I-Biograge
UVasily Pereov uyinto engokoqobo yaseRussia, ingxenye yesi-2 yekhulu le-19. Isibongo sangempela somdwebi safihlwa ngokucophelela, njengoba kwenzeka ngendodana ethosiwe. Lokhu kwakuyisizinda sobusha bakhe, njengoba iPerov bengakwazi ukufanelekela ukuba namafa, isihloko sikababa namathayi ahlobene.
Izazi-mlando zobuciko zibiza umbhali "umculi we-art", ngoba iningi lemisebenzi yakhe libonisa ubunzima bendlu yempilo yabantu abajwayelekile, abalimi, abalahlekelwe abathandekayo babo. Umculi uthole ukubizwa kohlobo lomdwebo wendlu ongokomlando kanye nohlobo lokudweba. Namuhla, iningi lemisebenzi yomlobi liyaboniswa egalari ye-Tretakov eMoscow.
Ubuntwana nentsha
UVasily Persov wazalelwa eTobolsk ngoDisemba 21, 1833 (Januwari 2, 1834). Ngaphandle kwendodana engumshushisi yomshushisi, uBaron Georgy Crinder, wakubi naku-biography yomuntu ongenamandla ezihlotsheni.
Abazali bakwaVasily bamenyezelwa ngemuva kwesikhashana, kodwa waqhubeka wabhekwa njengemthethweni, ngakho akazange athole isibongo. Ekuqaleni, emafundweni omfana, walotshwa njengoVasilyev ngenxa ye-erown, futhi igama likaPerov lavela ngesandla sokukhanya seDeca, owafundisa umtapo wezincwadi wokuhlanza futhi wabona impumelelo yomfundi.
Isimo esinomsuka womfana sasibonakala sibuhlungu kakhulu ukuthi uhlobo lobaba wakhe lwandiswa ngabantu abadumile futhi lwasendulo. Amadlozi bababikezeli abasebenza njengama-diplomats futhi avumelana nezintshisakalo zoMbuso WaseRussia phesheya.
Umndeni uvame ukuqhubeka ngenxa yomsebenzi kaYise. Indoda ekhanyiselwe, i-crinner ebeka engcupheni, imvamisa iphikisana neziphathimandla, ngaphandle kwalokho, yayidume ngolimi oluqine. Ngezinkondlo ze-Saterical, uTarn wasuswa enkonzweni futhi wayefuna isikhundla esisha. Ukumphoqa ukuthi avakashele iSt. Petersburg, Samara, ama-ARzamas, agibele izihlobo. Injabulo yaphenduka isimemo sokuba ngumphathi efeni e-Arzamas. Ngo-1843, iPelov waba ngumfundi wesikole sasekhaya.
Ukubona ukuthambekela kweNdodana yakhe, uyise wamhlela esikoleni sobuciko be-Alexander stupin. UVasily wayeneminyaka engu-13 ubudala. Amakilasi ame emva kokuba le nsizwa idangele ukuba ihlanganyele nabangane abasha egameni le-nto ejwayelekile. Ngokushesha uBaba walahleka indawo, futhi umndeni wathutha futhi. Ekugcineni ebuyela e-Arzamas, abazali banquma futhi ukuvumela ukupenda kukaVasily. Lesi sikhathi sisho ukwakhiwa kwemidwebo yokuqala yama-novice Peand: "Isinxibi, Ukubuza Izipho", "Ukuhamba Kwabantu Kuya Ku-Semit", "Trustic Troika".
Ngo-1853, ngokuthola imfundo ephakeme, iPelov yaya esikoleni samaMoscow wokupenda, ama-draines kanye nokwakhiwa kwazo. Naphezu kwendawo ethakazelisa kakhulu ebusweni buka-Ivan Shishkin, u-Apollo Mokritsky, uMikhail Scotti nabanye, le nsizwa yayidangele. Le nsizwa kwakungayihlala kuyo, futhi kwakungekho mali eyanele ngisho nangezidingo zakudala. Umfundi wayenenhlanhla: Wavikeleka nguthisha uYegor Vasiliev, owafunda ukuthi lowo muntu uzoyeka amakilasi ngenxa yobunzima bezezimali.
Ngo-1856 waletha impumelelo yokuqala iPerov, okusho ukuthi imisebenzi yakhe yayingelona ize. Umculi wawina indondo encane yesiliva ye-Academy of ACRIST yokutadisha ikhanda lomfana. Ngonyaka olandelayo, waba ngumnikazi wendondo enkulu yesiliva yesithombe sokufika kokugcinwa kabusha. Kwacaca ukuthi umdwebi ukhetha uhlobo lwasekhaya ukuze afezeke ubuhlakani, unesifiso sezimo zokuphila komuntu kanye nokwakhiwa kwemvelo ngaphansi kwethonya lemvelo.
Ukupenda
Isikole sokupenda saqedwa ePherev ngo-1861. Ibhange le-piggy lomculi laphenduka indondo yegolide yebanga lokuqala lomsebenzi we "ntshumayelo edolobhaneni". Lapho uchaza uzungu lwendlu kanye nokusikwa okuqondile kwezenhlalo, ngonyaka ofanayo, iPerov yadala isithombe esifana nesitayela nesihloko, "isiphambano sasephanzini kuya e-Easter".
Yomibili le misebenzi ichaze iqiniso laseRussia, ukungazi nokuziphatha okubi kubusa engxenyeni ephansi yabantu. Abagxeki baxoxa ngomsebenzi weNkosi, isibindi, ikhono lakhe. Izingxoxo ezizungeze imisebenzi zaholela ekutheni lesi sithombe senqatshelwe ukukhombisa eRussia. Kepha wathola uPavel Tretakov ngaphansi kokwesaba ukungamukeleki kwe-Synod nokubhekisela kuMlobi wendalo.
