubekiwe futhi kugcizelele ukubaluleka kwamanani aphakade.
Ngo-2003, u-Andriy Zholdaki wabeka izizathu zokusebenza eKharkov Drama Theatre. UShevchenko. Isiteji asikuthandi i-solzhenitsyn.
I-Alexander Filippenko ephelele yadala i-Monospendacle ngokubambisana nomculi waseTheastical Borovsky ngo-2006. Ngo-2009, kwi-Opera ye-Perm Academic kanye ne-Ballet Theatre, eGeorgy Isaakyan, ubeka i-opera emculweni kaTchaikovsky ngokusekelwe endabeni ka "Usuku olulodwa u-Ivan Denisovich". Ngo-2013, i-Arkhangelsk Theatre of Drama yaletha ukukhiqizwa kuka-Alexander Gorbanya.