I-Biograge
I-UEFA Champions League Anthem, World-Russian, isiFulentshi nesiJalimane, ujwayelene nomuntu ngamunye webhola. Kepha amayunithi kuphela azi ukuthi lokhu kuyilungiselelo le-mentom "sadok-umpristi" lomqambi waseJalimane uGeorg Friedrich Handel. Sekukonke, indlela yayo yokudala yangekhulu le-Hour-Creative inama-opera angaphezu kwama-40, ngaphezu kwama-30 orals, amakhulukhulu amakhokho amasonto, amakhonsathi omzimba namanye amathuluzi.Ubuntwana nentsha
UGeorg Friedrich Handel wazalwa ngoMashi 5 (Februwari 23 ngekhalenda likaJulian) ka-1685 edolobheni laseJalimane laseGalle. Ngemuva kwalokho uyise uGeorge Ghendel waphenduka oneminyaka engama-63 ubudala, kwathi izingane ezi-6 ezivela emshadweni wokuqala sezivele zilimele emkhayeni. Umama womqambi wesikhathi esizayo wabizwa ngokuthi uDorothe, wayeyindodakazi yompristi. Ngemuva kokuvela kukaGeorge Friedrich, owesifazane wabeletha ezinye izingane ezintathu.
Intshisakalo yakuqala uGeorg Friedrich akazange athande uBaba - waphupha umsebenzi wommeli weNdodana yakhe. Njengabaningi eNtshonalanga Yurophu, uGeorg wacabanga ukuthi ubuqambi bebukuzijabulisa, hhayi umsebenzi, kanye nabaculi, abaculi, abaculi emphakathini ababonwa ngokungathi sína. Naphezu kwemibhikisho kanye nezinsongo zikaBaba, eneminyaka emi-4 ubudala uBancle the ubuciko bomdlalo ku-clavesis. Leli thuluzi lalimi e-Attic lapho umfana enziwa khona lapho ebusuku kuze kube yilapho abazali belala.
Lapho u-Handeli eneminyaka engu-7 ubudala, uBaba ophansi kwethonya lika-Duke waseSaselen-Weissenfelsky Johann Adolf ngashintsha isimo sakhe sengqondo ngemisebenzi yendodana. Ukuzwa ukuthi umfana omncane edlala kanjani umzimba, ummeleli weziphathimandla wambiza ngokuthi i-gerorius futhi weluleka uGeorgi ukuthi angavimbi izivivinyo.
Ngo-1694, uthisha we-gendle waba umqambi waseJalimane uFriedrich Wilhelm Tsakhau. Ngenxa yakhe, umfana wawulwazi kahle uClavoinsin, isitho, i-violin kanye ne-gobone, wafunda imithetho yokwakheka kanye nokwakheka okujwayelekile.
Lesi sikhathi sobuntwana sinqume ukwakheka kwe-Georg Friedrich Handel. Kuyena, uTsakhau unomphela wahlala uyinkanyezi yomhlahlandlela. Kweminye imisebenzi yomqambi, ithonya lothisha, ngokwesibonelo, e "Allilue" kusuka ku-Oratoria "uMesiya" kuzwakala ngokusobala.
Kakade ngo-11, i-Handel yezwakala ngokuhambisana nethalente. Umculo, okhiqizwa nguye, washaya iKurfürst yeBrandenburg Friedrich I, ukuthi wamema umfana ukuthi amkhonze. Kuliqiniso, ekuqaleni-ghendel kwakufanele aqedele imfundo. UFrederick ngiphakamise uGeorgi ukuthumela indodana e-Italy, isikhungo samanyuvesi amahle kakhulu. Indoda endala yenqabile, ayifuni ukuvumela indodana iye kude kuye. Kungemva kokushona kukababa ngo-1697 kuphela, uGedendel angaphatha ngokukhululekile ithalente.
Ngo-1698-1700, i-Handel yathola imfundo endabeni yendabuko, ngo-1702 yaqala ukutadisha ilungelo nemfundiso yezenkolo e-University of Galle. Umfana wakhuliswa emndenini wezenkolo ojulile, kodwa akazange ahlanganyele umbono wokuhamba okuthandwayo kwePietism ngaleso sikhathi. IHandel Yezemfundo Ephakeme ayitholanga, ngo-1703 yathuthela eHamburg ukuba ibe ngumculi omkhulu.
