I-Biograge
Umlobi waseTurkey Orhahan Pamuk waziwa njengodokotela we-noresist, eveza ingqikithi yokuxabana empumalanga nasentshonalanga. Emisebenzini yakhe, amasiko endabuko avame ukungqubuzana kwanamuhla. Lapho esethole ukuqashelwa komhlaba wonke kanye nomklomelo weNobel ezincwadini, noPamuk, nokho, uhlala ezweni lakubo umuntu ophikisanayo. Abanye babathathu bamfaka kuye amaqhawe, abavikela abahlali bakahulumeni, abanye babiza umsizi.Ubuntwana nentsha
Orhan Pamuk - Umculi u-Istanbul, umsebenzi weTurk uxhumene nedolobha elidala, lapho azalwa ngalo ngo-1952. Okhokho baseRomanist beza eTurkey besuka eCaucasus. Njengoba babesegculelo, babenombala wesikhumba okhanyayo okhanyayo wezindawo ezintsha, ababezobizwa ngePamuk, okusho ukuthi "ukotini".
Umndeni womfana wawunothile futhi wadalwa. Umkhulu wakhe wenza inhlanhla ekwakhiweni kojantshi, futhi uyise kaGundyude wahlanganyela emsebenzini ohlonishwayo wonjiniyela. Abazali banamathela ekubukeni kwe-Pro-Western naseLiberal, babenesithakazelo kwamanye amasiko abantu futhi baphila ngamanani ezwe.
Umndeni uhlala esakhiweni esikhulu efulethini, lapho bonke omakhelwane babeyizihlobo ezisondelene nabo. Umndeni wagcwala ugogo wakhe, okwathi ngemuva kokushona komyeni wakhe ngaba yinhloko yomndeni engekho emthethweni. Ngaphandle komgodi oyinhloko, inhlala-kahle iye yawohloka phambi kwamehlo, kepha umlobi ngokubonga kanye nobumnene ukhumbula iminyaka yezingane lapho ephuma efulethini nasendlini yonke ayithandayo.
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoUmfana wabonga izincwadi nokuphuza ukufunda. Le lungiselelo elilungele kuphela umtapo wezincwadi kababa wamavolumu ayizinkulungwane eziyi-1.5, okwadala ukumangala kumlobi wesikhathi esizayo. U-Orhan waphupha impilo yakhe yonke ukuze aqoqe eyakhe futhi akwazi ukubona inhloso, eseba ngumlobi odumile. Encwadini ethi Incwadi Yomhlangano WaseTurkka izincwadi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-12 ezisebenza njengomthombo wokuphefumlelwa. Indawo ekhethekile kulokhu kuqoqwa kuthathwa abalobi baseRussia, ukuncoma okwakutholwa yi-prozaic ngayo impilo.
I-Novel Novel yesikhathi esizayo saya e-American School Robert College ngokuthweswa iziqu lapho angena khona e-Istanbul University of Technology. Ngemuva kwezifiso zabazali, u-Orhan waqala ukufunda eMklameni, kodwa wathatha iminyaka emithathu kuphela. Ukuphonsa izifundo, le nsizwa yaveza inhloso yayo yokuba ngumlobi futhi yaya ephathekayo yobuntatheli. Ubaba ngokwakhe ubhala ngasese "ideski", iNdodana yasekelwa. Kepha umama wacabanga ukuthi lo msebenzi awunacala. Ngemuva kokuphothula eyunivesithi ngo-1977, le nsizwa ayisebenzanga njengomsebenzi futhi yanquma ukuthatha inoveli yokuqala.
Izincwadi
Inoveli yokwakha kabusha "Jevdd-Bay namadodana akhe" baphuma ngo-1982 futhi bamakwa ngokushesha ngemiklomelo emibi. Le ncwadi i-saga yomndeni futhi ikhuluma ngezizukulwane ezintathu zomndeni, okuthola ukuguqulwa kwamanani amasha. Ngemuva kokufunda umbhalo wendodana yokuqala yendodana, uBaba Orthan wabikezela ukuthi uzowuthola umklomelo kaNobel.Incwadi elandelayo "House of Belence" yaphuma ngemuva konyaka, yaphinde yaqala umlando "kababa nezingane", ixubene nokushayisana kokubukwa namasiko, inambithelwe yi-nostalgia. Lo msebenzi wadluliselwa ezilimini eziningi zaseYurophu, futhi mayelana nombhali wakhuluma njengenkosi yeZwi.
"Incwadi Emnyama", eyanyatheliswa ngo-1990, yaba ngumcimbi wokubhala. Iveli elingokomlando - ukusesha kwavikelwa ngonyaka kamuva, uMqondisi Odumile waseTurkey u-Emer Cavir. Abagxeki baphawula ubuntu bokudala bomlobi, ukuba nezimpande ezijulile zezwe kanye nesiqalo se-Oriental nesentshonalanga.
I-stylistic plastic kanye nekhono lokucabanga ngezindiza ezimbili zengqondo livumela i-Novelist ukuthi ihambe phakathi kwamazwe aseYurophu nase-Asia, ukugwema ukungezwani futhi kushiye izinga lengxoxo yangempela yamasiko.
