Umlando Wemilingiswa
Ikhulu le-16- 17 lenze i-dramaturgy iyingxenye ebalulekile yamagugu okubhala. Kuboniswe nge-Theatrical Lameous, bekutholakala nase-Aristocrats, kanye nabantu abavamile. Ababhali abazange bakhathazeke ngamagama, baphiwa emphakathini imicabango nemibono yabo, ngokuwela uhlelo lwanamuhla nomphakathi. UWilliam Shakespeare ungumbhali odumile wale nkathi, imisebenzi yayo igcwele isizinda sefilosofi.Umlando Wokudalwa Komlingiswa
Inhlekelele "hamlet" yabhalwa ngo-1601. I-England kwakungeyona isikhathi esihle kakhulu sohlelo lwe-feudal, ngakho-ke ukudlala kugcwele ukugqama nokuphelelwa yithemba. Ngokuhambisana nesiko lobuciko bothando, umbhali uthinta izingqinamba eziningi ezahlukahlukene. UShakespeare uchaza amaqhawe, abanikeze isimilo esingalingani. Umlingiswa ophambili womsebenzi ungaphandle kohlaka kanye nemikhawulo.
Indodana kaPolonia nomfowabo ka-Ofelia - uLaerteri waba isenzo sokwazi. Unika uhlobo olujwayelekile lweqhawe-avenger. Lokhu akuwona umlingiswa wokuqala onegama ezincwadini zakudala. Ngakho-ke igama likababa ka-Odyssey, uTsar Itaki, obambe iqhaza emkhankasweni weGolide Rune. Inchazelo yesiGreek Greek ayikahlehli ezincwadini, kepha abahumushi abaningi bayakuhlazisa, ngokusekelwe kwinhlanganisela yezinhlamvu. Njengomthetho, uLaertom ushayele umfana osebenzayo osebenzayo, umuntu wokudala ongezingqimba zomphakathi "ezinhle kakhulu.
I-Biography kaLaerta ayaziwa. Umlobi upenda iqhawe lecebo lesibili ngummeleli oshisayo, ongokomzwelo womphakathi wezwe. Umugqa wakhe uhlangana nomugqa wePrince Hamlet, futhi lesi sithombe saseLaerta siyathakazelisa. UShakespeare unikeza isibukeli ukuba azijwayeze namadodana amathathu: uHamlet, La Layeertom naseFortinbras. Lesi samuva sidlala indima epilodic, kepha isithombe saso sibalulekile. Ubaba kaFartinbra wayezosolwa ebubini bakhe. UClaudius wambulala empini eqotho. Indodana yayinesithakazelo emazweni alahlekile, hhayi ukuziphindisela. Ukomela udumo nokwamukelwa kwathuthela kubo.
UHamlet akayena fan wokuziphindisela, njenge-Fortinburgh, kepha isipoki sokuvimbela isiphetho esibi. Ukufa kwe-polonium kwavusa icala. Ngokungafani noLaerta, uHamlet wahlulelwa futhi wathambekela ekungabazeni. Ukuhlwanyela ikhanda ukushesha ku-puchin yemizwa nokunquma. Njengombuso ojwayelekile, uzilinganisa nohlobo lwasebukhosini, kwathi uHamlet ebona indima kaYise njenge-Guardian of oda embusweni. I-Fortinburg - Isifiso sokuvelela, futhi umqhele wanelisa izidingo zayo zokufisa eziphansi.
Ucezu "hamlet"
UShakespeare wenza ukuqhathaniswa okuhlukile kwe-hamlet kanye nezinhlamvu zama-laert. Owokuqala wakhothamela kuyise, owesibili ukulwela ukuqeda imiphetho yabazali. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfundi futhi uhlangabezana neqhawe. IPoloniy itholakala eNdodaneni, kodwa ibona ukuthi isiyalo sakhe singaba yize. Into yesibili yeqhawe kwenzeka ngemuva kokufa kukaYise. Izimo lapho ukufa kwe-polonia kwakungaziwa kuLaery. Usola uClaudia, futhi ngisho noHamlet akavumeli iziphetho ezinjalo.
