I-Biograge
I-Postmodernism kanye nezincwadi zeSoviet - izinto ezimbili ezihambelana. Akumangazi ukuthi inoveli yokudubula uSasha Sokolov ngawo-1970 ayitholakalanga ezweni. Kodwa-ke, ithalente kanye nokuthi ungubani umlobi akazange aphikiswa, kungamangalisi ukuthi imibhalo yakhe yesandla isatshalaliswa ngentshiseko ngokubuyekezwa okushisekayo kwalawo makhosi njengoba uVladimir Nabokov noJoseph Brodsky.Ubuntwana nentsha
Umlobi ongaqondakali futhi ovaliwe uyaziqhenya hhayi i-biography yebhanali enkulu kunazo zonke, ngokwayo edonsela inoveli. Kuyafaneleka ukuqala ngeqiniso lokuthi uSasha wazalelwa eCanada emndenini wezinhloli zangempela. Ababelethi bahlala e-Ottawa ngaphansi kwenxusa laseSoviet. Ubaba Vsevolod USergeevich, owakhe hhayi phambi kwabantu, umkhuzi weTank Battalion, wabamba okusemthethweni okuthunyelwe okusemthethweni okunamathiselwe, kodwa kwenze umsebenzi oyimfihlo wokuthola imidwebo yebhomu le-athomu. Umama kaLydia Vasilyevna wakhonza exhunyiwe.
Lapho ingane ineminyaka engu-3 ubudala, uSokolov, ukufeza iKhomishini yabaphathise, yabalekela eSoviet Union. Ngaleso sikhathi, uSasha wayengakakakhulumi, futhi wonke umuntu wayecabanga ukuthi umfana uyisimungulu. Wayichaza ngeqiniso lokuthi wayehlala ezwa inkulumo ngezilimi ezi-3 - isiRussia, isiNgisi nesiFulentshi futhi akhethe nje, lapho engizokhuluma khona. I-interlocutor yokuqala yaba nguDade Ludmila, owayemkhuhlane iminyaka emi-5.
Eminyakeni yesikole, ama-Falcons aqhakaza, esebenzisa impumelelo kontanga. Wayekhululekile futhi engenasibindi, evumela ukuzijabulisa futhi amaqhinga anesibindi athanda othisha bakhe behla emabhuleni. Futhi ofunda nabo ekilasini bakufunda ngamavesi akhe futhi bavuma izinto ezihlekisayo alwa nazo. Yize bebengabukeki njengento enobumbano: ngokwesibonelo, ngokungabina, ngokuhlekisa ukulengiswa.
Ngo-1962, le nsizwa yaba ngumfundi we-Military Institute of langaphandle, eyayiphonsa eminyakeni emithathu kamuva. Ngahamba ngazungeza isidingo senkonzo embuthweni webutho, umlobi wesikhathi esizayo waphunyuka ngendlela yoqobo: Ngiye ezinyangeni ezihlanyayo nezi-3 ngichithwe emtholampilo wezengqondo. Ngesikhathi esevele ezama ukubalekela phesheya, lapho akhonza khona ejele futhi wakhipha kuphela ubudlelwano bakaYise.
Ngasekupheleni kwawo-1960s, uSasha waqala ukusebenzisana neSoviet ngezikhathi ezithile, eshicilela lapho ama-Essays, izindatshana nezindaba. Ngo-1969, kwahlala ngokusemthethweni "eRussia Russia" njengombhali, ngokufana, eqhubeka nokufunda eMoscow State University, lapho angena khona ngo-1967.
Ukuya emnyangweni obhalekayo, le nsizwa yaya eMari El, lapho ayesebenza khona ephephandabeni lomuzi "kolkhoznaya Pravda". Lo mfo wayenesiqiniseko sokuthi kungancamela ukuza kule prose. Kodwa-ke, ubuntatheli, uhlu lwabasebenzi be-SASHA alukhathalekile. Ebusheni kaSokolov bakwazile ukusebenza ngokuzingela kanye nokushaywa unhlangothi, ngaphambi kokushiya izwe ngo-1975.
