Umlando Wemilingiswa
AmaJalimane Romantism - ukuqondiswa kwezincwadi zekhulu le-18, abasunguli kanye nabangane bakhe abadalwa yimisebenzi yobuhlakani. Namuhla, imibhalo kaHoffman, uShamisso, uGölderlin, Heine, Novesa, abazalwane bakwaSklelel basetshenziswa njengemithombo ebhaliwe yokwenziwa, ifilimu, amakhathuni kanye nokuphelela. U-Ernest Theodore Amadeus Hoffman, uMdali we- "Nutcracker", wanikeza umhlaba intokwane, inzalo lapho ingenayo.I-Nutcracker ezincwadini
UJohann Himan, ongumhlali wedolobha laseJalimane laseZaizer, ancike empilweni yokwenziwa kwamathoyizi okhuni. Ngo-1699, wadala isosha elithile elibize iZubastik. Lapho eselilayishe ibhala lamasondo ebhukwana, i-Master yahamba ngezinyawo ezingamakhilomitha ayikhulu, yafika eLeipzig.
Ukunqoba imizila yezintaba nemigwaqo engafanele yasemakhaya, wazuza kuwo wonke amabhili kanye nendalo edolobheni elikhulu. I-Zubastik yeza kubathengi eshawini. Kusukela lapho, ama-Wood Carving Masters aqala ukwenza onodoli onjalo bokhuni. EMelika, iZubastik yangena ngekhulu lama-20, lapho amasosha ase-US Army athuthela ezinganeni zawo phezu kolwandle.
U-Ernest Theodore Amadeus Hofman uphefumulele indlela isosha futhi wabhala ngayo inganekwane, eyayingumphathi wayo oyi-nutcracker. Umsebenzi onesihloko esithi "Nutcracker ne-Mouse King" kushicilelwe ngo-1816 ekuqoqweni kwezinganekwane zezingane. Ukusebenza ezithombeni zezingane, iGomfan yaphefumulelwa yizingane zomngane ogama lakhe linguMarie noFritz. Ngakho-ke, igama labalingiswa abaphambili.
I-Marichen Stalbaum itholwe ngoKhisimusi njengesipho esivela kuNkulunkulu ovela kuNkulunkulu ongejwayelekile amasongo amantongomane. Babebukeka njengesosha. Ukumangala kwamangazwa yi-strottleman kwavezwa ngemfihlo. Ukubonakala kwe-nutcracker embi kufihle isikhulu. Yayigcwele igundane lendlovukazi elibi.
Intombazane, ngokunyathelwa nokunakekela ithoyizi, yakufihla kusuka kulamazi, kwabonisa isibindi, isibindi nokuzimisela. I-Nutcracker engenasibindi futhi enesibindi yehlula bonke ubunzima, yanqoba i-villain yenkosi yegundane, eyayinamagoli ayisikhombisa, futhi, yaphenduka isikhulu, yathatha uMarie kumkakhe.
Ingqikithi esemqoka yomsebenzi yayiwukunqoba okuhle nokuthanda okubi. Inganekwane nayo ifundisa ukubukeka - hhayi into esemqoka. I-nutcracker yayinomhlathi omkhulu omubi, kepha intombazane yathandana naye. Ukwakheka kukaHoffman kufundisa isibindi nokuzethemba, ukugcizelela ukuthi lezi yizimpawu ezibalulekile ezisiza ukunqoba zonke izithiyo nezingqinamba, ukunqoba noma yiziphi izitha.
-Vikayo
Isosha elincane elinesibindi elinethotho le-saber selibe ngumlingiswa wekhathuni lezingane neKinocortin. Isithombe saso sasivame ukusetshenziswa ochungechungeni lwezithombe. I-Nutcracker yango-1973 yaba yiprojekthi ekhumbulekayo kakhulu yezithameli zeSoviet. Ikhathuni enomusa lapho isosha lamathoyizi lithola inkosi yegundane, isakazwa iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-45.
Ngo-1988, isithombe sesosha sasebenzisa abalobi bephrojekthi "amabhere acatshangelwe: I-Nutcracker". Iphrojekthi yaphansi ye-Shawa, ekhishwe ngo-1990 ngenxa yezithameli zezingane, yayisondele kakhulu esenzweni esichazwe kwinganekwane. Ikhathuni ye-animation "Prince Nutcracker" yakhunjulwa yizingane.
Ngo-1995, kwakhishwa iphrojekthi yaseJapan-America ngomlando we-Nutcracker. Ngo-1997, i-Premiere yomculo omfushane ngesitayela sokumangala okuvela kumqondisi uChristine Edzard. Ngo-2001, uDavid Stern noDan Goggin bathule umculo wamahlaya ngokuya ngenganekwane yaseJalimane. Ngawo lowo nyaka, u-Owen Herley wavumelanisa nenganekwane engaphansi kwamaqiniso wanamuhla, ekhulula ikhathuni "barbie ne-nutcracker". Ngo-2004, abakhiqizi baseJalimane bakhipha inguqulo yezithombe zenganekwane.
Ngo-2007, i-Nutcracker kushiwo kolunye lochungechunge lwephrojekthi ye-animation "Tom kanye noJerry". Esesisusweni senkosana enesihlokwana, igundane elingenakuphumula likaJerry lenziwa. Ngo-2014, ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zaseMelika ngenganekwane "I-Nutcracker kanye ne-rat korol 3D" kwethulwa. Ifilimu ngokubamba iqhaza kwabaculi bakwamanye amazwe bathatha u-Andrei Konchalovsky.
I-Lasse Hallstrom ngonyaka we-2018 ikhiphe iphrojekthi ebizwa nge- "Nutcracker kanye nemibuso emine", ifakwe kuhluthwe ku-The Fabulous indaba.
Amaqiniso athakazelisayo
- Ukusuka emisebenzini yeHoffmann, i- "Nutcracker ne-Mouse King", "Kroashz Tnsahs", "Kroashz Tnsahs", "Princess Brambill" futhi abanye babenaka ukunakwa okukhethekile kwabakhiqizi. Ama-Italian, amaFulentshi, abalobi baseRussia nama-playwrights abolekwe emisebenzini yama-roman romalics motifs ngenxa yezibonakaliso zawo.
- UGofman wayeyithanda yemidlalo yaseshashalazini, futhi ukunakwa kwakhe kwakhangwa onodoli kanye nemidlwane. Kuliqiniso, kude neBarbie yanamuhla, kepha izinto ezinhle kakhulu ngeke zibe ne-biography enhle kangaka, okuyinto etholwayo ye-nutcracker. Uthando luka-Gofman emdlwaneni lwalungekho ngenxa yokuthi uyakholelwa: Abantu - amathoyizi ezandleni zokudonsa ngentambo. Umlobi ngokwakhe wayethembele edwaleni futhi waphathisa ukuphela kwakhe ngamandla amakhulu.
- Isakhiwo sezinganekwane ze-gofman zilala ngesisekelo se-ballet, umculo lapho uPeter Ilsich Tchaikovsky wabhala khona. "I-Nutcracker" ikhanyisiwe umqambi osendaweni ye-ballet. UMarius Peltipa wadala i-choreography ku-spectral. Ukuhlelwa kwezinganekwane u-Alexander Duma, kubhalwe ngo-1844, kwasebenza njenge-Libretto. Ngenxa ye-ballet, umkhiqizo we-goFman uthole impilo endaweni yaseshashalazini futhi wabhalwa emakhulwini eminyaka. Namuhla i-ballet "Nutcracker" ingabonakala ezinkundleni zemidlalo ephambili yaseMoscow naseSt.