Ukomela kokuziphindisela kuqhuba ama-laeltes, ukugqashula enqabeni ye-elsinora ukuze ziziphindisele ekubulaweni komzali. Ukuzivumela ukuthi aqede ubulungiswa, leli iqhawe likubona ukuhlonipha ukufa kukaYise. Kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi imininingwane yangaphandle kakhulu iphazamisa le nsizwa emgomweni oyinhloko. Ukungabikho kwamalungiselelo adingekayo ekungcwabeni kwe-polonium kanye nomngcwabo ofushanisiwe u-Ofelia kubangela ukuthukuthela kwakhe.
ULanert uyakwazi ukungena esonweni ngenxa yemishini yabo futhi abangele i-hamlet ukuba alwe khona lapho esontweni. Uya enkohlisweni, anganaki udumo, futhi asebenzise ibala elinobuthi, kanti inkemba ye-hamlet yakhelwe ukuzivocavoca, hhayi izimpi. Ubuqili beLaerta buthathelwa indawo ukuphenduka ukuzibulala. Ubukhosi beqhawe bubonakaliswa emizuzwini yokugcina: Ucela ukubuyisana futhi athola intethelelo. Isenzo esinjalo sibonisa amaqhawe eShakespeare. Ukuthethelelwa kwecala ngecala lobufundisi kanye nezenzo ezenziwa ngaphambilini ngokumelene nomndeni uPolonia waphenduka alungile.
Ukuvikelwa nokubeka
Ukudlala "Hamlet" kuphakathi kwemisebenzi ye-Dramaturgical eyenza isisekelo se-Classical Theatre Repertoire. Imvamisa, abaculi benza kulo mlingiswa, ithalente lakhe elimangalisayo likuvumela ukuthi uvele ngemuva kwesikhathi sikaHamlet. Kwenzeka e-Edwin Bottry naseHenry Irving, Abaculi baseTherithani abadumile baseBrithani.
Induna yokudlala eRussia yenzeka ngo-1837. I-Ivan Samarin egcwele yenziwa yiqhaza leLaery endaweni yesesha yaseshashalazini futhi ayiphumelelanga kulo, yize kamuva saba yimpumelelo kuyo, yize kamuva saba ngumdwebi omangalisayo futhi sadlala emikhiqizweni eminingi yeShakespeare. Abaculi abaningi bahlanganisa uLaerert esigabeni seshashalazini. Ekudlaleni okuyinhloko kwenkathi yeSoviet, i-gerlet edumile, i-Yuri Lyubimov enkundleni yemidlalo yaseshashalazini eTathery, uLaerta wadlala uValery Ivanov no-Alexander Polokhchikov. Isithombe sabaculi basahlobisa izindonga zeshashalazi.
Ukuvikelwa kwe- "Hamlet" akukhona okumbalwa. Ngo-1948, uLaerta wadlala uTerens Morgan. Efihlini laseRussia lango-1964 wavezwa uStepan Olenkstenko. UNathaniel Parker wavela kule ndima ngo-1990, noMichael Maloni - ngo-1996.
Amacaphuna
U-Laert uchazelwa i-vitiivo futhi ekhombisa kakhulu ukuthambekela kokumatasa kakhulu nodadewabo u-Okhalia:
"Imvelo, ukuvuthwa, iziphindaphindiwe kuNasha kuphela amandla naseziteji: ngokukhula kwe-templettetts ukunikezwa komoya nengqondo. Awekho anamandla ezifisweni ..."Kushisa futhi kubukhali ezitatimendeni, i-lahert vedod isifiso sokuziphindisela nasekushiseni kwentukuthelo ngeke ihlupheke ngamazwi aphezulu:
"EGeenna, ukuthembeka! Izifungo zamademoni amnyama! Ukwesaba nesaphulosi kwalasha kwalasha! Angikwesabi ukufa. Ngimemezela ukuthi womabili la malambu ahlelwe kimi, nokuthi uzoba yini; Uma nje kukhethwe njengoba kufanele ".UNolility ubuyela eLaerert sekwephuzile. Uthembekile emazwini okugcina, acele intethelelo futhi anikeze isono kumphikisi wakhe uHama:
"Thethelelane, nonhle hamlet. Yebo, uzoba ekufeni kwami kokufa kukababa wami, njengami ngeyakho!"Isiphetho esibuhlungu sikaLaert sinjalo izimbali ethuneni lakhe ukuphoqa akekho. Ubola umndeni, uhlala elahlekile empini, nayo eyaqala ngayo.