Lapho umlobi efika e-Austria Embassy ngaphambi kokuhamba, kubikwa ukuthi abazali nodadewethu bafika e-KGB benqaba ngokusemthethweni. Ngemuva kwalokho, uSokolov akazange asekele ukuxhumana nomndeni wakhe. Umlobi ngokwakhe uchaza lokhu yilokho ayengafuni ukuletha inkathazo yakhe yendabuko. USokolov akayazi nemininingwane yokufa kukababa nonina, owashona ngonyaka ka-2000, ephetha ngokuphela ngabo.
Ekuqaleni, iprose yathuthela e-Austria, yasuka kuphi ngo-1976 yathuthela e-United States, yalandelwa yiCanada, eyaba yisakhamizi sayo ngo-1977. Iminyaka yokuqala yokufuduka kwakuwukuhlolwa okunzima kombhali: eVienna Sokolov ikwazile ukusebenzela i-logger kanye ne-joiner efektri yefenisha, ngemuva kwezinkulumo ezihambelana namanyuvesi aseNyakatho Melika.
Izincwadi
I-Roman Sasha Sokolova "isikole seziwula" yabhalwa emuva eRussia, kodwa okokuqala ngqa inyatheliswe e-United States ngo-1976. Abafundi baseRussia abaqhubekayo bajwayelana nombhalo wesandla ngeSamizdat. Ngiyethemba ukuthi ukugeleza kweqiniso kweqhawe elihlushwa ubuntu obuhlukanisiwe kungashicilelwa e-USSR, kunengqondo. Kodwa-ke, lokhu kwenzeke ngo-1990, lapho umlobi esevele ehlala phezu kolwandle iminyaka eminingi, futhi izwe lakubo ladlula indlela yokwakhiwa kabusha futhi yavuthwa ngegama elisha ezincwadini.Ngesikhathi sikaSokolov, kwabhalwa eminye imisebenzi emibili, ngesikhathi sokutshalwa, - "phakathi kwenja nempisi" (1980) no- "Palisandria" (1985). Ngamanoveli omlobi, angawanaki isikhathi sendabuko kanye nokwakhiwa, ukuthembeka okulandelwa ngokucacile ohlotsheni lwasendulo lwaseRussia kucacile. Bahlanganisa i-Surrealism kanye ne-Christian Worldview, Phantasmagoria kanye nokuqonda izinkinga zomphakathi.
Imbongi Bakhyt Kenegeeving engxoxweni "nephosta nsuku zonke" yathi yahlangana neProse Sokolov isikhathi eside ngaphambi komhlangano nomlobi uqobo. Lapho kanye eMoscow, uKenezhev wanikeza ikhophi yendaba eyimpumputhe yendaba "phakathi kwenja nempisi". Ekuqaleni, imbongi ayifikanga kule ncwadi, wabe eseyifunda le ndaba, ngaphandle kokunikeza ukubaluleka okuningi. Ngemuva kwalokho umngani wacela ukubuyisa le ncwadi. UBakhyt wayeyisihawu ngokwengxenye nomsebenzi, wanquma ukubheka kuyo futhi. Ngifunde okwesibili, kwathi okwesithathu, kwesine nowesihlanu:
"Ngiqale ukuncipha ekuncomekeni nasemongelweni omangalisayo! Kule ncwadi, uSasha uchaza impilo yaseSoviet ngesitayela sempilo yaseSoviet yango-1947 noma ngo-1948, izizwa zinembile ngokuphelele. "Iminyaka eminingi, i-Bribliography yombhali yagcwaliswa kuphela ngezindatshana nezindatshana ezingandile. Ngo-1985, wabhala indatshana ngoVelimira KHLEBNIOKOV kuze kube sesikhumbuzweni se-100: "Kulesi siphetho, inkinga" umculi "nomphakathi" kuthinte konke ukungatholakali. Ubuciko luyindlela yokwazi izindlela ezingashiwongo. Umdwebi owayenemboleko kubo u-Agasfer. Ungumbuzo we-hieloglyph ophilayo futhi odukayo. "
Ngo-2000, babona ukukhanya kwenkondlo "Ukubonisana", "Gazino" kanye ne- "Philonit". Okwamanje, umsebenzi wokugcina womlobi kwakuyindaba ethi "ukukhanyisa", enyatheliswa ngo-2014.
