I-Biograge
Igama le-Ditmar Rosental laziwa hhayi ngochwepheshe emkhakheni wezilimi. Imisebenzi yohlelo lolimi lwaseRussia wolimi lwaseRussia yabeka isisekelo sezincwadi zokufunda nezincwadi, ezingakhuli ngesizukulwane esisodwa sezingane zesikole saseRussia kanye nabafundi. Amabhukwana alimi anikeza isisekelo esiqinile, ngenxa yokuthi abafakizicelo manje abalungele ukwamukelwa emanyuvesi, bamunca imithetho echazwe ngokulula, amagama aphinyiselwe amagama kanye ne-stylistics.Ubuntwana nentsha
Ditmar elyashevich rosenthal. Ngaleli gama, kube sengathi akukho lutho ria, nokho, le ndoda yobuzwe bamaJuda, izalwe ePoland ngo-1900, yaba inkanyezi eqondisayo kubantu abaningi abafuna ukwazi ubuhle nemithetho yeRussia. Lokhu kuyinto exakile ngokwengeziwe ukuthi ulimi lukaPushkin lwalungemiswanga lomfundisi: Emndenini, uRosenthal wakhulunywa ngesiJalimane nasePoland.
Abazali baka-Elyshiv no-Ida baletha izingane ezimbili (uDitmar wayenomfowethu omkhulu ka-Oscar) futhi wakwazi ukuhlala eLodz naseBerlin ngaphambi kokuhamba ngo-1916 eMoscow. Lapha, ilimi yesikhathi esizayo ethweswe izilimi esikoleni futhi yangena eyunivesithi, ikhetha isiNtaliyane njengobungcweti. IRosental ingabizwa ngokuthi i-polyglot, ngoba e-Arsenal yakhe kwakukhona izilimi eziyi-12.
Umhlahlandlela we-MSU watholwa ngo-1923, wabe eseya esikoleni sokuphothula iziqu zenhlangano yaseRussia yezikhungo zocwaningo zesayensi yomphakathi.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, uDitmar 'wayenekhono elifanelekile', ngakho-ke, imithetho yohlelo lolimi yayilula kuye. Kodwa-ke, naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izilimi zaziwukubiza okucacile kwensizwa, yathola enye imfundo ephakeme yokumiswa, ukuthweswa iziqu kwi-Faculty of Economics. Kule ndawo, uyise nomfowabo babengoti abavelele.
Isayensi yezilimi
Isipiliyoni sokuqala sokufundisa sikaDitmar Elyashevich sitholakele, sisebenza esikoleni, kodwa ngokushesha wathuthela esifundweni saseRabafikov. Ngokufana, le ndoda yahlanganyela kwisayensi, ekuqaleni ochwepheshe e-Italiyane nokwenza izinguqulo zakudala. URosental wabhala ngisho nokufundisa amanyuvesi e-Grammar of Italian, lapho eminyakeni engama-20 kamuva yathola iziqu zokubalelwa.I-dissertation, usosayensi akazange avikele kukho konke Angamvimbanga ekufundiseni iPoland Polish eyunivesithi yaseMoscow, bese eshintshela kuhlelo lolimi kanye ne-stylistry yawo ngo-1930 indawo.
Ngo-1936, uLingust wangena ebhodini lokuhlela likamagazini wolimi lwaseRussia esikoleni, lapho asebenza khona iminyaka engama-25. Ngokufana, uRosenthal wasebenza e-Russian Fige Institute of the USSR Academy of the USSR Academy of Science, e-Pulturty ye-Moviest of Moscow State University kanye nesikhungo sokuphrinta.
Njengoba inesiphathimandla sesayensi esingenakuphikwa, uDitmar Elyashevich wabhala ngaphezu kwezincwadi eziyikhulu kuhlelo lolimi kanye ne-stylist yolimi lwesiRussia, futhi izihloko zakhe zaba yingxenye yamaqoqo ayisisekelo. Isihloko soprofesa sanikezwa usosayensi ngo-1962, futhi eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-30 emva kwalokho, waqhubeka nokuhlola, abhale futhi afundise.
Impilo yomuntu siqu
Usosayensi nomndeni wawuhlala eMfuleni iMosco, endlini, amawindi abheke esiteshini seKiev. Indoda ethobekile, cishe akazange akhulume ngamaqiniso e-biography yakhe kanye nempilo yakhe, futhi izingxoxo ezingandile ezivinjelwe zanikezwa zona ngaphambi nje kokufa.
Ngalesi sikhathi, kwakungekho nkosikazi esele, iNdodana yaphila ngokwehlukana, futhi umzukulu washukumisela ukuba aphile eSweden. Umsebenzi wawuthola indawo esemqoka empilweni yakhe, kuze kube izinsuku zokugcina akazange alahlekelwe yingqondo ecacile nesifiso sokusiza icala lokukhanyiselwa.
Ukushona
I-Ditmar ephansi ephansi, ephansi, i-subtitle elyashevich yaphila impilo ende ethelayo, isifiso esisele kwisizathu esikhethiwe ngasekupheleni kosuku. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, usosayensi usebuthakathaka futhi kube nzima ukuzungeza efulethini, kodwa akazange ashiye ipensela namapheshana. Waqhubeka nokubuyisa kabusha i-bibliography yakhe, evusa umngcele oneminyaka engama-90.ILinguist ifile ngonyaka wama-94, lapho, lapho izimbangela zokufa zazingenjalo ngokwesiko ukusho, ngoba isikhathi esingenakufinyeleleka sithatha eyakhe. Ngangcwaba uprofesa eduze komfowethu nabazali emathuneni avelele eMoscow. Etsheni elinesizotha, kuphela igama neminyaka yokuphila ekhonjisiwe, azikho izithombe zososayensi noma amagama ngokufaneleka kwakhe. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvimbi izinkulungwane zabantu ukuba zigcine inkumbulo ebongayo mayelana nokuthengisa.
I-Bibliography
- 1960 - "Ukudidiyelwa kwencazelo" kuya esihlokweni esiya kule ndaba "
- Ngo-1965 - "Izitayela Ezisebenzayo Zolimi lwesiRussia"
- 1975 - "Umngane othembekile wothisha - Umbhali"
- 1977 - "Izitayela Ezisebenzayo Zolimi LaseRussia"
- 1981 - "Dictionary-Directory. Okwezisebenzi eziphrintiwe »
- Ngo-1984 - "Isiqondisi Sokubhala: Abasebenzi abaphrintiwe"
- 1984 - "Ukubhalisa noma okuncane? Isipiliyoni se-Dictionary -Izinkombandlela "
- Ngo-1984 - "Isichazamazwi sobunzima bolimi lwaseRussia"
- Ngo-1989 - "Ukuqoqwa kokuzivocavoca ngolimi lwesiRussia ngeminyango yokulungiselela amanyuvesi"
- 1994 - "IsiRussia: Imvume yabafakizicelo emanyuvesi"