I-Biograge
Izincwadi zaseJapan zekhulu lama-20 zinamagama amaningi adumile futhi abalulekile, kepha yindawo ekhethekile ngokwesiko inikezwa umbhali kanye nombhali we-yukio misme. I-Bibliography yombhali ifaka amanoveli "I-Confession Masks" neThempeli Legolide, elingene ekilasini lezincwadi zomhlaba futhi libonga isitayela esibonisa ukuhlanganiswa kwentshonalanga nango-1968.Ubuntwana nentsha
UYukio Misima, owabiza iKimietita Chiraoka, wazalwa ngoJanuwari 14, 1925 esifundeni saseTokyo waseYozia, owawusendaweni yedolobha lesimanje laseJapan laseSzzyuk.
Ubaba wakhe u-Adzus Chiraki wayeyindoda enkulu esemthethweni kahulumeni futhi efundile kakhulu, uSizsee Haphu's umama ka-Hashi wenzeka kusukela ohlotsheni lwabathandi bezincwadi, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo ezazisebenzela umhlangano we-Maeda kwi-Oftricicial ephtrisine yeKaga. Umfana wayenogogo nomkhulu, kanye nodadewabo omncane kaMitsuko, owashona kusuka typ eneminyaka engu-17, noMfoweth 'uTiyuki, ovele ngo-1930.
Ngiseyingane, uMisima wahlukaniswa nontanga futhi wakhuliswa yisizukulwane esidala, amalungu e-Arisugava Dynasty, ayeyizindlalifa zegatsha elincane lohlobo lwe-Iserial.
Eminyakeni eyi-12 kuphela yaseYukio yathuthela endlini yabazali, kodwa impilo evela kulokhu ayikwenza kube lula. Ubaba, owathola inkanuko yesiyalo sezempi, akazange avumele indlela yokuzilibazisa yezinto zokusiza abantu futhi enze njalo yahlasela enkulisa efuna imibhalo nezincwadi.
Umama, kunalokho, evikelekile ngolaka lomyeni wakhe futhi aqale afunde imisebenzi entsha yendodana, ebhalwe ebusuku nasekhefuthini phakathi kwezifundo zesikole nezinkulumo eyunivesithi. Kwakuwumsebenzi owenza insizwa yawandla aqondene nokutadisha, futhi wayephakathi kwabafundi abakwaziyo ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle kakhulu enkonzweni yezezimali, okwaphela ngonyaka ogcwele ngomuntu onqunyelwe ngokuzumayo.
Izincwadi
Ngo-1945, ngemuva kokunikela ngeJapan kanye nokuphela kweMpi Yezwe II, u-Eskima wazinikela ngokuphelele imisebenzi yokudala futhi waqala ukuqamba imidlalo emifushane, izinkondlo kanye nezindatshana. Ngo-1946, uYukio uqede umsebenzi wenoveli edayisa "amasela" futhi wawela ezikhundleni zababhali abadumile ababehlala empumalanga esikhathini esinzima sempi.
Isimo esibingelwe sasigxilile ngemuva kwencwadi ye-semi-autobiographic "ukuvuma izolo ngemaski", okuncishiswe ngokuxabana komphakathi kanye nobungqingili. Ngenxa yezihloko ezingajwayelekile zaseJapan futhi isitayela sikaMisima ubusuku bonke saduma, futhi imisebenzi eyenziwe yaqala ukukhishwa phesheya.
Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuba ngummeleli oholayo wezincwadi zaseJapan, uMisima wanquma ukujwayelana namanye amazwe futhi njengomsebenzi wephephandaba laseTokyo aqhutshwa ngohambo, osuselwa engxenyeni yesiGreki sasendulo inganekwane ye-dafnis no-chloe. Ngaphansi kwethonya lengqondo yaseJalimane yakwaThomas Mann ne-Asia Estet, umbhali wokudla waseMaori waqala ukubuka izehlakalo ezizungezile futhi waqamba "ithempeli legolide".
Umlobi bekunzima ukuthatha ukubuyekezwa okuphikisanayo kwabagxeki kanye nomphakathi, kwaqiniswa ngemuva kokwenqatshwa kokudlala okusanda kuqedwa "Injabulo." Lokhu kwenzeke ngenxa yokuthi ngasekupheleni kwawo-1950s - ekuqaleni kweminyaka yo-1960, u-Emima wathwalwa yizepolitiki kwathi ngezepolitiki kwabhikisha ukumelana nemisebe.
Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yezihloko eziphambukayo ezishicilelwe eJapan, igama likaYukio lalijwayelekile emphakathini wase-European and American, okuqinisekisa ukuthi impumelelo ye-tetrantogy "yolwandle olukhulelwe", iqhwa lentwasahlobo "," Ukuthwala amahhashi "," Ithempeli Ekuseni "kanye nokwehla kwengelosi" Lokhu kuholele ekuphakameni okuningana komklomelo kaNobel ezincwadini, elahlekile kuzakwabo baseGuatemalan uMiguel Asunaria kanye nothisha wakhe uYasunari Kavagat.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Isimo sombhali wokudala nokungakhathali safuna ukuthi owesifazana oqonda futhi osondelene nemvelo futhi umoya wawuseduze kwakhe, ngakho-ke uMisima wahlanganiswa nomshado kuphela ngo-1958. U-Ekoko Suguima wasondela endodeni ngazo zonke izindlela, ngoba bekungekho kude nezobuciko futhi kwakuyindodakazi yomculi waseJapan odumile.
Lo mndeni waphenduka uqine, futhi ngenxa yemali ezinzile kaYukio nomkakhe nezingane ezimbili bakha isitayela sesitayela seVictorian bahlala ngaphansi kophahla lwakhe iminyaka eyi-12.
Ngemuva kokufa, okwabangela izingxoxo eziningi, izintatheli zalwa nokuphila komuntu kwalo mbhali futhi zathola ukuthi ngezikhathi ezithile avakashele izikhungo zobungqingili futhi enobudlelwano nomuntu oqinisekiswe yizinhlamvu ezisondelene. Umndeni awukwazanga ukuhlehlisa inhlamba enjalo futhi wabuyisela igama elithembekile likaMisima eNkantolo yaseJapan.
Ukushona
Ekupheleni kwempilo kaMisima, wangenela kwezepolitiki futhi waba yisitha esifungelwe se-ultrasound kanye nezezizwe zokuzibophezela kwekhodi ye-samurai iBouchido kanye nesisekelo senhlangano yezempi "(" Shield Society ").NgoNovemba 25, 1970, amalungu anabantu abanempilo kakhulu azame embuthweni wezwe, ukwehluleka kwawo owenza umlobi, ukufeza isimo sakudala saseHarakiri, esiphelile ngokufa ngenxa yesilonda esiswini sakhe. Abasizi ababekhona eduze kwe-yukio bekungavimba ubuhlungu be-Assassian banqume ikhanda lakhe, kodwa, ngokusho kofakazi bokuzibonela, kungenzeka ukuthi bakwenze kuphela ngezikhathi ze-3.
Ngakho-ke, umbhali akakwazanga ukukhombisa ubuhle bokufa kukaSamurai emhlabeni, kodwa ukuze ahlale ungumuntu, ngokwesilinganiso, wasithokozela ukucindezelwa.
Amacaphuna
- "Akulungile nalabo ababheka amaphupho omdlalo wobuhlakani. Cha, amaphupho - okuthile okuphambene, kuphunyuka ngenxa yesizathu. "
- "Okwedlule akuhlali kudonswa emuva. Kuyo, zimbalwa, kepha zinemikhumbi enamandla, okuthi, ukuqondisa, ukusiphothula esikhathini esizayo. "
- "Kulula iphuzu eliphakeme kakhulu lokuxhumana nempilo nobuciko. Lowo obhekisela ngokudeleleka kokulula imbangela kuphela, ngoba yilokhu akubona ukwehlulwa kwakhe. Uma umuntu esaba ngobulula, kusho ukuthi ukude nokuvuthwa. "
I-Bibliography
- 1949 - "Ukuvuma amaski"
- Ngo-1950 - "ukoma uthando"
- 1953 - "Imibala evinjelwe" ("izinengiso ezivinjelwe")
- 1954 - "Umsindo we-surf"
- 1956 - "I-Golden Temple"
- 1957 - "Ukutadisha Kwezimfanelo"
- 1959 - "House Kyoko"
- 1960 - "Ngemuva kwebadi"
- Ngo-1963 - "Isikole Senyama"
- Ngo-1963 - "Sailor, owakhala ulwandle"
- Ngo-1964 - "Silk ne-Insight"
- Ngo-1965 - "Ukufa nensimbi"
- Ngo-1966 - "Ukuthanda izwe"
I-tetralogy "ulwandle luningi":
- Ngo-1968 - "Iqhwa lasentwasahlobo"
- Ngo-1969 - "Ukuthwala Amahhashi"
- Ngo-1969 - "Ithempeli Ekuseni"
- Ngo-1970 - "Ukuwa Kwengelosi"