Umlobi uhlala iminyaka eminingi eCanada, naseRussia okokugcina ngesikhathi efika ngo-1996. Noma kunjalo, kuvulekele abantu bakwenziwa bantu futhi ubanikeze inhlolokhono, kubonise isithombe nokukhuluma ngobuhlakani, ama-biografikhi kanye nempilo yomuntu siqu.
Ifilimu elikhulu mayelana nombhali liphume ngo-2017 emoyeni wesiteshi sokuqala futhi labizwa ngokuthi "uSasha Sokolov. Umlobi wokugcina waseRussia. " Iwashi lewashi lika-Ilya Belova lingumzamo wokusho ngomlobi obalulekile futhi ongaqondakali, osephenduke ama-postmodernnism aphambili ngenkathi impilo.
Indoda ithi "ikhanda lakhe liyisiRussia ngokuphelele," kuyilapho lingacabangi ukuhamba lisuka eCanada, likubheka njengezwe elifanelekile lokuphila. Futhi ngokufa, ngoba ifuna ukufa lapha.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Ngomfazi wokuqala kaTaisia, umbhali weSuvorova wahlangana eZhurfak MSU. Intombazane enethalente yasuka eMoscow yaya edolobhaneni, lapho othandekayo asebenza khona nge-eger, futhi lapho wabeletha ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ku-Alexander ngo-1974. Intsha ihlala ndawonye kungekudala, kakade ngo-1975 uSasha wenza isinqumo sokushiya i-USSR, umlingani wesibili osiza - i-Austrian Johanna Standl.
Bahlangana nabo bonke ku-MGU efanayo, lapho lona wesifazane afundisa khona isiJalimane. Ngombhikisho ngokumelene neqiniso lokuthi uSokolov akakhiqizwa ezweni, uJohanna wahlela isiteleka esomile sendlala eVienna, ngenxa yalokho izidingo zombhali zanelisekile. Lo mshado wahlala isikhathi eside, ngoba empeleni, wayengumqambingami, noma "wezemidlalo", njengoba uSasha embiza. Noma kunjalo, ngemuva kokuthuthela e-United States, izingane ezimbili zazalelwa e-USA - indodana nendodakazi. Lapha ngo-1988 umlobi wenza impilo yomuntu siqu okwesithathu, ukushada uMarlin Royl emMelika, ovela manje.
Ozakwabo abathandayo uSokolov, kepha bayabona ukuthi unomlingisi onzima kakhulu, futhi cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba ngabangane ngakho. Esikhathini se- "Instagram" akafuni ukondla emphakathini, ephila ngesigqi sakhe.
USasha Sokolov manje
Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwefilimu "uSasha Sokolov. Umlobi wokugcina waseRussia "" Isikole seziwula "sakhishwa kanye kuphela nokusakazwa kwamakhophi ayizinkulungwane ezinhlanu. Ngemuva kwe-premiere, le ncwadi yaphinde yaphrintwa futhi yaphenduka endaweni yesibili ekudumeni eRussia. Umlobi wakhunjulwa, futhi umsebenzi wakhe wathola igagasi elisha lenzalo. Ekuhlelweni kokugcina kwesembozo kwesembozo sezincwadi zombhali kuhlobisa isithombe sakhe.Ngo-2020, baqala ukukhuluma ngeqiniso lokuthi uSasha Sokolov wabekwa phambili ukhetho lomklomelo kaNobel ezincwadini. Umklomelo wagcina unqobe i-American Poetss Louise Glitch. Futhi iqiniso lokuphakanyiswa kweSokolov lihlala liyimfihlakalo, ngoba imininingwane mayelana nezicelo zalo mklomelo ingadalulwanga iminyaka engama-50.
I-Bibliography
- 1976 - "Isikole seziwula"
- 1980 - "phakathi kwenja ne-wolf"
- 1985 - "Palisandria"
- 2007 - "Ukubonisana"
- Ngo-2009 - "Gazino"
- 2010 - "Philonthit"
- 2014 - "Ukukhanyisa"