Eminyakeni eyalandela, "igama lami libomvu", "iqhwa" no "Istanbul. Idolobha lezinkumbulo. " Enoveli yokugcina, izinhloso ze-biography yabo uqobo, exhunywe ngokungalingani nenhliziyo ebizayo, lapho wonke amatshe egcwele umlando weminyaka eyinyumba, ngokusobala alandelwa. Ngo-2005, u-Orthan Pamuk wanikezwa umklomelo kaNobel ezincwadini njengomlobi, "ozofuna umphefumulo we-melanchoc yedolobha lakhe lendabuko uthole izimpawu ezintsha zokushayisana nokuhlangana kwamasiko."
Kusukela lapho, umbhali waseTurkey wamukelwa njenge-classic ephilayo, futhi i-bibliography iphinde yagcwala izincwadi "Imyuziyamu yokumsulwa" kanye "nemicabango yami eyinqaba".
Impilo yomuntu siqu
U-Orhan ushade ngo-1982 ngo-Isyli. Unkosikazi wombhali wahlanganyela ezifundweni zomlando kwathi ngo-1985 wathola umfundaze waseMelika. Ngalesi sizathu, umndeni wathuthela eNew York, lapho uPamuk efundise iTurkey e-Columbia University iminyaka emi-3. Azikho izingane cishe ezineminyaka eyi-10, kodwa ngo-1991, kwazalwa indodakazi kaRyuya. Igama lentombazane elilindelwe isikhathi eside lihunyushwa ngokuthi "iphupho."
Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoNgo-2001, ukwaqhekeka kwenzeka empilweni yomuntu siqu sokresi: wehlukanisa umkakhe. Kuleyo minyaka, kwathiwa yiNoveli yenoveli nomuntu osebenza naye wase-India Kiran Desai. Kodwa-ke, ubudlelwano obude obuhlala isikhathi eside buhlotshaniswa nomlobi nomunye umuntu wesifazane - u-Aslah Akyavash, lapho u-Orhan ahlala khona umshado wombango kusukela ngo-2010.
Ngo-2005, ama prosais anikeze izingxoxo nephephandaba laseSwitzerland, lapho asho khona ngokuqothulwa kohlanga lwase-Armenia eTurkey. Isitatimende somlobi saholela esivunguvungwini sentukuthelo kanye nezimangalo zokwahlulela ezweni lakubo, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho wanquma ukuhamba eMelika ekuthukeni okuphoqelelwe, wesaba impilo yakhe. Manje umuntu uhlala emazweni amabili: uchitha ingxenye yesikhathi eNew York, kanye nabanye - e-Istanbul. U-Orhan usathola ukumangalelwa 'kokutholwa kwesithombe seTurkey "kusuka kuma-ParTathriots, kanye nezingcaphuno ezivela kuleso sihloko uPamuchi ukukhumbula namuhla.
Orhan Pamuk manje
Inoveli yokugcina yombhali "umfazi obomvu" enyatheliswa ngo-2016. Le ncwadi ilandisa ngothando lwe-lyyieng encane kumlingisi ongaqondakali wemidlalo yaseshashalazini elahlekile. Umcimbi owenzeka ebusheni waba nethonya elibi kuye isiphetho sakhe sonke. Isakhiwo se-multilayer siveza iqhawe ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene zokuphila: Okokuqala, umfundi uyambona ensizwa engenalwazi, khona-ke - indoda enamandla futhi isekupheleni - umsoco wakudala. E-Russian, le ncwadi yaqala ukukhishwa endlini yokushicilela "Kwangaphandle".Shumeka kusuka ezithombeni ezifuywayoManje abalandeli balindele kumlobi wemisebenzi emisha. Engxoxweni nephephandaba le- "Millets", iPamuk lathi manje selukhathaza nge-Novenocty Nights ", isenzo sawo senzeka ngo-1900. I-NOBEL Laureate yavuma ukuthi ubecabanga ngalo msebenzi weminyaka ecishe ibe ngu-35. Usabhala izincwadi ezandleni ngaphandle kokuguqukela ekusizeni ikhompyutha.
Indoda ayithembisi ngokubhala kuphela. Kuyaziwa phakathi kokuzilibazisa kwakhe - ukupenda nezithombe. Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 2019, umbukiso wezithombe we-Orthans Pamuku wabanjelwa e-Istanbul, lapho awethula khona isibhamu sika-600 somuzi othandekayo owenziwe kusukela kuvulandi efulethini lakhe iminyaka eminingana. Uchungechunge lwezithombe ngokulandelana kwezikhathi zengengeza ukufana kwe-Photorema, lapho kuthokoza khona indaba ethokozisayo.
Amacaphuna
"Ngifuna uNkulunkulu, phambi kwayo engingadingi ukwenza izicathulo, ungagugi futhi waqabule isandla somuntu. UZimu ozoqonda isizungu sami. "" Angibonanga injabulo engeyona ngoba ngifuna ukusindisa, kodwa ngoba ngesaba ukulahlekelwa ngumuntu. "Uthando luyenzile njalo. Abantu benza abantu abayiziphukuphuku, noma iziwula kuphela zithandana? "I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1979 - "Jevad-Bay kanye namadodana akhe"
- 1983 - "Indlu Yokuthula"
- 1985 - "Inqaba Emhlophe"
- Ngo-1990 - "Incwadi Emnyama"
- 1994 - "Impilo Entsha"
- 1998 - "Igama lami libomvu"
- 1999 - "Iminye imibala"
- 2002 - "Iqhwa"
- 2003 - "Istanbul. Idolobha Lezinkumbulo »
- Ngo-2008 - "Imnyuziyamu Omsulwa"
- 2014 - "Imicabango Yami Engajwayelekile"
- Ngo-2016 - "Owesifazane Obhaliwe"