Naphezu kwezingxabano ezungeze ubuqambi, uPelov wabhala isithombe se- "Teabepius eMytishchi". Kuye, umpristi ovila usetafuleni futhi aphuza itiye, futhi kukhona iziphanzi ezilambile, eziyinceku ethembekile engangivumeli kimi eMnu.
Ngo-1862 waletha i-Perov Scholarship kanye nokuqukethwe, kwakhalazela i-Imperial Academy of ACOSTS, ngakho-ke, wayekwazi ukuya kwelinye izwe. Ukuba khona emadolobheni aseYurophu, umdwebi wenza imidwebo yomakhelwane abampofu, idonsele ukunakekela umsebenzi wabafana kanye nempilo yabampofu. Lezi zindaba zaqashelwa nguye, zakha isisekelo semidwebo 'yomculi oyimpumputhe', "Paris Sharman" nabanye.
Ihlukaniswe endlini kaPherovie, kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kwe-internship, yabuza uMkhandlu Wezobuciko mayelana nokubuyela ezweni lakubo. Lo mculi washukumisela isifiso sakhe sokuntuleka kogqozi nokwaneliseka emisebenzini eyakhiwe kwelinye izwe.
Ezweni lakubo, waqhubeka esebenza ngokuqondisa kwangempela, ezibuza umongo wezenhlalo. Ngawo-1860s, izingane zasemadolobheni ezisebenzela izikhulu ezisezingeni eliphakeme, zivele abalimi kumlobi. Ngo-1869, iPelov yaba yilungu le-mug 'yokunyakaza'. Ubambiswano lwe-Mobile Art Exhibiys waqala wathola ukwakheka ngo-1871. Kuyo, ngaphezu kwezithombe zabadobi "zabadobi", "abazingeli bePrivation", iPelov yethule imidwebo eminingana.
UVasily Feov wazame waba nguthisha, wafundisa eMoscow School of Painting, esibazi kanye nokwakhiwa kwazo, futhi wenza izinyathelo zokuqala enkombeni yokwephepha. Izindaba zakhe zazinendaba ngokuhlangenwe nakho kobuciko be-Master. Ukusuka ngaphansi kwepeni lomculi, avele u-Aunt Mariya, "emvelweni (fanny ngaphansi kukaNombolo 30)."
Ukuqhamuka kwezihloko zenhlalo, iPerov yathatha imidwebo yempilo yaseRussia nemidwebo. Abalobi baka-Alexander ostrovsky bavele ezimisweni zakhe, e-Ivan Turgenev, amabhulashi ombhali angewona "imidwebo kaF. M. M. M. DOSTOVSKY". Lesi sakamuva sibizwa njengesibonelo esicacile sesikole sesithombe saseRussia.
UVasily Persov ugxile ngenzalo ngomdwebo womlando futhi uzobhala ama-canvases ama-3 anikezelwe ekuvukeleni kwe-Emelyan Pugachev. Ukukhanya kubona isithombe esithi "Inkantolo Pugacheva". Iziza ezisele zigcinwa kuphela ngohlobo lwe-Sketches. Ngo-1881 umbhali waqeda umsebenzi wokugcina "nikita udakiwe. Impikiswano ngokholo. "
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Hhayi kuphela indaba ehlotshaniswa nemvelaphi, uVasily Perov. Ugqozi futhi ngasikhathi sinye ukudabuka okunzima kwamlethela izinhlekelele ezihambisana nempilo yomuntu siqu.
Ngo-1862, umdwebi washada nomshana kaSolwazi Elena. Umkakhe washona ngokuzumayo, eshiya izingane ezintathu zibanakekela. Ngokushesha kwabulala ababili ababili. Kusinda kuphela i-Vladimir, indodana encane kunazo zonke, njengoYise, ozinikele ekupendweni.
Ngo-1867, uVasily washada futhi, kodwa umshado omusha awukwazanga ukumphilisa. Imemori yokulahleka okubabayo futhi yaphinde yamyisa emsebenzini emisebenzini emisha. Kubo, uPelov wayefuna ukuvulwa.
Ukushona
Iqiniso elithandekayo: UVasily Perov wayengeyena umdwebi onethalente. Ukhule futhi wakhuphuka njengothisha wabaculi abaningana abashiya umnikelo obalulekile esikweni lamaSulumane: uNikolai Kasatkin, uSergey Korovin, noReri Ryabushkin nabanye.
Umdwebi wabelwa ijwabu leso elifushane. Washona ngo-1882, eminyakeni engama-48. Imbangela yokufa yaba yi-char. Uthole indawo yokugcina esibhedlela eduzane naseMoscow edolobhaneni laseKuzminki. I-Vasily Pereova's Line Lisendaweni Emathuneni leDon Monastery. Uhlobisa isikhumbuzo esenziwe ngu-Alexei Yeletsky.
Imidwebo
- Ngo-1857 - "Ukufika kwesisekelo"
- Ngo-1861 - "ntshumayelo edolobhaneni"
- Ngo-1861 - "Umhlangano wasemakhaya we-Ista"
- Ngo-1864 - "Umthengisi we Songnikov"
- Ngo-1865 - "Imikhosi Yabafi"
- Ngo-1866 - "Troika"
- Ngo-1867 - "Drill"
- Ngo-1868 - "Scere kujantshi"
- Ngo-1870 - "I-Self-Portrait"
- Ngo-1871 - "Umdobi"
- Ngo-1875 - "Inkantolo yasePugacheva"
- 1881 - "UNikita udakiwe. Ingxabano Ngokholo "