Umculo
Ekhulwini le-XVIII, indlu ye-opera kwakuwukuphela kwendlu ye-opera eJalimane ngekhulu le-XVIII, ngakho-ke idolobha laba isikhungo somculo saseNtshonalanga Yurophu. Ukufika esigabeni semidlalo yaseshashalazini yeshashalazi wasiza ukujwayelana noReinhard Kaiser, umqambi kanye nomholi we-Orchestra yendawo: Wamema umculi oneminyaka engu-18 kubabhali naseClavesinsis.
Ngo-1705, umhlaba wabona i-Debut Opera Handel - "Almira" no "Neron". Umqambi osemusha, njengothisha wakhe uKaiser, wabheka ukuthi angafanele amaJalimane ngohlobo olunjalo othandana naye, ngakho-ke ingxenye enkulu ye-opera yenziwa ngesiNtaliyane. Yomibili le misebenzi yaqala ukulethwa eHamburg National Theatre ngokusekelwa kwe-KAISER.
E-biography ye-Handel, kuvame ukuba nezimo lapho abamele iziphathimandla babefuna ukumthola. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1706, ngesicelo somndeni, iMedici, umqambi wathuthela e-Italy. EFlorence, wahlala ePrince Ferdinando Medici, owayenesifiso somculo waze wadlala ngisho nkomba. I-Opera Handel eningi eFrance exhaswe ePocket Ferdinando.
Engxenyeni yesibili yama-1700s, i-Handel yavakashela iVenice neRoma. Njengoba ukwenziwa kwe-opera bekungaphansi kokwenqatshelwa kwepapa eRoma, umqambi waqamba i-oratorio, kubandakanya nesikhathi sokunqoba neqiniso. Kamuva eFlorence, uHandel wabeka i-Opera Rodrigo (1707), naseVenice - u-Agrippina (1709), obhekwa njenge-Opera engcono kakhulu yomqambi owabhalwa e-Italy.
Ngo-1710, iGedendel yafika e-UK - izwe lapho kwakhiwa khona uhlobo lwe-Opera kuphela. Izazi-mlando zobuciko zithi ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, hhayi umqambi owodwa osasele eLondon, ngakho-ke iNdlovukazi u-Ana yasabela okokuqala njengomuntu ongacebisa ifa lokudala le-Great Britain.
ELondon, u-Handel wabeka i-Opera "Rinaldo" (1711), "umalusi othembekile" (1712), "Teze" (1713). Njalo lapho izandla zomphakathi zihalalisele umbhali, futhi wanquma ukubonga igceke lesiNgisi lokungenisa izihambi "Utrecht Te Deum" - umsebenzi onikezelwe kwiSivumelwano Sokuthula Sokuthula, esiqeda impi yesihlalo sobukhosi saseSpain.
Kwacatshangelwa ukuthi i- "Utrecht te Deum" izokwenza emcimbini onobuhlakani, kepha iqiniso elijabulisayo livinjelwe ngokucabangayo: Umthetho waseBrithani wenqabela abokufika ukubhala izingoma zemicimbi emikhulu kazwelonke. Esikhundleni salokho, i-genende yaqamba u-Odu ngokuhlonipha usuku lokuzalwa lweNdlovukazi u-Anna.
Ngo-1716, imfashini yaseHannover yaphoqa i-Handel ukuzama ukufunwa kwezinkanuko (imisebenzi enikezelwe ezenzakalweni zeviki enothando). I-Passion "Intshiseko yeBrox" yafakazela ukuthi izinkomba zomculo, umfokazi kumqambi onethalente, zisekhona. I-Handel ivuselelwa umjikelezo wesayithi "Umculo wamanzi". Umsebenzi uqukethe amapuleti omdanso we-18 - le yimephu, ne-burre, neRododon.
Kukholakala ukuthi "Umculo oselangeni" wabhalwa ngo-1715 ngomqambi wenkosi yaseGreat Britain GeoRg I. Ngezikhathi, lapho uGeorge ngiyikhonze, kodwa hhayi ngentshiseko. Kodwa-ke, ngokwemibhalo, yaqala ukuzwakala ngo-1717 phezu kwamanzi eThames. Eduze kwenkosi yesikebhe kwathutha i-barge, lapho kwakukhona khona ama-orchestra abaculi abangama-50. USuites walithanda uGeorgi ukuze aleze ukuthi aphindele indatshana kabili.
I-Handel, ijwayele ukweqa ozakwabo, ngonyaka wokuqala obhekene nokwakheka ngo-1720: Umqambi wase-Italy uGiovanni Bononchini weza eLondon. Ngemuva kwalokho amaJalimane aholwa yiRoyal Academy of Music futhi athuthukise uhlobo lwe-Opera, njengoba iNdlovukazi ka-Ana. "I-Astarta", eyabhalwa yiBononchini, yaphenduka impumelelo ye-Handel ye- "Radamist", futhi empilweni yomqambi waqala ibhendi emnyama. I-Opera yadedelwa ngemuva kwengozi yawa, ngaphandle kukaJulia Caesar ngo-1724.
