I-Biograge
Uzalelwe edolobheni elincane lesiNgisi ngekhulu le-19 leminyaka, uMary Evans waba yingxenye yomlando wezincwadi, ngobuntatheli kanye nobuntatheli. Futhi izindaba zalo ezingokoqobo zezincwadi zihlala zifanele futhi emakhulwini amabili eminyaka kamuva.Ubuntwana nentsha
UGeorge Eliot - i-pseudonym yombhali. Igama langempela nguMary Ann evans. Le ntombazane yazalelwa kumphathi womndeni wezakhiwo zikaRobert kanye nendodakazi yomnikazi wefektri yobuKristu ngoNovemba 22, 1819. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane, umndeni omkhulu wasuka eNaniton waya eNaniton eya engxenyeni ethile yeCoventry, etholakala eWest Midlente eNgilandi.
UMariya omncane wayengenangqondo eqinile iminyaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukubukeka kwayo akuhlangabezani nezindinganiso zobuhle besikhathi, futhi uYise, enquma ukuthi kuzoba nzima ukumshada, otshaliwe kwezemfundo.
E-16, intombazane yathola iziqu esikoleni senkolo kaMiss Franklin. Ngemuva kokufunda noma kuphi, kepha kuningi kakhulu kwabandakanyeka ekuzifukulela. Ngenxa kababa wakhe, u-Evans waya emtapweni wezincwadi e-Arbury Hall, lapho achitha khona sonke isikhathi sakhe samahhala. Ngo-1836, umama kaMariya washona, futhi le ntombazane yanakekela izinkathazo zasendlini. Ngemuva kweminyaka engu-5, kanye nobaba bathuthela eFuschill, beshiya ikhaya loMfowethu umdala. Lapha wahlangana noCharles Broad kanye nezinye izazi zefilosofi ezinamandla, izincwadi zakhe futhi ezisebenza ngokuphoqa umbhali wesikhathi esizayo ukuba ashintshe isimo senkolo.
Izincwadi
Imibhalo yokuqala yemibhalo ka-Eliot yayidlulayo esiNgisini ngo-1846. Ngo-1849, othanda uFanzi kayise, waya eSwitzerland, lapho ayehlala khona ekufundeni nasekuhambeni. ENgilandi, u-Evans wabuya ngenhloso eqinile yokuba ngumlobi ochwepheshe.
Umbuyise futhi uMariya noJohn Chepmann, owanyathelisa izinguqulo zakhe. UJohn wayixazulula ekhaya, futhi kamuva wanikela ngomsebenzi wesihleli ekubuyekezweni kwakhe eWestminster. U-Evans futhi uhole ikholamu ekushicilelweni, ukushicilela ama-Essays aguqukayo kanye nokubuyekezwa.
Ngo-1856, owesifazane wanquma ukuqala amanoveli. Ukugwema isimo sengqondo sokucwaninga ngezincwadi zabo, uMariya wathatha i-alias George ELIOT - ngaleso sikhathi kwakukholelwa ukuthi umbhali wowesifazane ubhala amanoveli ngezindawo zothando olubi. Ngonyaka kamuva kwakukhona izindaba ezintathu ezihlangene ngesihloko esithi "izigcawu ezivela empilweni yesonto". Lezi kwakuyizindaba zokuqala zobuciko uGeorge Eliota.
"Ibhidi le-Adam" - Inoveli eyaholela empumelelweni yombhali. Le ncwadi yavusa isithakazelo sangempela phakathi kwabafundi, futhi u-Elioll wawela emigqeni yokuqala yabafundi baseNgilandi abahamba phambili. Kwathi ngo-1992, umqondisi uGiles wasusa ifilimu yegama elifanayo. Ku-Novel "Mille ku-Floss" ka-1860, umlingiswa oyinhloko ufana noMlobi ebusheni bakhe, futhi ukuthengisa uMaryner kungabizwa ngokuthi umkhiqizo we-autobiography.
Ingqondo eyinhloko ka-Evans ingabizwa nge-middlmarch, lapho iveza isihloko sobuthakathaka bomuntu abanqoba ubuthakathaka nomusa. Inoveli yokugcina "UDaniel Deronda" waphuma ngo-1876, futhi ukukhululwa kwawo kwefilimu - ngo-2002. Izinkondlo nezinkondlo ezivela e-ELITIT BIBLIOFOOgraphy zazingatholakali cishe.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Impilo yomuntu siqu yamaBrithani yagcwala ukulahlwa nokungaqondi emphakathini. Ngefilosofi uGeorge Henry Lewis, bahlangana ngo-1851 kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka engu-3 baqala ukuhlala ndawonye. Lewis wayeshade futhi wakhulisa izingane eziyisikhombisa, kepha akazange azifihle ubuhlobo bakhe nomlobi.Umshado wakhe wabhekwa njengokhululekile, lapho abashadikazi bengavulela khona amanoveli ohlangothini. Uhambo oluhlangene oluya eJalimane lwaba yi-honeymoon eyalungiselela uLewis no-Evans, lapho kubuyelwa uMariya kwaqala ukubiza uGeorge umyeni wakhe futhi wasayina igama lakhe lokugcina.
Ngo-1876, lo mbhangqwana wathuthela eThe County of Surrey, kwathi ngemuva kweminyaka emi-2 uLewis washona. Ngemuva kokushona komfelokazi wazinikele kubahleli bemibhalo yesandla kaGeorge. Ngemuva kwesikhashana, u-Evans wajwayelana noJohn Cross, owayeyi-Henger ukwedlula iminyaka engama-20. Ngaphandle kwalokhu, ngo-1880 umshado wabo wenzeka, futhi kwenzeka i-honeymoon eVenice.
Ukushona
I-Evans isikhathi eside saphelelwa yisifo sezinso, futhi lapho efika eNgilandi kusuka ohambweni lomshado, washaya ukutheleleka ngokuphefumula. Lokhu bekuyimbangela yokufa ngemuva kwengxabano ende. NgoDisemba 22, 1880, uMary Ann Evans akazange.
Wangcwatshwa emathuneni abezongokwabaphikisana nezenkolo eduze noGeorge Lewis, uthando lwempilo yakhe. Ngokuhlonipha odumile lesiNgisi, isikole kanye nesibhedlela sedolobha lakubo kuthiwa. Izilinganiso ezivela ezincwadini zakhe zithandwa futhi zihambelana nalolu suku.
Amacaphuna
- "Ngokumangazayo, owesifazane kwesinye isikhathi odlala empilweni yethu: ukumnikela - cishe i-Herouic feat, ukunqoba - ubuciko obukhulu"
- "Ukupha kuyinto yokunethezeka, etholakala kuphela kulabo abampofu."
- "Ngakho-ke, umculo uphinde uzwakale, usibalekele sonke sonke futhi uhlala injabulo nxazonke ukuthi sikuleli cala kulabo, lo mculo, abazwayo, kungathi muhle?"
I-Bibliography
- Ngo-1859 - "Ibhidi le-Adam"
- Ngo-1860 - "Mill ku-Floss"
- Ngo-1861 - "Izentengiso Marner"
- Ngo-1863 - "Romola"
- Ngo-1866 - UFeliksi Holt, Radical
- Ngo-1872 - Middlmarch
- Ngo-1876 - "UDaniel DeRonda"