I-Handel yaqonda ukuthi ama-opera abhalwe ngo-opera aphelelwe yisikhathi, ngakho-ke ngaya e-Italy ukuze ngigqolozele. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, imisebenzi yomqambi vele yaqina, i-classic. Izibonelo zifaka iLotar (1729), "Parthenop" (1730), "Orlando" (1733), "terraciator" (1734).
Naphezu kwezimbuzi, ezakha iNkosana yaseWales kanye nomqambi wase-Italy uNicola Rodora, uGhendel wakwazi ukuwela i-opera e-UK. Impumelelo isebenzise ngempumelelo "i-terracitor", eyaba ngesiFulentshi. Umculo bukhoma wahlotshiswa nge-ballet eyenziwe nguFrench Diva salle.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
I-Georg Friedrich Handel ukuphela kwenkathi ye-Baroque Era, enikezwe isikhumbuzo ngesikhathi sokuphila kwakhe, okungukuthi ngo-1738. I-Sculptor Young French u-Louis Francois Rubiyak iveze inkosi ngesimo se-Orphea edlala ngo-stre. Kodwa-ke, ingubo yemabula yeMerble Handel "iyamemeza" mayelana nokuvalwa kwe-Caviar, e-Slippers yasekhaya, iTurban Slides ekhanda, ihembe livulwa esifubeni.
Izazi-mlando zobuciko zikholelwa ukuthi akusona isikhumbuzo esibonisa i-handel kuleso siphi budedengu, sathatha indawo ehlonishwayo eLondon ngaphandle kwemvume yomqambi. Ukwakhiwa kubizwa nangokukodwa kobufakazi bokuthi ubugovu bukaGeorge Friedrich.
Ngokuphila ngesikhathi sika-Ghendia njengethalente, kepha umuntu ongathandeki. Kungabonakala kwimifanekiso ebhekwa ngumqambi ngenxa yokukhuluphala ngokweqile futhi agqoke ngokungafanele. Wayenonya kubantu, wavuma imibono emibi. Ngenkathi uJohann Sebastian uBach esebenza emjuluko kobuso bakhe, uGendee wajwayelana nabantu be-casta ephakeme ukuba "badlule emakhanda."
Ekuzithandeleni komqambi, abacwaningi babona imbangela eyisisekelo yokwehluleka empilweni yabo. Yize kunjalo, uHandeli wayengenaye umfazi nezingane. Emlandweni, akukho lwazi ngisho nangabathandi noma izintandokazi.
Ukushona
Kusukela ekupheleni kwawo-1740s, i-Handel yaqala ukuletha ukubona ngamehlo, futhi kuMqambi we-1752 wanquma ukwedlula. Ngokwezinhlolokhono zomlando, uJohn Taylor - udokotela wenziwa, ngenxa yezenzo ezingaphumelelanga kwazo ekugcineni zilahlekelwe umbono. I-Handel nayo iyimpumputhe ngokushesha. Ngo-1753, akabonanga lutho, kodwa waqhubeka nokubhala umculo nokuziphatha.Ngo-Ephreli 14, 1759, uGeorg Friedrich Handel wafa. Wayeneminyaka engama-74. Imbangela yokufa kohlelo lwephephandaba i-The Paper The Times Houmbet Hoston David Hunter okubizwa nge- "Pathological Region". Intatheli ithi izifo ezitholwe ngumqambi maduze ngaphambi kokufa - i-gout, ukukhubazeka, kungaba yizimpawu zokuhola ubuthi, okungezwe ewayinini ukuze kungabi nalutho.
I-Handel yangcwatshwa eWestminster Abbey.
Imisebenzi Yomculo
- 1705 - "I-Almira" ("Imininingwane Ye-Tsarist Destiny, noma i-Almira, iNdlovukazi CastilSkaya")
- 1705 - "Nero" ("Uthando, olutholwe yigazi nobubi")
- 1707 - URodrigo
- 1709 - "Agrippina"
- 1711 - "Rinaldo"
- 1712 - "Umelusi Othembekile"
- 1720 - "I-Radamist"
- 1723 - "Flavius"
- 1724 - "UJulius Caesar" ("UJulius Caesar eGibhithe")
- 1725 - "Rodelinda"
- 1733 - "Roland"
- 1735 - "Ariodant"
- 1738 - "Xerxes"
- 1741 - "Deidamia"